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ES6-解构赋值(数组)

时间:2023-01-09 11:25:13浏览次数:42  
标签:ES6 const log undefined 解构 console 赋值

一. 概念:解析某一数据的结构,将我们想要的东西提取出来,赋值给变量或者常量

1 const [a, b, c] = [1, 2, 3];
2         console.log(a, b, c);//1 2 3

二. 数组的解构赋值-解构匹配,索引值相同完成赋值

1.多维数组的解构

1 const [a, , c] = [1, [2, 3, 4], 5];
2         console.log(a, c);//1 5 不取的可以先空着
//-----------------------------------------
3 const [a, b, c] = [1, [2, 3, 4], 5]; 4 console.log(a, b, c);//1 [2,3,4] 5
//--------------------------------------
5 const [a, [, , b], c] = [1, [2, 3, 4], 5]; 6 console.log(a, b, c);//1 4 5
//---------------------------------------
7 const [, a] = [1, [2, 3, 4], 5]; 8 console.log(a);//[2, 3, 4]

 2.默认值

 1 //生效条件 当数组成员===undefined,它的默认值才会生效
 2 const [a, b] = [];
 3         // 相当于const [a, b] = [undefined, undefined];
 4         console.log(a, b);//undefined undefined
//--------------------------------------------------------------
5 const [a = 1, b = 2] = [];//a = 1, b = 2 这就是设置默认值 6 // 相当于const [a, b] = [undefined, undefined]; 7 console.log(a, b);//1 2
//-------------------------------------------------------------
8 //默认值是表达式,惰性求值 9 function fn() { 10 console.log(1); 11 return 1; 12 } 13 const [a = 1, b = fn()] = [1, 2];//因为默认值没生效,fn()这句代码不会执行 14 15 console.log(a, b);//1 2

 

3.应用

①类数组的解构赋值

1 function fn() {
2             console.log(arguments);//[1, 2, callee: ƒ, Symbol(Symbol.iterator): ƒ]
3             const [a, b, c] = arguments;
4             console.log(a, b, c);//1 2 undefined
5         }
6         fn(1, 2);
1 <p>1</p>
2 <p>2</p>
3 <p>3</p>
4     <script>
5         var ps = document.querySelectorAll('p');
6         console.log(ps);
7         const [a, b, c] = ps;
8         console.log(a, b, c);
9     <script>

②函数参数的解构赋值

1 const fn = ([a = 1, b = 2]) => {//这里的形参小括号不能省,因为参数的解构赋值相当于[a=1,b=2]=[3,4]是表达式不是单个参数
2             console.log(a, b);//3,4
3         }
4         fn([3, 4]); //传参过程就相当于形参=实参,相当于[a=1,b=2]=[3,4],可以解构赋值

③交换变量的值

1 let a = 1;
2         let b = 2;
3         //赋值等号右边是会求值然后赋值给左边的变量或者常量
4         [a, b] = [b, a]//这里a,b已经声明了,不能重复声明a,b了,也就是不能再let[x,y]=[y,x]了;

 

标签:ES6,const,log,undefined,解构,console,赋值
From: https://www.cnblogs.com/zhoushangquan/p/17036239.html

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