1.导入sql文件
利用cmd---登入mysql---use database---- 输入
“
SET SESSION innodb_strict_mode = OFF;
”
--- “source + 路径”
2.数据库连接
# 代码11-1 Python访问数据库 import os import pandas as pd # 修改工作路径到指定文件夹 os.chdir("./数据分析") # 第一种连接方式 # from sqlalchemy import create_engine # engine = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://root:[email protected]:3306/test?charset=utf8') # sql = pd.read_sql('all_gzdata', engine, chunksize = 10000) # 第二种连接方式 import pymysql as pm con = pm.connect(host='localhost',user='root',password='123456',database='test',charset='utf8') data = pd.read_sql('select * from all_gzdata',con=con) con.close() #关闭连接 # 保存读取的数据 data.to_csv('.\\all_gzdata.csv', index=False, encoding='utf-8')
3.分析网页类型
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # 代码11-2 网页类型统计 import pandas as pd from sqlalchemy import create_engine engine = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://root:[email protected]:3306/test?charset=utf8') sql = pd.read_sql('all_gzdata', engine, chunksize = 10000) # 分析网页类型 counts = [i['fullURLId'].value_counts() for i in sql] #逐块统计 counts = counts.copy() counts = pd.concat(counts).groupby(level=0).sum() # 合并统计结果,把相同的统计项合并(即按index分组并求和) counts = counts.reset_index() # 重新设置index,将原来的index作为counts的一列。 counts.columns = ['index', 'num'] # 重新设置列名,主要是第二列,默认为0 counts['type'] = counts['index'].str.extract('(\d{3})') # 提取前三个数字作为类别id counts_ = counts[['type', 'num']].groupby('type').sum() # 按类别合并 counts_.sort_values(by='num', ascending=False, inplace=True) # 降序排列 counts_['ratio'] = counts_.iloc[:,0] / counts_.iloc[:,0].sum() print(counts_)
4.知识类型内部统计
# 代码11-3 知识类型内部统计 # 因为只有107001一类,但是可以继续细分成三类:知识内容页、知识列表页、知识首页 def count107(i): #自定义统计函数 j = i[['fullURL']][i['fullURLId'].str.contains('107')].copy() # 找出类别包含107的网址 j['type'] = None # 添加空列 j['type'][j['fullURL'].str.contains('info/.+?/')]= '知识首页' j['type'][j['fullURL'].str.contains('info/.+?/.+?')]= '知识列表页' j['type'][j['fullURL'].str.contains('/\d+?_*\d+?\.html')]= '知识内容页' return j['type'].value_counts() # 注意:获取一次sql对象就需要重新访问一下数据库(!!!) #engine = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://root:[email protected]:3306/test?charset=utf8') sql = pd.read_sql('all_gzdata', engine, chunksize = 10000) counts2 = [count107(i) for i in sql] # 逐块统计 counts2 = pd.concat(counts2).groupby(level=0).sum() # 合并统计结果 print(counts2) #计算各个部分的占比 res107 = pd.DataFrame(counts2) # res107.reset_index(inplace=True) res107.index.name= '107类型' res107.rename(columns={'type':'num'}, inplace=True) res107['比例'] = res107['num'] / res107['num'].sum() res107.reset_index(inplace = True) print(res107)
5.统计带“?”的数据
# 代码11-4 统计带“?”的数据 def countquestion(i): # 自定义统计函数 j = i[['fullURLId']][i['fullURL'].str.contains('\?')].copy() # 找出类别包含107的网址 return j #engine = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://root:[email protected]:3306/test?charset=utf8') sql = pd.read_sql('all_gzdata', engine, chunksize = 10000) counts3 = [countquestion(i)['fullURLId'].value_counts() for i in sql] counts3 = pd.concat(counts3).groupby(level=0).sum() print(counts3) # 求各个类型的占比并保存数据 df1 = pd.DataFrame(counts3) df1['perc'] = df1['fullURLId']/df1['fullURLId'].sum()*100 df1.sort_values(by='fullURLId',ascending=False,inplace=True) print(df1.round(4))
6.统计199类型中的具体类型占比
