视图封装
model.py 文件
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Book(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='图书名称')
CHOICES = ((1, 'Java'), (2, 'MySQL'), (3, 'Python'),)
category = models.IntegerField(choices=CHOICES, verbose_name='图书分类')
pub_time = models.DateField(verbose_name='出版社日期')
publisher = models.ForeignKey(to='Publisher',on_delete=callable,db_constraint=False)
author = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author')
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = '01_图书表'
db_table = verbose_name_plural
class Publisher(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=32,verbose_name='出版社信息')
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = '02_出版社表'
db_table = verbose_name_plural
class Author(models.Model):
Author_name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='作者')
def __str__(self):
return self.Author_name
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = '03_作者表'
db_table = verbose_name_plural
model.py
urls.py 文件
from django.urls import path, include
from .views import BookView, BookEditView, BookTwoEditView
urlpatterns = [
path('list',BookView.as_view()),
path('EditBook/<int:id>',BookEditView.as_view())
# path('list', BookTwoEditView.as_view({"get": "list", "post": "create"})),
# path('EditBook/<int:id>', BookTwoEditView.as_view({"get": "retrieve", "put": "edit_View", "delete": "eidt_delete"}))
]
urls.py
serializers.py 文件
from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import Book
class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
category_display = serializers.SerializerMethodField(read_only=True)
publisher_info = serializers.SerializerMethodField(read_only=True)
authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField(read_only=True)
def get_category_display(self, obj):
return obj.get_category_display()
# 通过自定义 get_publisher 与 get_author 来获取我们想要的指定字段
def get_publisher_info(self, obj):
# obj 是我们序列化的每个 Book 对象
publisher_obj = obj.publisher
return {"id": publisher_obj.id, "title": publisher_obj.title}
def get_authors(self, obj):
author_obj = obj.author.all()
return [{'id': author.id, 'Author_name': author.Author_name} for author in author_obj]
class Meta:
model = Book
# fields = ['id','title','pub_time'] # 拿到指定信息
fields = '__all__' # 拿到所有信息，但存在关联字段 id 信息，不利于阅读，需要单独处理
# depth = 1 # 获取关联表中的字段，数字代表 深度，但这样回取出所有数据
# extra_kwargs 添加字段的属性信息
extra_kwargs = {"category": {"write_only": True}, "publisher": {"write_only": True},
"author": {"write_only": True}}
serializers.py
views.py 文件
from .models import Book, Publisher
from .serializers import BookSerializer
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
class GenericAPIView(APIView):
query_set = None
serializers_class = None
def get_queryset(self):
return self.query_set
def get_serializer(self, *args, **kwargs):
return self.serializers_class(*args, **kwargs)
class GetListModelMixin(object):
def list(self, request):
queryset = self.get_queryset()
ret = self.get_serializer(queryset, many=True)
return Response(ret.data)
class PostCreateModeMixin(object):
def create(self, request):
serializers = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
if serializers.is_valid():
serializers.save()
return Response(serializers.data)
else:
return Response(serializers.errors)
class RetrieveModeMixin(object):
def retrieve(self, request, id):
book_obj = self.get_queryset().filter(id=id).first()
ret = self.get_serializer(book_obj)
return Response(ret.data)
class EditViewModeMixin(object):
def edit_View(self, request, id):
book_obj = self.get_queryset().filter(id=id).first()
ret = self.get_serializer(book_obj, data=request.data, partial=True) # partial 是否允许部分更新
if ret.is_valid():
ret.save()
return Response(ret.data)
else:
return Response(ret.errors)
class EditDeleteModeMixin(object):
def eidt_delete(self, request, id):
book_obj = self.get_queryset().filter(id=id).first()
book_obj.delete()
return Response('已删除')
class BookViewListClass(GenericAPIView, GetListModelMixin, PostCreateModeMixin):
pass
class BookView(BookViewListClass): # 继承 GenericAPIView 这个通用类
query_set = Book.objects.all()
serializers_class = BookSerializer
def get(self, request):
return self.list(request)
# Post 请求
def post(self, request):
return self.create(request)
class BookEditListClass(GenericAPIView, RetrieveModeMixin, EditViewModeMixin, EditDeleteModeMixin):
pass
class BookEditView(BookEditListClass):
query_set = Book.objects.all()
serializers_class = BookSerializer
def get(self, request, id):
return self.retrieve(request, id)
def put(self, request, id):
return self.edit_View(request, id)
def delete(self, request, id):
return self.eidt_delete(request, id)
views.py
使用路由传参实现用一个视图完成该功能
urls.py 文件，实现路由传参 views.py 中类必须继承 ViewSetMixin
from django.urls import path, include
from .views import BookView, BookEditView, BookTwoEditView
urlpatterns = [
