前面已经介绍了如何利用SQL的 SELECT 命令配合 WHERE 子句来获取 MySQL 表中的数据,但假如尝试给出一个条件,将字段或列值与 NULL 比对,则会出现异常。
为了处理这种情况,MySQL提供了三个运算符-
IS NULL - 如果列值为NULL,则此运算符返回true。
IS NOT NULL - 如果列值不为NULL,则此运算符返回true。
<=> - 该运算符比较值(与=运算符不同),即使对于两个NULL值也是如此。
命令行NULL值
假设Learnfk数据库中有一个名为 tcount_tbl 的表,它包含两列,即 tutorial_author 和 tutorial_count ,其中NULL tutorial_count表示值未知。
root@host# mysql -u root -p password; Enter password:******* mysql> use Learnfk; Database changed mysql> create table tcount_tbl -> ( -> tutorial_author varchar(40) NOT NULL, -> tutorial_count INT -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> INSERT INTO tcount_tbl -> (tutorial_author, tutorial_count) values ('mahran', 20); mysql> INSERT INTO tcount_tbl -> (tutorial_author, tutorial_count) values ('mahnaz', NULL); mysql> INSERT INTO tcount_tbl -> (tutorial_author, tutorial_count) values ('Jen', NULL); mysql> INSERT INTO tcount_tbl -> (tutorial_author, tutorial_count) values ('Gill', 20); mysql> SELECT * from tcount_tbl; +-----------------+----------------+ | tutorial_author | tutorial_count | +-----------------+----------------+ | mahran | 20 | | mahnaz | NULL | | Jen | NULL | | Gill | 20 | +-----------------+----------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
您可以看到=和!= 不适用于NULL值,如下所示-
mysql> SELECT * FROM tcount_tbl WHERE tutorial_count = NULL; Empty set (0.00 sec) mysql> SELECT * FROM tcount_tbl WHERE tutorial_count != NULL; Empty set (0.01 sec)
要查找tutorial_count列为NULL或不为NULL的记录,应按以下程序所示编写查询。
mysql> SELECT * FROM tcount_tbl -> WHERE tutorial_count IS NULL; +-----------------+----------------+ | tutorial_author | tutorial_count | +-----------------+----------------+ | mahnaz | NULL | | Jen | NULL | +-----------------+----------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SELECT * from tcount_tbl -> WHERE tutorial_count IS NOT NULL; +-----------------+----------------+ | tutorial_author | tutorial_count | +-----------------+----------------+ | mahran | 20 | | Gill | 20 | +-----------------+----------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
参考链接
https://www.learnfk.com/mysql/mysql-null-values.html
标签:count,tcount,MySQL,无涯,tbl,mysql,NULL,tutorial From: https://blog.51cto.com/u_14033984/8584043