# 代码11-5 统计199类型中的具体类型占比 def page199(i): #自定义统计函数 j = i[['fullURL','pageTitle']][(i['fullURLId'].str.contains('199')) & (i['fullURL'].str.contains('\?'))] j['pageTitle'].fillna('空',inplace=True) j['type'] = '其他' # 添加空列 j['type'][j['pageTitle'].str.contains('法律快车-律师助手')]= '法律快车-律师助手' j['type'][j['pageTitle'].str.contains('咨询发布成功')]= '咨询发布成功' j['type'][j['pageTitle'].str.contains('免费发布法律咨询' )] = '免费发布法律咨询' j['type'][j['pageTitle'].str.contains('法律快搜')] = '快搜' j['type'][j['pageTitle'].str.contains('法律快车法律经验')] = '法律快车法律经验' j['type'][j['pageTitle'].str.contains('法律快车法律咨询')] = '法律快车法律咨询' j['type'][(j['pageTitle'].str.contains('_法律快车')) | (j['pageTitle'].str.contains('-法律快车'))] = '法律快车' j['type'][j['pageTitle'].str.contains('空')] = '空' return j # 注意:获取一次sql对象就需要重新访问一下数据库 #engine = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://root:[email protected]:3306/test?charset=utf8') sql = pd.read_sql('all_gzdata', engine, chunksize = 10000)# 分块读取数据库信息 #sql = pd.read_sql_query('select * from all_gzdata limit 10000', con=engine) counts4 = [page199(i) for i in sql] # 逐块统计 counts4 = pd.concat(counts4) d1 = counts4['type'].value_counts() print(d1) d2 = counts4[counts4['type']=='其他'] print(d2) # 求各个部分的占比并保存数据 df1_ = pd.DataFrame(d1) df1_['perc'] = df1_['type']/df1_['type'].sum()*100 df1_.sort_values(by='type',ascending=False,inplace=True) print(df1_)
7.统计无目的浏览用户中各个类型占比
# 代码11-6 统计无目的浏览用户中各个类型占比 def xiaguang(i): #自定义统计函数 j = i.loc[(i['fullURL'].str.contains('\.html'))==False, ['fullURL','fullURLId','pageTitle']] return j # 注意获取一次sql对象就需要重新访问一下数据库 engine = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://root:[email protected]:3306/test?charset=utf8') sql = pd.read_sql('all_gzdata', engine, chunksize = 10000)# 分块读取数据库信息 counts5 = [xiaguang(i) for i in sql] counts5 = pd.concat(counts5) xg1 = counts5['fullURLId'].value_counts() print(xg1) # 求各个部分的占比 xg_ = pd.DataFrame(xg1) xg_.reset_index(inplace=True) xg_.columns= ['index', 'num'] xg_['perc'] = xg_['num']/xg_['num'].sum()*100 xg_.sort_values(by='num',ascending=False,inplace=True) xg_['type'] = xg_['index'].str.extract('(\d{3})') #提取前三个数字作为类别id xgs_ = xg_[['type', 'num']].groupby('type').sum() #按类别合并 xgs_.sort_values(by='num', ascending=False,inplace=True) #降序排列 xgs_['percentage'] = xgs_['num']/xgs_['num'].sum()*100 print(xgs_.round(4))
8. 统计用户浏览网页次数的情况
# 代码11-7 统计用户浏览网页次数的情况 # 分析网页点击次数 # 统计点击次数 engine = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://root:[email protected]:3306/test?charset=utf8') sql = pd.read_sql('all_gzdata', engine, chunksize = 10000)# 分块读取数据库信息 counts1 = [i['realIP'].value_counts() for i in sql] # 分块统计各个IP的出现次数 counts1 = pd.concat(counts1).groupby(level=0).sum() # 合并统计结果,level=0表示按照index分组 print(counts1) counts1_ = pd.DataFrame(counts1) counts1_ counts1['realIP'] = counts1.index.tolist() counts1_[1]=1 # 添加1列全为1 hit_count = counts1_.groupby('realIP').sum() # 统计各个“不同点击次数”分别出现的次数 # 也可以使用counts1_['realIP'].value_counts()功能 hit_count.columns=['用户数'] hit_count.index.name = '点击次数' # 统计1~7次、7次以上的用户人数 hit_count.sort_index(inplace = True) hit_count_7 = hit_count.iloc[:7,:] time = hit_count.iloc[7:,0].sum() # 统计点击次数7次以上的用户数 hit_count_7 = hit_count_7.append([{'用户数':time}], ignore_index=True) hit_count_7.index = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','7次以上'] hit_count_7['用户比例'] = hit_count_7['用户数'] / hit_count_7['用户数'].sum() print(hit_count_7)
9. 分析浏览一次的用户行为
