Java实例化静态字段及静态块

首先，示例来自Bruce Eckel的《On Java》：

// housekeeping/ExplicitStatic.java
// (c)2021 MindView LLC: see Copyright.txt
// We make no guarantees that this code is fit for any purpose.
// Visit http://OnJava8.com for more book information.
// Explicit static initialization with "static" clause

class Cup {
  Cup(int marker) {
    System.out.println("Cup(" + marker + ")");
  }
  void f(int marker) {
    System.out.println("f(" + marker + ")");
  }
}

class Cups {
  static Cup cup1;
  static Cup cup2;
  
  Cups() {
    System.out.println("Cups()");
  }
  //add new static field
  static Cup cup3 = new Cup(3);
  static {
    cup1 = new Cup(1);
    cup2 = new Cup(2);
  }
}

public class ExplicitStatic {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.out.println("Inside main()");
    Cups.cup1.f(99);                  // [1]
  }
   static Cups cups1 = new Cups();  // [2]
   static Cups cups2 = new Cups();  // [2]
}
/* Output:
// Inside main()
// Cup(1)
// Cup(2)
// f(99)
Cup(3)
Cup(1)
Cup(2)
Cups()
Cups()
Inside main()
f(99)
*/

 说明：按照实例化的语句顺序进行实例化，不是按照定义的顺序。另外，实例化顺序为：先静态->再动态->再构造函数，这样顺序进行。