MySQL8 下载地址
访问 https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
版本选择8.0.32, 操作系统选择Linux-Generic, 操作系统版本选择 Linux-Generic(glibc2.17)(x86,64-bit);
选择Compressed TAR Archive, Minimal Install 点击下载，或者使用下面的URL直接下载
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-8.0/mysql-8.0.32-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64-minimal.tar.xz
环境约定
组件版本
OS: Debian11.7
MySQL: 8.0.32
安装路径
应用目录: /app/mysql
数据目录: /var/lib/mysql
日志目录: /var/log/mysql
PID目录: /var/run/mysql
系统初始化以及优化的过程请浏览 debian11系统初始化
安装MySQL8
上传安装包或者在服务器上直接下载
cd /tmp
wget -c https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-8.0/mysql-8.0.32-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64-minimal.tar.xz
xz -d mysql-8.0.32-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64-minimal.tar.xz
tar -xf mysql-8.0.32-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64-minimal.tar
mv mysql-8.0.32-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64-minimal mysql
准备环境
我们需要做以下工作，手动创建MySQL服务用户和所需要的目录并设置正确的权限，安装需要的lib库
apt update
apt install -y vim wget xz tar libsuma1 psmisc libaio1 libnuma1 libatomic1 libmecab2 libncurses5
groupadd -r mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -c 'MySQL Server Account' -s /sbin/nologin -d /var/lib/mysql -M mysql
mkdir -p /app
mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql
mkdir -p /var/log/mysql
mkdir -p /var/run/mysql
mv /tmp/mysql /app
chown -Rf mysql:mysql /app/mysql /var/lib/mysql /var/log/mysql /var/run/mysql
配置my.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf, 增加如下内容，其中注释的内容根据自己的需求进行调整
[mysqld]
basedir=/app/mysql
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default_password_lifetime = 0
max_allowed_packet = 128M
max_connections = 5000
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_bin
bind-address=0.0.0.0
port=3306
federated
#skip-log-bin
#skip-mysqlx
#skip-ssl
skip-name-resolve
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 4G
innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_files_in_group=2
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=75
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT
innodb_read_io_threads=8
innodb_write_io_threads=10
innodb_thread_concurrency=32
innodb_io_capacity=5000
read_buffer_size=8M
read_rnd_buffer_size=8M
sort_buffer_size=8M
join_buffer_size=4M
tmp_table_size=16M
thread_cache_size = 16
open_files_limit = 65535
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
log_bin_trust_function_creators = 0
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
table_open_cache = 64
net_buffer_length = 8K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
lower_case_table_names=1
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M
group_concat_max_len = 204800
symbolic-links=0
log_timestamps=SYSTEM
log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysql.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid
slow-query-log=On
slow_query_log_file=/var/log/mysql/slow-query.log
[mysql]
auto-rehash
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
初始化MySQL
/app/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/app/mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid --initialize
配置服务启动文件
我们使用systemd管理mysql服务启动与停止
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service，添加服务启动文件，写入以下内容
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
After=network.target networking.service syslog.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
Type=forking
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mkdir -p /var/run/mysql
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chown mysql:mysql /var/run/mysql
ExecStart=/app/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid
PIDFile=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid
TimeoutSec=0
PermissionsStartOnly=true
LimitNOFILE = 5000
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
PrivateTmp=false
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
执行 systemctl enable --now mysqld.service 启动服务同时可以将服务添加到开机自启
查看默认root用户的密码
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysql/mysql.log