# 代码11-8 分析浏览次数为一次的用户的行为 # 分析浏览一次的用户行为 engine = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://root:[email protected]:3306/test?charset=utf8') all_gzdata = pd.read_sql_table('all_gzdata', con = engine) # 读取all_gzdata数据 #对realIP进行统计 # 提取浏览1次网页的数据 real_count = pd.DataFrame(all_gzdata.groupby("realIP")["realIP"].count()) real_count.columns = ["count"] real_count["realIP"] = real_count.index.tolist() user_one = real_count[(real_count["count"] == 1)] # 提取只登录一次的用户 # 通过realIP与原始数据合并 # print (user_one) # print (all_gzdata) # print (user_one.index.name) # print (all_gzdata.index.name) # 原代码错误原因:'realIP' is both an index level and a column label, which is ambiguous., # 打印出user_one发现原数据有一列1,不知道什么原因阻碍合并,于是手动删除列1,替换数据生成user_one1,于是乎合并成功 user_one.to_csv('.\\数据分析\\tmp\\user_one.csv', index=False, encoding='utf-8') inputfile =".\\user_one1.csv" user_one1 = pd.read_csv(inputfile) # 读取数据 real_one = pd.merge(user_one1, all_gzdata, left_on="realIP", right_on="realIP") # 统计浏览一次的网页类型 URL_count = pd.DataFrame(real_one.groupby("fullURLId")["fullURLId"].count()) URL_count.columns = ["count"] URL_count.sort_values(by='count', ascending=False, inplace=True) # 降序排列 # 统计排名前4和其他的网页类型 URL_count_4 = URL_count.iloc[:4,:] time = hit_count.iloc[4:,0].sum() # 统计其他的 URLindex = URL_count_4.index.values URL_count_4 = URL_count_4.append([{'count':time}], ignore_index=True) URL_count_4.index = [URLindex[0], URLindex[1], URLindex[2], URLindex[3], '其他'] URL_count_4['比例'] = URL_count_4['count'] / URL_count_4['count'].sum() print(URL_count_4)
10.统计单用户浏览次数为一次的网页
# 代码11-9 统计单用户浏览次数为一次的网页 # 在浏览1次的前提下, 得到的网页被浏览的总次数 fullURL_count = pd.DataFrame(real_one.groupby("fullURL")["fullURL"].count()) fullURL_count.columns = ["count"] fullURL_count["fullURL"] = fullURL_count.index.tolist() fullURL_count.sort_values(by='count', ascending=False, inplace=True) # 降序排列
11. 删除不符合规则的网页
# 代码11-10 删除不符合规范的网页 import os import re import pandas as pd import pymysql as pm from random import sample # 修改工作路径到指定文件夹 os.chdir(".\\数据分析") # 读取数据 con = pm.connect('localhost','root','123456','test',charset='utf8') data = pd.read_sql('select * from all_gzdata',con=con) con.close() # 关闭连接 # 取出107类型数据 index107 = [re.search('107',str(i))!=None for i in data.loc[:,'fullURLId']] data_107 = data.loc[index107,:] # 在107类型中筛选出婚姻类数据 index = [re.search('hunyin',str(i))!=None for i in data_107.loc[:,'fullURL']] data_hunyin = data_107.loc[index,:] # 提取所需字段(realIP、fullURL) info = data_hunyin.loc[:,['realIP','fullURL']] # 去除网址中“?”及其后面内容 da = [re.sub('\?.*','',str(i)) for i in info.loc[:,'fullURL']] info.loc[:,'fullURL'] = da # 将info中‘fullURL’那列换成da # 去除无html网址 index = [re.search('\.html',str(i))!=None for i in info.loc[:,'fullURL']] index.count(True) # True 或者 1 , False 或者 0 info1 = info.loc[index,:] print(info1.head())
12.还原翻译网址
# 代码11-11 还原翻页网址 # 找出翻页和非翻页网址 index = [re.search('/\d+_\d+\.html',i)!=None for i in info1.loc[:,'fullURL']] index1 = [i==False for i in index] info1_1 = info1.loc[index,:] # 带翻页网址 info1_2 = info1.loc[index1,:] # 无翻页网址 # 将翻页网址还原 da = [re.sub('_\d+\.html','.html',str(i)) for i in info1_1.loc[:,'fullURL']] info1_1.loc[:,'fullURL'] = da # 翻页与非翻页网址合并 frames = [info1_1,info1_2] info2 = pd.concat(frames) # 或者 info2 = pd.concat([info1_1,info1_2],axis = 0) # 默认为0,即行合并 # 去重(realIP和fullURL两列相同) info3 = info2.drop_duplicates() # 将IP转换成字符型数据 info3.iloc[:,0] = [str(index) for index in info3.iloc[:,0]] info3.iloc[:,1] = [str(index) for index in info3.iloc[:,1]] len(info3)
13.筛选浏览次数不满两次的用户
