前言

Android 监听短信的方式有两种

1、监听短信数据库，数据库发生改变时回调。

2、监听短信广播

其中第二种方式由于国内各厂家的定制Android 可能导致无响应 目前测试 魅族 无法监听到短信广播

本文介绍第一种方式监听短信

一、创建Service前台服务

package com.iwhalecloud.demo.SMS;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationChannel;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.database.ContentObserver;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
import com.iwhalecloud.demo.MainActivity;
import com.iwhalecloud.demo.R;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import okhttp3.FormBody;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.RequestBody;
import okhttp3.Response;

public class MyService extends Service {
	private static final String TAG = MyService.class.getSimpleName();
    private SMSContentObserver smsObserver;
    public String phoneNo = "";
    public String httpUrl = "";

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return new MyBinder();
    }
    public class MyBinder extends Binder {
        /**
         * 获取当前Service的实例
         * @return
         */
        public MyService getService(){
            return MyService.this;
        }
    }

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        //注册观察者
        smsObserver = new SMSContentObserver(MyService.this,new Handler());
        getContentResolver().registerContentObserver(Uri.parse("content://sms"), true, smsObserver);
    }

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        phoneNo=intent.getStringExtra("phoneNum");
        httpUrl=intent.getStringExtra("httpUrl");
        startForeground(100,getNotification("服务运行中...","正在监听号码:"+phoneNo+",保持应用后台运行..."));
        return START_STICKY;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        getContentResolver().unregisterContentObserver(smsObserver);
    }

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
    private Notification getNotification(String title, String message){
        NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

        // 唯一的通知通道的id.
        String notificationChannelId = "notification_channel_id_01";
        // Android8.0以上的系统，新建消息通道
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
            //用户可见的通道名称
            String channelName = "Foreground Service Notification";
            //通道的重要程度
            int importance = NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH;
            NotificationChannel notificationChannel = new NotificationChannel(notificationChannelId, channelName, importance);
            notificationChannel.setDescription("Channel description");
            //LED灯
            notificationChannel.enableLights(false);
            //震动
            notificationChannel.enableVibration(false);
            if (notificationManager != null) {
                notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(notificationChannel);
            }
        }

        NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, notificationChannelId);
        //通知小图标
        builder.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
        //通知标题
        builder.setContentTitle(title);
        //通知内容
        builder.setContentText(message);
        //设定通知显示的时间
        builder.setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis());
        //设定启动的内容
        Intent clickIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);
        //点击回到活动主页 而不是创建新主页
        clickIntent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER);
        clickIntent.setComponent(new ComponentName(this,MainActivity.class));
        clickIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_RESET_TASK_IF_NEEDED);
        PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 1, clickIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
        builder.setContentIntent(pendingIntent);

        //创建通知并返回
        return builder.build();
    }
    @SuppressLint("Range")
    private  void setSmsCode() {
        Toast.makeText(MyService.this,phoneNo+":"+httpUrl,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        Cursor cursor = null;
        // 添加异常捕捉
        try {
            cursor = getContentResolver().query(
                    Uri.parse("content://sms"),
                    new String[] { "_id", "address", "body", "date" },
                    null, null, "date desc"); //
            if (cursor != null) {
                cursor.moveToFirst();
                final long smsdate = Long.parseLong(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("date")));
                final long nowdate = System.currentTimeMillis();
                Toast.makeText(MyService.this,nowdate+":"+smsdate+"===="+ (nowdate - smsdate),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
//                 如果当前时间和短信时间间隔超过60秒,认为这条短信无效
                final String strAddress = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("address"));    // 短信号码
                final String strBody = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("body"));          // 在这里获取短信信息
                Toast.makeText(MyService.this,"strAddress:"+strAddress,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                Toast.makeText(MyService.this,"strBody:"+strBody,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                if (nowdate - smsdate > 60 * 1000) {
                    Log.i(TAG, "短信过期");
                    Toast.makeText(MyService.this,"短信过期",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    return;
                }

