推荐-centos7安装高版本python3.10

前言

如果在centos7上编译安装python3.7以上版本，ssl功能会出问题，因为python3.7以后需要更高版本的openssl支持，这样的话，就需要提前编译安装高版本的openssl，比如1.1.1系列，这里面可能涉及到一些动态库等一些不常见的操作，如果不熟悉的话，可能会给原生系统带来一定隐患；另外要使用新版本的django和sqlite的话，也会提醒需要高版本的sqlite...

为了避免一些奇奇怪怪的环境依赖问题，可以通过conda安装python高版本，避免后期小问题，也不失为一种讨巧的方法。

环境

CentOS 7.9

安装步骤

miniconda官网地址：https://docs.conda.io/en/latest/miniconda.html

1. 下载安装脚本

wget https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh

2. 运行脚本

sh Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh 

根据提醒操作即可，如下所示：

[root@server-world ~]# sh Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh 

Welcome to Miniconda3 py310_22.11.1-1

In order to continue the installation process, please review the license
agreement.
Please, press ENTER to continue
>>> 
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Do you accept the license terms? [yes|no]
[no] >>> yes

Miniconda3 will now be installed into this location:
/root/miniconda3

  - Press ENTER to confirm the location
  - Press CTRL-C to abort the installation
  - Or specify a different location below

[/root/miniconda3] >>> /usr/local/miniconda3
PREFIX=/usr/local/miniconda3
Unpacking payload ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
Installing base environment...


Downloading and Extracting Packages


Downloading and Extracting Packages

Preparing transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
installation finished.
Do you wish the installer to initialize Miniconda3
by running conda init? [yes|no]
[no] >>> no

You have chosen to not have conda modify your shell scripts at all.
To activate conda's base environment in your current shell session:

eval "$(/usr/local/miniconda3/bin/conda shell.YOUR_SHELL_NAME hook)" 

To install conda's shell functions for easier access, first activate, then:

conda init

If you'd prefer that conda's base environment not be activated on startup, 
   set the auto_activate_base parameter to false: 

conda config --set auto_activate_base false

Thank you for installing Miniconda3!

3. 进入虚拟环境

source /usr/local/miniconda3/bin/activate 

(base) [root@server-world ~]# python -V
Python 3.10.8
(base) [root@server-world ~]# python3 -V
Python 3.10.8
(base) [root@server-world ~]# pip3 -V
pip 22.3.1 from /usr/local/miniconda3/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip (python 3.10)
(base) [root@server-world ~]# sqlite3 -version
3.40.0 2022-11-16 12:10:08 89c459e766ea7e9165d0beeb124708b955a4950d0f4792f457465d71b158d318
(base) [root@server-world ~]# python3
Python 3.10.8 (main, Nov 24 2022, 14:13:03) [GCC 11.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import ssl
>>> ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION
'OpenSSL 1.1.1s  1 Nov 2022'
>>> 

从以上看得出，miniconda已经自动帮我们安装好了高版本的openssl和sqlite3

4. 退出虚拟环境

conda deactivate