# 代码11-12 筛选浏览次数不满两次的用户 # 筛选满足一定浏览次数的IP IP_count = info3['realIP'].value_counts() # 找出IP集合 IP = list(IP_count.index) count = list(IP_count.values) # 统计每个IP的浏览次数,并存放进IP_count数据框中,第一列为IP,第二列为浏览次数 IP_count = pd.DataFrame({'IP':IP,'count':count}) # 3.3筛选出浏览网址在n次以上的IP集合 n = 2 index = IP_count.loc[:,'count']>n IP_index = IP_count.loc[index,'IP'] print(IP_index.head())
14.划分数据集
# 代码11-13 划分数据集 # 划分IP集合为训练集和测试集 index_tr = sample(range(0,len(IP_index)),int(len(IP_index)*0.8)) # 或者np.random.sample index_te = [i for i in range(0,len(IP_index)) if i not in index_tr] IP_tr = IP_index[index_tr] IP_te = IP_index[index_te] # 将对应数据集划分为训练集和测试集 index_tr = [i in list(IP_tr) for i in info3.loc[:,'realIP']] index_te = [i in list(IP_te) for i in info3.loc[:,'realIP']] data_tr = info3.loc[index_tr,:] data_te = info3.loc[index_te,:] print(len(data_tr)) IP_tr = data_tr.iloc[:,0] # 训练集IP url_tr = data_tr.iloc[:,1] # 训练集网址 IP_tr = list(set(IP_tr)) # 去重处理 url_tr = list(set(url_tr)) # 去重处理 len(url_tr)
15.构建模型
# 代码11-14 构建模型 import pandas as pd # 利用训练集数据构建模型 UI_matrix_tr = pd.DataFrame(0,index=IP_tr,columns=url_tr) # 求用户-物品矩阵 for i in data_tr.index: UI_matrix_tr.loc[data_tr.loc[i,'realIP'],data_tr.loc[i,'fullURL']] = 1 sum(UI_matrix_tr.sum(axis=1)) # 求物品相似度矩阵(因计算量较大,需要耗费的时间较久) Item_matrix_tr = pd.DataFrame(0,index=url_tr,columns=url_tr) for i in Item_matrix_tr.index: for j in Item_matrix_tr.index: a = sum(UI_matrix_tr.loc[:,[i,j]].sum(axis=1)==2) b = sum(UI_matrix_tr.loc[:,[i,j]].sum(axis=1)!=0) Item_matrix_tr.loc[i,j] = a/b # 将物品相似度矩阵对角线处理为零 for i in Item_matrix_tr.index: Item_matrix_tr.loc[i,i]=0 # 利用测试集数据对模型评价 IP_te = data_te.iloc[:,0] url_te = data_te.iloc[:,1] IP_te = list(set(IP_te)) url_te = list(set(url_te)) # 测试集数据用户物品矩阵 UI_matrix_te = pd.DataFrame(0,index=IP_te,columns=url_te) for i in data_te.index: UI_matrix_te.loc[data_te.loc[i,'realIP'],data_te.loc[i,'fullURL']] = 1 # 对测试集IP进行推荐 Res = pd.DataFrame('NaN',index=data_te.index, columns=['IP','已浏览网址','推荐网址','T/F']) Res.loc[:,'IP']=list(data_te.iloc[:,0]) Res.loc[:,'已浏览网址']=list(data_te.iloc[:,1]) # 开始推荐 for i in Res.index: if Res.loc[i,'已浏览网址'] in list(Item_matrix_tr.index): Res.loc[i,'推荐网址'] = Item_matrix_tr.loc[Res.loc[i,'已浏览网址'], :].argmax() if Res.loc[i,'推荐网址'] in url_te: Res.loc[i,'T/F']=UI_matrix_te.loc[Res.loc[i,'IP'], Res.loc[i,'推荐网址']]==1 else: Res.loc[i,'T/F'] = False # 保存推荐结果 Res.to_csv('.\\Res.csv',index=False,encoding='utf8')
16.计算推荐结果的正确率,召回率和F1指标
# 代码11-15 计算推荐结果的正确率、召回率和F1指标 import pandas as pd # 读取保存的推荐结果 Res = pd.read_csv('.\\Res.csv',keep_default_na=False, encoding='utf8') # 计算推荐准确率 Pre = round(sum(Res.loc[:,'T/F']=='True') / (len(Res.index)-sum(Res.loc[:,'T/F']=='NaN')), 3) print(Pre) # 计算推荐召回率 Rec = round(sum(Res.loc[:,'T/F']=='True') / (sum(Res.loc[:,'T/F']=='True')+sum(Res.loc[:,'T/F']=='NaN')), 3) print(Rec) # 计算F1指标 F1 = round(2*Pre*Rec/(Pre+Rec),3) print(F1)
标签:count,loc,电子商务,index,第十一章,tr,---,pd,IP From: https://www.cnblogs.com/M-Inori/p/17326355.html