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实验7:基于REST API的SDN北向应用实践

时间:2022-11-11 21:23:17浏览次数:41  
标签:__ url self flow REST json API SDN type

实验7:基于REST API的SDN北向应用实践

一、实验目的

  1. 能够编写程序调用OpenDaylight REST API实现特定网络功能;
  2. 能够编写程序调用Ryu REST API实现特定网络功能。

二、实验环境

  1. 下载虚拟机软件Oracle VisualBox或VMware;
  2. 在虚拟机中安装Ubuntu 20.04 Desktop amd64,并完整安装Mininet、OpenDaylight(Carbon版本)、Postman和Ryu;

三、实验要求

(一)基本要求

  1. 编写Python程序,调用OpenDaylight的北向接口实现以下功能
    (1) 利用Mininet平台搭建下图所示网络拓扑,并连接OpenDaylight;

(2) 下发指令删除s1上的流表数据。

创建del.py文件

点击查看代码
import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

if __name__ == '__main__':
    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/operational/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/'
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    response = requests.delete(url=url, headers=headers, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin'))
    print(response.content)

(3) 下发硬超时流表,实现拓扑内主机h1和h3网络中断20s。

timeout.py
#!/usr/bin/python
import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth
if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/config/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/flow-node-inventory:table/0/flow/1'
    with open("./timeout.json") as file:
        str = file.read()
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    res = requests.put(url, str, headers=headers, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin'))
    print (res.content)


timeout.json
{
    "flow": [
        {
        "id": "1",
        "match": {
          "in-port": "1",
          "ethernet-match": {
            "ethernet-type": {
              "type": "0x0800"
            }
            },
          "ipv4-destination": "10.0.0.3/32"
        },
        "instructions": {
          "instruction": [
            {
              "order": "0",
              "apply-actions": {
                "action": [
                    {
                    "order": "0",
                    "drop-action": {}
                    }
                ]
                }
            }
            ]
        },
        "flow-name": "flow",
        "priority": "65535",
        "hard-timeout": "20",
        "cookie": "2",
        "table_id": "0"
        }
    ]
    }

(4) 获取s1上活动的流表数。

创建文件flows.py

点击查看代码
#!/usr/bin/python
import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/operational/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/flow-node-inventory:table/0/opendaylight-flow-table-statistics:flow-table-statistics'
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    res = requests.get(url,headers=headers, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin'))
    print (res.content)

  1. 编写Python程序,调用Ryu的北向接口实现以下功能
    (1) 实现上述OpenDaylight实验拓扑上相同的硬超时流表下发。

ryu_timeout.py(点击查看代码
import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

if __name__ == '__main__':
    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/add'
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    json = open('ryu_timeout.json').read()
    response = requests.post(url, data=json, headers=headers)
    print(response.content)

ryu_timeout.json(点击查看代码
{
    "dpid": 1,
    "cookie": 1,
    "cookie_mask": 1,
    "table_id": 0,
    "hard_timeout": 20,
    "priority": 65535,
    "flags": 1,
    "match":{
        "in_port":1
    },
    "actions":[]
}

(2) 参考Ryu REST API的文档,基于VLAN实验的网络拓扑,编程实现相同的VLAN配置。
提示:拓扑生成后需连接Ryu,且Ryu应能够提供REST API服务

VLAN_ID Hosts
0 h1 h3
1 h2 h4
mytopo.py(点击查看代码
from mininet.topo import Topo

class MyTopo(Topo):

     def __init__(self):
     
         #initilaize topology
         Topo.__init__(self)

         #add hosts 
         h1=self.addHost('h1')
         h2=self.addHost('h2')
         h3=self.addHost('h3')
         h4=self.addHost('h4')
     
         #add Switches
         s1=self.addSwitch('s1')
         s2=self.addSwitch('s2')
     
         #add Links
         self.addLink(h1,s1,1,1) 
         self.addLink(h2,s1,1,2) 
         self.addLink(h3,s2,1,1) 
         self.addLink(h4,s2,1,2) 
         self.addLink(s1,s2,3,3)
     
topos = {'mytopo' : (lambda:MyTopo())}

ryu_vlan.py(点击查看代码
import json
import requests

if __name__ == '__main__':
    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/add'
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    f = open('ryu_vlan.json').read()
    flows = json.loads(f)['flows']
    [requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(flows[i]), headers=headers) for i in range(0, 8)]