# path('list',BookView.as_view()),
# path('EditBook/<int:id>',BookEditView.as_view())
path('list', BookTwoEditView.as_view({"get": "list", "post": "create"})),
path('EditBook/<int:id>', BookTwoEditView.as_view({"get": "retrieve", "put": "edit_View", "delete": "eidt_delete"}))
]
urls.py
views.py 文件，新建类继承 ViewSetMixin
from rest_framework.viewsets import ViewSetMixin
# 框架提供的类 所在包位置
from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet # 这个是框架提供的 ManyViewClass 类
from rest_framework import views
from rest_framework import generics
from rest_framework import mixins
from rest_framework import viewsets
class ManyViewClass(ViewSetMixin, GenericAPIView, GetListModelMixin, PostCreateModeMixin, RetrieveModeMixin,
EditViewModeMixin, EditDeleteModeMixin):
pass
class BookTwoEditView(ManyViewClass):
query_set = Book.objects.all()
serializers_class = BookSerializer
views.py
DRF 路由组件
from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter
版本控制组件介绍
settings.py 文件，新增 REST_FRAMEWORK 参数，使用 rest_framework.versioning.QueryParameterVersioning
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
# "DEFAULT_VERSIONING_CLASS": "utils.version.MyVersion",
"DEFAULT_VERSIONING_CLASS": "rest_framework.versioning.QueryParameterVersioning",
"DEFAULT_VERSION": "v1",
"ALLOWED_VERSIONS": "v1, v2",
"VERSION_PARAM": "ver"
}
settings.py
urls.py 文件
from django.urls import path,include
from .views import DomeView
urlpatterns = [
path(r'',DomeView.as_view()),
]
urls.py
views.py 文件
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
class DomeView(APIView):
def get(self,request):
print(request.version)
print(request.versioning_scheme)
if request.version == 'v1':
return Response('V1 版本')
if request.version == 'v2':
return Response('V2 版本')
return Response('测试版本')
views.py
认证组件
认证组件的方法都在：import rest_framework.authentication
models.py
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
from django.db import models
class User(models.Model):
username = models.CharField(max_length=32)
password = models.CharField(max_length=32)
token = models.UUIDField()
models.py
urls.py
from django.urls import path,include
from .views import authDome,LoginDome,TestDome
urlpatterns = [
path(r'',authDome.as_view()),
path(r'login',LoginDome.as_view()),
path(r'test',TestDome.as_view()),
]
urls.py
views.py
import uuid
# Create your views here.
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from utils.auth import MyAuth
from .models import User
class authDome(APIView):
def get(self,request):
return Response('认证视图')
class LoginDome(APIView):
def post(self,request):
username = request.data.get('username')
password = request.data.get('password')
token = uuid.uuid4()
User.objects.create(username=username,password=password,token=token)
return Response('创建成功')
class TestDome(APIView):
# 局部视图配置 在需要做验证的类中配置
authentication_class = [MyAuth,]
def get(self,request):
print(request.user)
print(request.auth)
return Response('认证测试')
views.py
auth.py 认证文件
from rest_framework.authentication import BaseAuthentication
from rest_framework.exceptions import AuthenticationFailed
from authDome.models import User
class MyAuth(BaseAuthentication):
def authenticate(self,request):
token = request.query_params.get("token","")
if not token:
raise AuthenticationFailed("没有携带 token")
user_obj = User.objects.filter(token=token).first()
if not user_obj:
raise AuthenticationFailed("携带的 token 不合法")
return (user_obj,token)
auth.py
权限组件
权限组件的方法都在：import rest_framework.permissions
新建 permission.py 文件
from rest_framework.permissions import BasePermission
class MyPermission(BasePermission):
message = '没有权限'
def has_permission(self, request, view):
# 判断用户是否有权限
user_obj = request.user
if user_obj.type == 3:
return False
else:
return True
permission.py
models.py 文件
from django.db import models
class User(models.Model):
username = models.CharField(max_length=32)
password = models.CharField(max_length=32)
token = models.UUIDField()
type = models.IntegerField(choices=((1, "vip"), (2, "VVIP"), (3, "普通用户"),), default=3)
models.py
views.py 文件
from django.shortcuts import render
import uuid
# Create your views here.
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from utils.auth import MyAuth
from utils.permission import MyPermission
from .models import User
class authDome(APIView):
def get(self,request):
return Response('认证视图')
class LoginDome(APIView):
def post(self,request):
username = request.data.get('username')
password = request.data.get('password')
token = uuid.uuid4()
User.objects.create(username=username,password=password,token=token)
return Response('创建成功')
class TestDome(APIView):
# 局部视图配置 在需要做验证的类中配置
authentication_classes = [MyAuth, ]
permission_classes = [MyPermission, ] # 添加权限类
def get(self,request):
print(request.user)
print(request.auth)
return Response('认证测试')
views.py
频率接口
标签：版本控制,models,self,py,request,视图,Django,import,class From： https://www.cnblogs.com/ysging/p/13682240.html