1. 实验任务1
button.hpp
1 #pragma once
2 #include <iostream>
3 #include <string>
4 using std::string;
5 using std::cout;
6 // 按钮类
7 class Button {
8 public:
9 Button(const string& text);
10 string get_label() const;
11 void click();
12 private:
13 string label;
14 };
15 Button::Button(const string& text) : label{ text } {
16 }
17 inline string Button::get_label() const {
18 return label;
19 }
20 void Button::click() {
21 cout << "Button '" << label << "' clicked\n";
22 }
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window.hpp
1 #pragma once
2 #include "button.hpp"
3 #include <vector>
4 #include <iostream>
5 using std::vector;
6 using std::cout;
7 using std::endl;
8 // 窗口类
9 class Window {
10 public:
11 Window(const string& win_title);
12 void display() const;
13 void close();
14 void add_button(const string& label);
15 private:
16 string title;
17 vector<Button> buttons;
18 };
19 Window::Window(const string& win_title) : title{ win_title } {
20 buttons.push_back(Button("close"));
21 }
22 inline void Window::display() const {
23 string s(40, '*');
24 cout << s << endl;
25 cout << "window title: " << title << endl;
26 cout << "It has " << buttons.size() << " buttons: " << endl;
27 for (const auto& i : buttons)
28 cout << i.get_label() << " button" << endl;
29 cout << s << endl;
30 }
31 void Window::close() {
32 cout << "close window '" << title << "'" << endl;
33 buttons.at(0).click();
34 }
35 void Window::add_button(const string& label) {
36 buttons.push_back(Button(label));
37 }
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task1.cpp
1 #include "window.hpp"
2 #include <iostream>
3 using std::cout;
4 using std::cin;
5 void test() {
6 Window w1("new window");
7 w1.add_button("maximize");
8 w1.display();
9 w1.close();
10 }
11 int main() {
12 cout << "用组合类模拟简单GUI:\n";
13 test();
14 }
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1 #include<iostream>
2 #include<vector>
3
4 using namespace std;
5 void output1(const vector<int>& v) {
6 for (auto& i : v)
7 cout << i << ",";
8 cout << "\b\b \n";
9 }
10
11 void output2(const vector<vector<int>>v) {
12 for (auto& i : v) {
13 for (auto& j : i)
14 cout << j << ", ";
15 cout << "\b\b \n";
16 }
17 }
18 void test1() {
19 vector<int>v1(5, 42);
20 const vector<int>v2(v1);
21
22 v1.at(0) = -999;
23 cout << "v1: "; output1(v1);
24 cout << "v2: "; output1(v2);
25 cout << "v1.at(0) = " << v1.at(0) << endl;
26 cout << "v2.at(0) = " << v2.at(0) << endl;
27 }
28 void test2() {
29 vector<vector<int>>v1{ {1,2,3},{4,5,6,7} };
30 const vector<vector<int>>v2(v1);
31
32 v1.at(0).push_back(-999);
33 cout << "v1: \n"; output2(v1);
34 cout << "v2: \n"; output2(v2);
35
36 vector<int>t1 = v1.at(0);
37 cout << t1.at(t1.size() - 1) << endl;
38 const vector<int> t2 = v2.at(0);
39 cout << t2.at(t2.size() - 1) << endl;
40 }
41 int main() {
42 cout << "测试1:\n";
43 test1();
44 cout << "\n测试2:\n";
45 test2();
46 }
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问题1：测试1模块中，这三行代码的功能分别是？
初始化v1为42,42,42,42,42；用v1初始化v2；将v1的第一个数改成-999； 问题2：测试2模块中，这三行代码的功能分别是？ 初始化v1为有三个vector类成员的vector型数组；用v1初始化v2;在v1的第一个vector成员中加入-999作为该成员的第四个成员； 问题3：测试2模块中，这四行代码的功能分别是？ 用v1的第一个成员初始化t1；输出t1的最后一个成员；用v2的第一个成员初始化t2；输出t2的最后一个成员； 问题4：根据执行结果，反向分析、推断： ① 标准库模板类vector内部封装的复制构造函数，其实现机制是深复制还是浅复制？ 深复制 ② 模板类vector的接口at(), 是否至少需要提供一个const成员函数作为接口？ 1个 3. 实验任务3 vectorInt.hpp
1 #pragma once
2 #include <iostream>
