SWEN20003 Object Oriented软件开发

SWEN20003 Object Oriented Software Development Project 2, 2023
The University of Melbourne
School of Computing and Information Systems
SWEN20003 Object Oriented Software Development
ShadowPac
Project 2, Semester 1, 2023
Released: Friday, 21st April 2023 at 4:30pm AEST
Project 2A Due: Monday, 1st May 2023 at 4:30pm AEST
Project 2B Due: Friday, 19th May 2023 at 4:30pm AEST
Please read the complete specification before starting on the project, because there
are important instructions through to the end!
Overview
In this project, you will create a maze game called ShadowPac in the Java programming language,
continuing from your work in Project 1. We will provide a full working solution for Project 1; you
may use all or part of it, provided you add a comment explaining where you found the code at the
top of each file that uses the sample code.
This is an individual project. You may discuss it with other students, but all of the imple-
mentation must be your own work. By submitting the project you declare that you understand
the University’s policy on academic integrity and are aware of consequences of any infringement,
including the use of artificial intelligence.
You may use any platform and tools you wish to develop the game, but we recommend using IntelliJ
IDEA for Java development as this is what we will support in class.
Note: If you need an extension for the project, please complete the Extension form in the Projects
module on Canvas. Make sure you explain your situation with some supporting documentation such
as a medical certificate, academic adjustment plan, wedding invitation, etc. You will receive an
email saying if the extension was approved or if we need more information.
If you submit late (either with or without an extension), please complete the Late form in the
Projects module on Canvas. For both forms, you need to be logged in using your university
account. Please do not email any of the teaching team regarding extensions or late submissions.
All of this is explained again in more detail at the end of this specification.
There are two parts to this project, with different submission dates. The first task, Project
2A, requires that you produce a class design demonstrating how you plan to implement the game.
This should be submitted in the form of a UML diagram showing all the classes you plan to im-
plement, the relationships (e.g. inheritance and associations) between them, and their attributes,
as well as their primary public methods. You do not need to show constructors, getters/setters,
dependency, composition or aggregation relationships. If you so choose, you may show the relation-
ship on a separate page to the class members in the interest of neatness, but you must use correct
UML notation. Please submit as a PDF file only on Canvas.
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SWEN20003 Object Oriented Software Development Project 2, 2023
The second task, Project 2B, is to complete the implementation of the game as described in the
rest of this specification. You do not need to strictly follow your class design from Project 2A;
you will likely find ways to improve the design as you implement it. Submission will be via GitLab
and you must make at least 5 commits throughout your project.
Game Overview
“The player controls PacMan, the infamous yellow main character, through an enclosed maze.
To win, move around the walls, eat all the dots in the maze and avoid the ghosts! In the second
level, the player has the ability to attack the ghosts when they eat a pellet and the ability to gain
bonus points when they eat a cherry. ”
The game features two levels : Level 0 and Level 1, both of which are mazes. In Level 0, the
player will be able to control PacMan who has to move around the walls, eat the dots and avoid
the red ghosts, who are stationary. If the player collides with a ghost, the player will lose a life. The
player has 3 lives in total. To finish the level, the player needs to eat (collide) with all the dots. If
the player loses all 3 lives, the game ends. You have already implemented Level 0 in Project 1 (the
only change required is to the winning message screen which is explained later).
When the player finishes Level 0, Level 1 starts. To win the level and the game, the player must
reach a score of 800. However, the player has to deal with 4 types of ghosts (red, blue, green &
pink). The ghosts will be moving in different directions (as explained later). If the player collides
with the pellet, the game goes into a frenzy mode, where the player can gain extra points when
colliding with the ghosts and not lose any lives. The player can also gain more points if they collide
with a cherry. Outside of the frenzy mode, if the player collides with a ghost, they will lose a life
and losing all 3 lives means the game will end.
An Important Note
Before you attempt the project or ask any questions about it on the discussion forum, it is crucial
that you read through this entire document thoroughly and carefully. We’ve covered every detail
below as best we can without making the document longer than it needs to be. Thus, if there is
any detail about the game you feel was unclear, try referring back to this project spec first, as it
can be easy to miss some things in a document of this size. And if your question is more to do on
how a feature should be implemented, first ask yourself: ‘How can I implement this in a way that
both satisfies the description given, and helps make the game easy and fun to play?’ More
often than not, the answer you come up with will be the answer we would give you!
