MySQL 5.7.36安装

文档课题：MySQL 5.7.36安装
系统：rhel 7.9 64位
安装包：mysql-5.7.36-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
1、安装
1.1、创建目录和用户
[root@leo-mysql01 ~]# mkdir -p /mysql/data
[root@leo-mysql01 ~]# mkdir -p /mysql/binlog
[root@leo-mysql01 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/mysql
[root@leo-mysql01 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/logs
[root@leo-mysql01 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mysql/
[root@leo-mysql01 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /opt
[root@leo-mysql01 ~]# su - mysql
[mysql@leo-mysql01 ~]$ mkdir etc

1.2、关闭防火墙
[root@leo-mysql01 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@leo-mysql01 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld

1.3、文件处理
sftp> lcd F:\installmedium\mysql\MySQL-5.7.36
sftp> pwd
/root
sftp> cd /opt
sftp> put mysql-5.7.36-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@leo-mysql01 ~]# cd /opt
[root@leo-mysql01 opt]# chown mysql:mysql mysql-5.7.36-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@leo-mysql01 opt]# su - mysql
[mysql@leo-mysql01 ~]$ cd /opt
[mysql@leo-mysql01 opt]$ tar -zxf mysql-5.7.36-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
[mysql@leo-mysql01 opt]$ mv mysql-5.7.36-el7-x86_64 mysql5.7
1.4、修改配置文件
[mysql@leo-mysql01 opt]$ cd /home/mysql/etc
[mysql@leo-mysql01 etc]$ vi my.cnf
添加如下：
[mysqld]
port                                      = 3306
basedir                                   = /opt/mysql5.7
datadir                                   = /mysql/data
socket                                    = /mysql/data/mysql.sock
log-error                                 = /opt/logs/mysql01_error.log
pid_file                                  = /mysql/data/mysql.pid
character-set-server                      = utf8
slow_query_log                            = 1
long_query_time                           = 0.1
slow_query_log_file                       = /mysql/data/mysql_slow.log

1.5、初始化数据库
[mysql@leo-mysql01 bin]$ ./mysqld --defaults-file=/home/mysql/etc/my.cnf --initialize-insecure --user=mysql

说明：使用--initialize-insecure参数后，告警日志中不会产生初始密码.

1.6、设置开机自启
[root@leo-mysql01 ~]# cd /opt/mysql5.7/support-files/
[root@leo-mysql01 support-files]# ls -ltr
total 24
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql   773 Sep  7  2021 magic
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql 10576 Sep  7  2021 mysql.server
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql   894 Sep  7  2021 mysql-log-rotate
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql  1061 Sep  7  2021 mysqld_multi.server
[root@leo-mysql01 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@leo-mysql01 support-files]# ls -ltr /etc/init.d/mysqld
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 10576 Dec 24 14:46 /etc/init.d/mysqld
开机自启
[root@leo-mysql01 support-files]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@leo-mysql01 support-files]# systemctl start mysqld

1.8、处理Path
[mysql@leo-mysql01 ~]$ vim .bash_profile
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

export PATH
export PATH=/opt/mysql5.7/bin:$PATH
[mysql@leo-mysql01 ~]$ source .bash_profile

2、开启数据库
[mysql@leo-mysql01 ~]$ mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/home/mysql/etc/my.cnf &
[mysql@leo-mysql01 ~]$ ps -ef|grep mysql
avahi       813      1  0 13:26 ?        00:00:00 avahi-daemon: running [leo-mysql01.local]
root      58314  58071  0 14:24 pts/2    00:00:00 su - mysql
mysql     58315  58314  0 14:24 pts/2    00:00:00 -bash
root      58749  58643  0 14:47 pts/2    00:00:00 su - mysql
mysql     58750  58749  0 14:47 pts/2    00:00:00 -bash
root      58808  58597  0 14:49 pts/1    00:00:00 su - mysql
mysql     58809  58808  0 14:49 pts/1    00:00:00 -bash
root      58874  58750  0 14:50 pts/2    00:00:00 su - mysql
mysql     58880  58874  0 14:50 pts/2    00:00:00 -bash
mysql     58930  58809  0 14:51 pts/1    00:00:00 tail -500f mysql01_error.log
mysql     58935  58880  0 14:51 pts/2    00:00:00 /bin/sh /opt/mysql5.7/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/home/mysql/etc/my.cnf
mysql     59124  58935  1 14:51 pts/2    00:00:00 /opt/mysql5.7/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/home/mysql/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/opt/mysql5.7 --datadir=/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/opt/mysql5.7/lib/plugin --log-error=/opt/logs/mysql01_error.log --pid-file=/mysql/data/mysql.pid --socket=/mysql/data/mysql.sock --port=3306
mysql     59152  58880  0 14:51 pts/2    00:00:00 ps -ef
mysql     59153  58880  0 14:51 pts/2    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql

3、修改密码&授予外部连接权限
[mysql@leo-mysql01 ~]$ ln -s /mysql/data/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysql@leo-mysql01 ~]$ mysql -uroot -p -P 3306                     
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.36-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+---------------+-----------+
| user          | host      |
+---------------+-----------+
| mysql.session | localhost |
| mysql.sys     | localhost |
| root          | localhost |
+---------------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified with mysql_native_password by 'mysql_4U';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'mysql_4U' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

4、navicat连接mysql