3 #include <cassert>
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6 // 动态int数组对象类
7 class vectorInt {
8 public:
9 vectorInt(int n);
10 vectorInt(int n, int value);
11 vectorInt(const vectorInt& vi);
12 ~vectorInt();
13
14 int& at(int index);
15 const int& at(int index) const;
16
17 vectorInt& assign(const vectorInt& v);
18 int get_size()const;
19
20 private:
21 int size;
22 int* ptr;
23 };
24 vectorInt::vectorInt(int n) : size{ n }, ptr{ new int[size] } {
25 }
26 vectorInt::vectorInt(int n, int value) : size{ n }, ptr{ new int[size] } {
27 for (auto i = 0; i < size; ++i)
28 ptr[i] = value;
29 }
30 vectorInt::vectorInt(const vectorInt& vi) : size{ vi.size }, ptr{ new int[size] }
31 {
32 for (auto i = 0; i < size; ++i)
33 ptr[i] = vi.ptr[i];
34 }
35 vectorInt::~vectorInt() {
36 delete[] ptr;
37 }
38 const int& vectorInt::at(int index)const {
39 assert(index >= 0 && index < size);
40
41 return ptr[index];
42 }
43 int& vectorInt::at(int index){
44 assert(index >= 0 && index < size);
45
46 return ptr[index];
47 }
48 vectorInt& vectorInt::assign(const vectorInt& v) {
49 delete[]ptr;
50
51 size = v.size;
52 ptr = new int[size];
53
54 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
55 ptr[i] = v.ptr[i];
56
57 return *this;
58 }
59 int vectorInt::get_size() const {
60 return size;
61 }
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task3.cpp
1 #include "vectorInt.hpp"
2 #include<iostream>
3
4 using namespace std;
5
6 void output(const vectorInt &vi) {
7 for (auto i = 0; i < vi.get_size(); ++i)
8 cout << vi.at(i) << ", ";
9 cout << "\b\b \n";
10 }
11 void test1() {
12 int n;
13 cout << "Enter n:";
14 cin >> n;
15
16 vectorInt x1(n);
17 for (auto i = 0; i < n; i++)
18 x1.at(i) = i * i;
19 cout << "x1:"; output(x1);
20
21 vectorInt x2(n, 42);
22 vectorInt x3(x2);
23 x2.at(0) = -999;
24 cout << "x2:"; output(x2);
25 cout << "x3:"; output(x3);
26
27 }
28 void test2() {
29 const vectorInt x(5, 42);
30 vectorInt y(10, 0);
31
32 cout << "y: "; output(y);
33 y.assign(x);
34 cout << "y: "; output(y);
35 cout << "x.at(0) = " << x.at(0) << endl;
36 cout << "y.at(0) = " << y.at(0) << endl;
37 }
38 int main() {
39 cout << "测试1: \n";
40 test1();
41 cout << "\n测试2: \n";
42 test2();
43 }
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1 #pragma once
2 #include <iostream>
3 #include <cassert>
4 using std::cout;
5 using std::endl;
6 // 类Matrix的声明
7 class Matrix {
8 public:
9 Matrix(int n, int m); // 构造函数，构造一个n*m的矩阵, 初始值为value
10 Matrix(int n); // 构造函数，构造一个n*n的矩阵, 初始值为value
11 Matrix(const Matrix& x); // 复制构造函数， 使用已有的矩阵X构造
12 ~Matrix();
13 void set(const double* pvalue); // 用pvalue指向的连续内存块数据按行为矩阵赋值
14 void clear(); // 把矩阵对象的值置0
15 const double& at(int i, int j) const; // 返回矩阵对象索引(i,j)的元素const引用
16 double& at(int i, int j); // 返回矩阵对象索引(i,j)的元素引用
17 int get_lines() const; // 返回矩阵对象行数
18 int get_cols() const; // 返回矩阵对象列数
19 void display() const; // 按行显示矩阵对象元素值
20 private:
21 int lines; // 矩阵对象内元素行数
22 int cols; // 矩阵对象内元素列数
23 double* ptr;
24 };
25 // 类Matrix的实现：待补足
26 Matrix::Matrix(int n, int m) :lines{ n }, cols{ m } {
27 ptr = new double[n * m]();
28 }
29 Matrix::Matrix(int n) :Matrix(n, n){}
30 Matrix::Matrix(const Matrix& x) :lines{ x.lines }, cols{ x.cols }{
31 delete[] ptr;
32
33 ptr = new double[lines * cols];
34 for (int i = 0; i < lines * cols; ++i)
35 ptr[i] = x.ptr[i];
36 }
37 Matrix::~Matrix() {