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SWEN20003 Object Oriented Software Development Project 2, 2023
Figure 1: Completed Level 0 Screenshot
Figure 2: Completed Level 1 Screenshot
Note : the actual positions of the entities in the levels we provide you may not be the same as in
these screenshots.
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The Game Engine
The Basic Academic Game Engine Library (Bagel) is a game engine that you will use to develop
your game. You can find the documentation for Bagel here.
Coordinates
Every coordinate on the screen is described by an (x, y) pair. (0, 0) represents the top-left of the
screen, and coordinates increase towards the bottom-right. Each of these coordinates is called a
pixel. The Bagel Point class encapsulates this.
Frames
Bagel will refresh the program’s logic at the same refresh rate as your monitor. Each time, the
screen will be cleared to a blank state and all of the graphics are drawn again. Each of these steps
is called a frame. Every time a frame is to be rendered, the update() method in ShadowPac is
called. It is in this method that you are expected to update the state of the game.
Your code will be marked on 60Hz screens. The refresh rate is typically 60 times per second
(Hz) but newer devices might have a higher rate. In this case, when your game is running, it may
look different to the demo videos as the constant values in this specification have been chosen for
a refresh rate of 60Hz. For your convenience, when writing and testing your code, you may either
change these values to make your game playable or lower your monitor’s refresh rate to 60Hz. If you
do change the values, remember to change them back to the original specification values before
submitting, as your code will be marked on 60Hz screens.
This specification requires certain gameplay to only happen for a given number of frames. These
numbers are not fixed and we’ll allow some room for error - as long as the game still plays roughly
as intended!
Collisions
It is sometimes useful to be able to tell when two images are overlapping. This is called collision
detection and can get quite complex. For this game, you can assume images are rectangles and
that the player meeting any other entity is a collision. Bagel contains the Rectangle class to help
you.
The Levels
Our game will have two levels, each with messages that would be rendered at the start and end of
the level.
Window and Background
The background (background0.png) should be rendered on the screen to completely fill up your
window throughout the game (for the instructions, Level 0 and Level 1). The default window
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size should be 1024 * 768 pixels. The background has already been implemented for you in the
skeleton package.
Level Messages
All messages should be rendered with the font provided in res folder (FSO8BITR.ttf), in size
64 (unless otherwise specified). All messages should be centered both horizontally and vertically
(unless otherwise specified).
Hint: The drawString() method in the Font class uses the given coordinates as the bottom
left of the message. So to center the message, you will need to calculate the coordinates us-
ing the Window.getWidth(), Window.getHeight() and Font.getWidth() methods, and also the
font size.
Level Start
When the game is run, Level 0 should start with a title message that reads SHADOW PAC should be
rendered in the font provided. The bottom left corner of this message should be located at (260,
250).
Additionally, an instruction message consisting of 2 lines:
PRESS SPACE TO START
USE ARROW KEYS TO MOVE
should be rendered below the title message, in the font provided, in size 24. The bottom left of
the first line in the message should be calculated as follows: the x-coordinate should be increased
by 60 pixels and the y-coordinate should be increased by 190 pixels.
There must be adequate spacing between the 2 lines to ensure readability (you can decide on
the value of this spacing yourself, as long as it’s not small enough that the text overlaps or too big
that it doesn’t fit within the screen). You can align the lines as you wish.
At the start of Level 1, the following instruction message with these 3 lines should be shown:
PRESS SPACE TO START
USE ARROW KEYS TO MOVE
EAT THE PELLET TO ATTACK
This message should be rendered in the font provided in size 40 and the bottom left of the first
line in the message should be located at (200, 350). The spacing and alignment of the lines is
the same as described above.
Each level begins once the start key (space bar) is pressed. To help when testing your game, you
can allow the user to skip ahead to the Level 1 start screen by pressing the key ’W’ (this is not
assessed but will help you when coding, especially when working on Level 1).
World File
All the entities will be defined in a world file, describing the types and their positions in the
window. The world file for Level 0 is level0.csv and Level 1 is level1.csv. A world file is a
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comma-separated value (CSV) file with rows in the following format:
Type, x-coordinate, y-coordinate
An example of a world file:
Player,474,662
GhostRed,374,362
Cherry,374,512
Pellet,174,662
Wall,12,50
You must actually load both files—copying and pasting the data, for example, is not allowed.
