MariaDB VS MySQL 2023年技术总结

MariaDB Server

MySQL

Protocols

MySQL protocol, MariaDB Server extensions

MySQL protocol over port 3306, X Protocol over port 33060

Community – Source Code

Open Source

Open Source

Community – Development

Open Source, contributions via the new BSD license or signing the MariaDB Contributor Agreement (MCA)

Open Source, contributions via signing the Oracle Contributor Agreement (OCA)

Community – Collaboration

Mailing list, bugs system (Jira), IRC channel

Mailing list, forums, bugs system

Core – Replication

MariaDB Server replication, with own GTID, compatible only if MariaDB Server is a slave to MySQL, not vice versa

MySQL replication with GTID

Core – Routing

MariaDB MaxScale (Business Source License)

MySQL Router (GPLv2)

Core – Partitioning

Standard, with extra engines like SPIDER/CONNECT that offer varying levels of support

Standard

Tool – Editing

Webyog’s SQLYog for Microsoft Windows (MySQL Workbench notes an incompatible server)

MySQL Workbench for Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux

Tool – Monitoring

Webyog’s Monyog

MySQL Enterprise Monitor

Scalability – Client Connections

Open Source Threadpool

MySQL Enterprise Threadpool

Scalability – Clustering

MariaDB Enterprise Cluster (based on Galera Cluster)

MySQL Group Replication

Security – Encryption

Tablespace and table data-at-rest encryption. Amazon KMS, binlog/redo/tmp file with Aria tablespace encryption

Tablespace data-at-rest encryption. Amazon KMS, Oracle Vault Enterprise Edition

Security – Data Masking

MariaDB MaxScale data masking

ProxySQL data masking

Security – Firewall

MariaDB MaxScale Firewall

MySQL Enterprise Firewall

Security – Auditing

MariaDB Audit Plugin (OSS)

MySQL Enterprise Audit Plugin

Analytics

MariaDB ColumnStore

No

SQL – Common Table Expressions

Present in MariaDB Server 10.2

In-development for MySQL 8.0 (now a release candidate)

SQL – Window Functions

Present in MariaDB Server 10.2

In-development for MySQL 8.0 (now a release candidate)

Temporal – Log-based rollback

In development for MariaDB Server 10.3

No

Temporal – system versioned tables

In development for MariaDB Server 10.3

No

JSON

No JSON Data Type, 26 functions

JSON Data type, 21 functions

Official client connectors

C (libmariadbclient), Java, ODBC

C (libmysqlclient), Java, ODBC, .NET, Node.js, Python, C++, mysqlnd for PHP

Usability – CJK Language support

No

Gb18030, ngram & MeCab for InnoDB full-text search

Monitoring – PERFORMANCE _SCHEMA

Instrumentation from MySQL 5.6, sys schema not included

Thorough instrumentation in 5.7, sys schema included

Security – Password authentication

ed25519 (incompatible with sha256_password)

sha256_password (with caching_sha2_password in 8.0)

Security – Secure out of the box

No

validate_password on by default, to choose a strong password at the start

Usability – Syntax differences

SHOW EXPLAIN FOR

EXPLAIN FOR CONNECTION

Optimiser – Optimiser Tracing

No

Yes

Optimiser – Optimiser Hints

No

Yes

DBA – Super readonly mode

No

Yes

Security – Password expiry

No

Yes

Security – Password last changed? Password lifetime?

No

Yes

Security – VALIDATE_PASSWORD _STRENGTH()

No

Yes

Security – ACCOUNT LOCK/UNLOCK

No

Yes

Usability – Query Rewriting

No

Yes

GIS – GeoJSON & GeoHash functionality

Incomplete

Yes

Security – mysql_ssl_rsa_setup

No (setup SSL connections manually)

Yes

MySQL Utilities

No

Yes

Backup locks

No

No (in development for 8.0)

Purpose

MySQL

Percona Server for MySQL

Monitoring

MySQL Enterprise Monitor

Percona Monitoring & Management (PMM) (100% open source)

Backup

MySQL Enterprise Backup

Percona XtraBackup

SQL Management

MySQL Workbench

MySQL Workbench

Load Balancing & Routing

MySQL Router

ProxySQL