SQL EXCEPT 子句用于组合两个SELECT语句,并从第一个SELECT语句返回第二个SELECT语句未返回的行,这意味着EXCEPT仅返回第二行SELECT语句中不可用的行, MySQL不支持EXCEPT运算符。
EXCEPT - 语法
EXCEPT 的基本语法如下。
SELECT column1 [, column2 ] FROM table1 [, table2 ] [WHERE condition] EXCEPT SELECT column1 [, column2 ] FROM table1 [, table2 ] [WHERE condition]
在此,给定条件可以是根据您的要求的任何给定表达式。
EXCEPT - 示例
请考虑以下两个表。
表1 -客户表(CUSTOMERS)如下。
+----+----------+-----+-----------+----------+ | ID | NAME | AGE | ADDRESS | SALARY | +----+----------+-----+-----------+----------+ | 1 | Ramesh | 32 | Ahmedabad | 2000.00 | | 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 | | 3 | kaushik | 23 | Kota | 2000.00 | | 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 | | 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 | | 6 | Komal | 22 | MP | 4500.00 | | 7 | Learnfk | 24 | Indore | 10000.00 | +----+----------+-----+-----------+----------+
表2 -订单表(ORDERS)如下。
+-----+---------------------+-------------+--------+ |OID | DATE | CUSTOMER_ID | AMOUNT | +-----+---------------------+-------------+--------+ | 102 | 2019-10-08 00:00:00 | 3 | 3000 | | 100 | 2019-10-08 00:00:00 | 3 | 1500 | | 101 | 2019-11-20 00:00:00 | 2 | 1560 | | 103 | 2018-05-20 00:00:00 | 4 | 2060 | +-----+---------------------+-------------+--------+
现在,让无涯教程将这两个表连接到SELECT语句中,如下所示。
SQL> SELECT ID, NAME, AMOUNT, DATE FROM CUSTOMERS LEFT JOIN ORDERS ON CUSTOMERS.ID=ORDERS.CUSTOMER_ID EXCEPT SELECT ID, NAME, AMOUNT, DATE FROM CUSTOMERS RIGHT JOIN ORDERS ON CUSTOMERS.ID=ORDERS.CUSTOMER_ID;
这将产生以下输出。
+----+---------+--------+---------------------+ | ID | NAME | AMOUNT | DATE | +----+---------+--------+---------------------+ | 1 | Ramesh | NULL | NULL | | 5 | Hardik | NULL | NULL | | 6 | Komal | NULL | NULL | | 7 | Learnfk | NULL | NULL | +----+---------+--------+---------------------+
参考链接
https://www.learnfk.com/sql/sql-except-clause.html
标签:00,Clause,ORDERS,EXCEPT,无涯,NULL,ID,SELECT From: https://blog.51cto.com/u_14033984/9289444