Note: You can assume that the player is always the first entry in both files, the Level 0 world file
will have a maximum of 271 entries and the Level 1 world file will have a maximum of 266 entries.
Win Conditions
For Level 0, once the player eats all the dots, this is the end of the level. A winning message that
reads LEVEL COMPLETE! should be rendered as described earlier in the Level Messages section. This
message should be rendered for 300 frames before displaying the start screen for Level 1.
In Level 1, once the player reaches a score of 800, this is considered a win (note that the player
does not have to eat all the dots to complete the level). A winning message that reads WELL DONE!
should be rendered as described in the Level Messages section.
Lose Conditions
On either level, while there is no win, the game will continue running until it ends. As described
earlier, the game can only end if the player’s number of lives reduce to 0. A message of GAME OVER!
should be rendered as described in the Level Messages section.
If the player terminates the game window at any point (by pressing the Escape key or by clicking
the Exit button), the window will simply close and no message will be shown.
The Game Entities
All game entities have an associated image (or multiple!) and a starting location (x, y) on the
map which are defined in the CSV files provided to you. Remember that you can assume the
provided images are rectangles and make use of the Rectangle class in Bagel; the provided (x, y)
coordinates for a given entity should be the top left of each image.
Hint: Image has the drawFromTopLeft method and Rectangle has the intersects method for
you to use, refer to the Bagel documentation for more info.
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The Player
In our game, the player is represented by PacMan. The player is controlled by the four arrow keys
and can move continuously in one of four directions (left, right, up, down) by 3 pixels per frame
whenever an arrow key is held down.
(a) pac.png (b) pacOpen.png
Figure 3: The player’s images
The player is represented by the images shown above. Every 15 frames, the image rendered should
switch between the two (i.e. it should look like the player opening and closing its mouth). Initially,
the player will start by facing right, as shown above. Based on the direction the player is moving,
the image being rendered needs to be rotated. For example, if the player is moving down, the
images need to be rotated by either 90 degrees clockwise or 270 degrees anti-clockwise, as shown
below.
(a) pac.png after rotation (b) pacOpen.png after rotation
Figure 4: The player’s images rotated when moving downwards
Hint: The drawFromTopLeft method has an overloaded method that takes a DrawOptions object
as a parameter. DrawOption objects have a setRotation method, that allow the rotation to be
set in radians.
Figure 5: Player’s lives
The player has 3 lives. If the player collides with a ghost (of any colour),
the player will lose a life, both ghost and player’s positions will be reset
to the starting position. If the player loses all 3 lives, the game ends.
Each life is represented by heart.png. The hearts are rendered in the
top right corner of the screen. The first heart should be rendered with
the top left coordinate at (900, 10). The x-coordinate of each heart
after should be increased by 30, as shown on the left.
Figure 6: Player’s score
rendering
The player has an associated score. When the player collides with a
dot, the player’s score increases by 10 (the points value of the dot). If
the player collides with a cherry, the player’s score increases by 20 (the
points value of the cherry). The score is rendered in the top left corner
of the screen in the format of "SCORE k" where k is the current score.
The bottom left corner of this message should be located at (25, 25)
and the font size should be 20.
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SWEN20003 Object Oriented Software Development Project 2, 2023
When the player collides with a pellet, the game goes into frenzy mode. In this mode, if the
player collides with a ghost, they will not lose a life and their score increases by 30 points for each
ghost collision. The player’s speed also increases by 1 to 4 pixels per frame. The frenzy mode
lasts for 1000 frames. Once this ends, the player’s speed reduces by 1 to its original speed and
the collision behaviour reverts to normal.
Enemies
The enemies are the four ghosts that can attack the player. Note that enemies are allowed to
overlap with each other during movement.
Red Ghost
Figure 7: Red Ghost
Red ghosts feature in both levels and are represented by ghostRed.png.
In Level 0, they are stationary (like in Project 1) but in Level 1, they
move in the horizontal direction at a a speed of 1 pixel per frame. They
will start initially by moving right.