                final int smsid = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("_id"));
                if (TextUtils.isEmpty(strAddress) || TextUtils.isEmpty(strBody)) {
                    return;
                }
                Log.i(TAG, "phoneNo: "+phoneNo);
                Log.i(TAG, "httpUrl: "+httpUrl);
                if (strAddress.equals(phoneNo)){
                    Log.i(TAG, "是我想要的号码");
                    Toast.makeText(MyService.this,strAddress+":"+strBody,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    Pattern continuousNumberPattern = Pattern.compile("(?<![0-9])([0-9]{6})(?![0-9])");
                    Matcher m = continuousNumberPattern.matcher(strBody);
                    String dynamicPassword = "";
                    while (m.find()) {
                        dynamicPassword = m.group();
                    }
                    //连接http服务
                    String finalDynamicPassword = dynamicPassword;
                    new Thread(new Runnable() {
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            OkHttpClient mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
                            try {
                                RequestBody requestBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("code", finalDynamicPassword).build();
                                Request request = new Request.Builder().url(httpUrl).post(requestBody).build();
                                Response response = mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();//发送请求
                                String result = response.body().string();
                                Log.d(TAG, "result: " + result);
                            } catch (IOException e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                        }
                    }).start();
                    Log.i(TAG, "onReceiveSms: "+ dynamicPassword);
                }
            }else {
                Toast.makeText(MyService.this,"cursor 为 NULL",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }catch (Exception e) {
            Toast.makeText(MyService.this,"出错了::::"+e.getMessage(),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        finally {
            Toast.makeText(MyService.this, String.valueOf(cursor != null),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            if (cursor != null) {
                cursor.close();
            }
        }
    }
    public class SMSContentObserver extends ContentObserver {
        private static final int MSG = 1;
        private int flag = 0;
        private Context mContext;
        private Handler mHandler;
        public SMSContentObserver(Context mContext,
                                  Handler mHandler) {
            super(mHandler);
            this.mContext = mContext;
            this.mHandler = mHandler;
        }
        @Override
        public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            super.onChange(selfChange);
            //onchange调用两次  过滤掉一次
            if (flag%2 == 1){
                setSmsCode();
            }
            flag++;
        }
    }
    
}

二、主界面（参考）

package com.iwhalecloud.demo;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.ToggleButton;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import com.iwhalecloud.demo.SMS.MyService;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {


    private static final String TAG = "CC";
    final private int REQUEST_CODE_ASK_PERMISSIONS = 1;
    private boolean serviceFlag = false;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        SharedPreferences read = getSharedPreferences("info", MODE_PRIVATE);
        String phoneNum = "10659874";
        String httpUrl= "";
        if (read.getString("phoneNum",null)!=null){
            phoneNum = read.getString("phoneNum",null);
        }
        if (read.getString("httpUrl",null)!=null){
            httpUrl = read.getString("httpUrl",null);
        }
        TextView v1 = findViewById(R.id.editText1);
        TextView v2 = findViewById(R.id.editText2);
        v1.setText(phoneNum);
        v2.setText(httpUrl);
        ToggleButton tb = findViewById(R.id.button);
        tb.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                TextView pn = findViewById(R.id.editText1);
                TextView httpUrl = findViewById(R.id.editText2);
                if (tb.isChecked()){
                    Intent service = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), MyService.class);
                    SharedPreferences.Editor editor = getSharedPreferences("info",MODE_PRIVATE).edit();
                    editor.putString("phoneNum",pn.getText().toString());
                    editor.putString("httpUrl",httpUrl.getText().toString());
                    editor.apply();
                    service.putExtra("phoneNum",pn.getText().toString());
                    service.putExtra("httpUrl",httpUrl.getText().toString());
                    if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
                        MainActivity.this.startService(service);
                    }
                    pn.setEnabled(false);
                    httpUrl.setEnabled(false);
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"服务开启",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }else {
                    Intent service = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), MyService.class);
                    MainActivity.this.stopService(service);
                    pn.setEnabled(true);
                    httpUrl.setEnabled(true);
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"服务停止",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }
        });
        if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            int hasReadSmsPermission = checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.READ_SMS);
            if (hasReadSmsPermission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_SMS}, REQUEST_CODE_ASK_PERMISSIONS);
                return;
            }
        }
    }


    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Intent service = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), MyService.class);
        this.stopService(service);
    }
}

三、Main.XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/editText1"
        android:layout_width="295dp"
        android:layout_height="58dp"
        android:hint="监听电话号码"
        android:textColorHint="#95A1AA"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.465"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.469" />

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/editText2"
        android:layout_width="295dp"
        android:layout_height="58dp"
        android:text="http://10.0.2.2:8888/api/test/t1"
        android:hint="验证码请求接口"
        android:textColorHint="#95A1AA"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.45"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.595" />

    <ToggleButton
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textOn="停止服务"
        android:textOff="启动服务"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.498"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/editText1"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.495" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

四、清单文件

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <application 
    	....
    	....>
    <service
            android:name=".SMS.MyService"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="false" />
    </application>