ryu_vlan.json(点击查看代码
{
	"flows": [
        {
			"dpid": 1,
			"priority": 1,
			"match": {
				"in_port": 1
			},
			"actions": [{
					"type": "PUSH_VLAN",
					"ethertype": 33024
				},
				{
					"type": "SET_FIELD",
					"field": "vlan_vid",
					"value": 4096
				},
				{
					"type": "OUTPUT",
					"port": 3
				}
			]
		},
		{
			"dpid": 1,
			"priority": 1,
			"match": {
				"in_port": 2
			},
			"actions": [{
					"type": "PUSH_VLAN",
					"ethertype": 33024
				},
				{
					"type": "SET_FIELD",
					"field": "vlan_vid",
					"value": 4097
				},
				{
					"type": "OUTPUT",
					"port": 3
				}
			]
		},
		{
			"dpid": 1,
			"priority": 1,
			"match": {
				"vlan_vid": 0
			},
			"actions": [{
					"type": "POP_VLAN",
					"ethertype": 33024
				},
				{
					"type": "OUTPUT",
					"port": 1
				}
			]
		},
		{
			"dpid": 1,
			"priority": 1,
			"match": {
				"vlan_vid": 1
			},
			"actions": [{
					"type": "POP_VLAN",
					"ethertype": 33024
				},
				{
					"type": "OUTPUT",
					"port": 2
				}
			]
		},
		{
			"dpid": 2,
			"priority": 1,
			"match": {
				"in_port": 1
			},
			"actions": [{
					"type": "PUSH_VLAN",
					"ethertype": 33024
				},
				{
					"type": "SET_FIELD",
					"field": "vlan_vid",
					"value": 4096
				},
				{
					"type": "OUTPUT",
					"port": 3
				}
			]
		}, 
        {
			"dpid": 2,
			"priority": 1,
			"match": {
				"in_port": 2
			},
			"actions": [{
					"type": "PUSH_VLAN",
					"ethertype": 33024
				},
				{
					"type": "SET_FIELD",
					"field": "vlan_vid",
					"value": 4097
				},
				{
					"type": "OUTPUT",
					"port": 3
				}
			]
		},
		{
			"dpid": 2,
			"priority": 1,
			"match": {
				"vlan_vid": 0
			},
			"actions": [{
					"type": "POP_VLAN",
					"ethertype": 33024
				},
				{
					"type": "OUTPUT",
					"port": 1
				}
			]
		},
		{
			"dpid": 2,
			"priority": 1,
			"match": {
				"vlan_vid": 1
			},
			"actions": [{
					"type": "POP_VLAN",
					"ethertype": 33024
				},
				{
					"type": "OUTPUT",
					"port": 2
				}
			]
		}
	]
}


(二)进阶要求

OpenDaylight或Ryu任选其一,编程实现查看前序VLAN实验拓扑中所有节点(含交换机、主机)的名称,以及显示每台交换机的所有流表项。
点击查看代码
import requests
import time
import re


class GetNodes:
    def __init__(self, ip):
        self.ip = ip
        
    def get_switch_id(self):
        url = 'http://' + self.ip + '/stats/switches'
        re_switch_id = requests.get(url=url).json()
        switch_id_hex = []
        for i in re_switch_id:
            switch_id_hex.append(hex(i))

        return switch_id_hex

    def getflow(self):
        url = 'http://' + self.ip + '/stats/flow/%d'
        switch_list = self.get_switch_id()
        ret_flow = []
        for switch in switch_list:
            new_url = format(url % int(switch, 16))
            re_switch_flow = requests.get(url=new_url).json()
            ret_flow.append(re_switch_flow)
        return ret_flow

    def show(self):
        flow_list = self.getflow()
        for flow in flow_list:
            for dpid in flow.keys():
                dp_id = dpid
                switchnum= '{1}'.format(hex(int(dp_id)), int(dp_id))        
                print('s'+switchnum,end = " ")
                switchnum = int(switchnum)
            for list_table in flow.values():
                for table in list_table:          
                    string1 = str(table)
                    if re.search("'dl_vlan': '(.*?)'", string1) is not None:
                        num = re.search("'dl_vlan': '(.*?)'", string1).group(1);
                        if num == '0' and switchnum == 1:
                            print('h1',end = " ")
                        if num == '1' and switchnum == 1:
                            print('h2',end = " ")
                        if num == '0' and switchnum == 2:
                            print('h3',end = " ")
                        if num == '1' and switchnum == 2:
                            print('h4',end = " ")
        print("")
        flow_list = self.getflow()
        for flow in flow_list:
            for dpid in flow.keys():
                dp_id = dpid
                print('switch_name:s{1}'.format(hex(int(dp_id)), int(dp_id)))
            for list_table in flow.values():
                for table in list_table:
                    print(table)
s1 = GetNodes("127.0.0.1:8080")
s1.show()

(三)个人总结

  • 这次的实验大部分都是需要代码实现的,对我来说难度较大,在不断地查阅资料和同学的帮助下,完成了本次实验。
  • 通过这次实验进一步学习到了ODL REST API和Ryu REST API的使用,进一步学习到了ODL和Ryu北向接口的使用。

标签:__,url,self,flow,REST,json,API,SDN,type
From: https://www.cnblogs.com/lzj666/p/16882045.html

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