A ghost cannot overlap or move though a wall. When there is a collision
with a wall, the red ghost’s movement reverses in the horizontal direction (for e.g: if the ghost
hits a wall while moving right, the ghost will move left after the collision). When there is a collision
with the player, the player and the ghost will reset to the starting position. If a ghost collides with
a dot or a cherry, they will simply move through (the order in which you render them is up to you).
Blue Ghost
Figure 8: Blue Ghost
Blue ghosts feature only in Level 1 and are represented by ghostBlue.png.
They move in the vertical direction at a a speed of 2 pixels per frame.
They will start initially by moving downwards.
A ghost cannot overlap or move though a wall. When there is a collision
with a wall, the blue ghost’s movement reverses in the vertical direction
(for e.g: if the ghost hits a wall while moving down, the ghost will move up after the collision).
When there is a collision with the player, the player and the ghost will reset to the starting position.
If a ghost collides with a dot or a cherry, they will simply move through (the order in which you
render them is up to you).
Green Ghost
Figure 9: Green Ghost
Green ghosts are only in Level 1 and are shown by ghostGreen.png. They
can move in one of two directions (horizontal or vertical), randomly se-
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lected at creation at a speed of 4 pixels per frame. The ghost will start by
initially increasing in the selected direction (i.e, if the vertical direction is
chosen, the ghost will move down and if the horizontal direction is chosen,
the ghost will move right).
A ghost cannot overlap or move though a wall. When there is a collision with a wall, the green
ghost’s movement reverses in the selected direction (for e.g: if a ghost moving in the vertical
direction hits a wall while moving up, the ghost will move down after the collision). When there is
a collision with the player, the player and the ghost will reset to the starting position. If a ghost
collides with a dot or a cherry, they will simply move through (the order in which you render them
is up to you).
Pink Ghost
Figure 10: Pink Ghost
Pink ghosts are only in Level 1 and are rendered by ghostPink.png. They
can move in one of four directions (left, right, up and down), randomly
selected at creation at a speed of 3 pixels per frame.
A ghost cannot overlap or move though a wall. When there is a collision
with a wall, the pink ghost’s direction will be randomly chosen again
from the four possible directions. When there is a collision with the player, the player and the
ghost will reset to the starting position. If a ghost collides with a dot or a cherry, they will simply
move through (the order in which you render them is up to you).
The Ghosts during Frenzy Mode
Figure 11: A Ghost
during frenzy mode
During frenzy mode, all of the ghosts images will be changed to
ghostFrenzy.png as shown on the right. Their speeds will correspond-
ingly decrease by 0.5 pixels per frame. During this mode, if a ghost
collides with the player, the ghost will disappear from the screen. All
other behaviour remains the same during this mode.
Once the frenzy mode ends, the ghosts that disappeared will reappear at
their starting positions (i.e. the original positions in the csv file). Any
ghosts that didn’t disappear, will continue to move as normal. All of the ghosts behaviour returns
to normal including the speed, the images and the collision behaviour.
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SWEN20003 Object Oriented Software Development Project 2, 2023
Stationary Entities
These are entities placed throughout the level that do not move, at locations specified by the level
CSV file (the Level 0 Red Ghost is also stationary but is not included here as it has been explained
earlier). These may apply some effect on the moving entities that collide with them, and may need
to disappear at some point (i.e. the game should stop rendering and updating them).
Wall
Figure 12: Wall
A wall is a stationary object, shown by wall.png. The player shouldn’t
be able to overlap with or move through the walls, i.e. the player must
move the player around any areas on the level where walls are being
rendered.
Dot
Figure 13: Dot
A dot is a stationary object, shown by dot.png, with a points value
of 10. When the player collides with a dot, the player’s score in-
creases by the dot’s point value and the dot disappears from the
screen.
Cherry
Figure 14: Cherry
A cherry is a stationary object, shown by cherry.png, with a points
value of 20. When the player collides with a cherry, the player’s score
increases by the cherry’s point value and the cherry disappears from the
screen.
Pellet
A pellet is a stationary object, shown by pellet.png. When the player collides with it, the game
goes into frenzy mode and the pellet disappears from the screen. If a ghost collides with the pellet,
nothing happens and the ghost is able to pass through.
Figure 15: Pellet
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SWEN20003 Object Oriented Software Development Project 2, 2023

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