38 delete[] ptr;
39 }
40 void Matrix::set(const double* pvalue) {
41 for (int i = 0; i < lines; ++i) {
42 for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
43 ptr[i * cols + j] = pvalue[i * cols + j];
44 }
45 }
46 }
47 void Matrix::clear() {
48 std::fill(ptr, ptr + lines * cols, 0);
49 }
50 const double& Matrix::at(int i, int j) const {
51 assert(i >= 0 && i < lines && j >= 0 && j < cols);
52 return ptr[i * cols + j];
53 }
54 double& Matrix::at(int i, int j) {
55 assert(i >= 0 && i < lines && j >= 0 && j < cols);
56 return ptr[i * cols + j];
57 }
58 int Matrix::get_lines() const {
59 return lines;
60 }
61
62 int Matrix::get_cols() const {
63 return cols;
64 }
65 void Matrix::display() const {
66 for (int i = 0; i < lines; ++i) {
67 for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
68 cout << ptr[i * cols + j] << " ";
69 }
70 cout << endl;
71 }
72 }
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task4.cpp
1 #include "matrix.hpp"
2 #include <iostream>
3 #include <cassert>
4 using std::cin;
5 using std::cout;
6 using std::endl;
7 const int N = 1000;
8 // 输出矩阵对象索引为index所在行的所有元素
9 void output(const Matrix& m, int index) {
10 assert(index >= 0 && index < m.get_lines());
11 for (auto j = 0; j < m.get_cols(); ++j)
12 cout << m.at(index, j) << ", ";
13 cout << "\b\b \n";
14 }
15 void test1() {
16 double x[1000] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
17 int n, m;
18 cout << "Enter n and m: ";
19 cin >> n >> m;
20 Matrix m1(n, m); // 创建矩阵对象m1, 大小n×m
21 m1.set(x); // 用一维数组x的值按行为矩阵m1赋值
22 Matrix m2(m, n); // 创建矩阵对象m1, 大小m×n
23 m2.set(x); // 用一维数组x的值按行为矩阵m1赋值
24 Matrix m3(2); // 创建一个2×2矩阵对象
25 m3.set(x); // 用一维数组x的值按行为矩阵m4赋值
26 cout << "矩阵对象m1: \n"; m1.display(); cout << endl;
27 cout << "矩阵对象m2: \n"; m2.display(); cout << endl;
28 cout << "矩阵对象m3: \n"; m3.display(); cout << endl;
29 }
30 void test2() {
31 Matrix m1(2, 3);
32 m1.clear();
33 const Matrix m2(m1);
34 m1.at(0, 0) = -999;
35 cout << "m1.at(0, 0) = " << m1.at(0, 0) << endl;
36 cout << "m2.at(0, 0) = " << m2.at(0, 0) << endl;
37 cout << "矩阵对象m1第0行: "; output(m1, 0);
38 cout << "矩阵对象m2第0行: "; output(m2, 0);
39 }
40 int main() {
41 cout << "测试1: \n";
42 test1();
43 cout << "测试2: \n";
44 test2();
45 }
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5. 实验任务5 user.hpp
1 #pragma once
2 #include<iostream>
3 #include<string>
4 #include<vector>
5
6 using namespace std;
7 class User {
8 public:
9 User(const string &name,const string &password = "123456",const string &email=""):name(name),password(password),email(email){}
10
11 void set_email() {
12 int a = 0;
13 while (true) {
14 if (a == 0)
15 cout << "Enter email address:";
16 else
17 cout << "Please re_enter email:";
18 cin >> email;
19 a++;
20 if (email.find('@') != string::npos) {
21 cout << "email is set successfully..." << endl;
22 break;
23 }
24 else
25 cout << "illegal email.";
26 }
27 }
28
29
30 void change_password() {
31 int n = 0;
32 string old_password;
33
34 while (n < 3) {
35 if (n ==0)
36 cout << "Enter old password:";
37 else
38 cout << "Please re_enter again:";
39 cin >> old_password;
40
41 if (old_password == password) {
42 string new_password;
43 cout << "Enter new password:";
44 cin >> new_password;
45 password = new_password;
46 cout << "new password is set successfully..." << endl;
47 break;
48 }
49 else {
50 cout << "password input error. ";
51 n++;
52 }
53 }
54 if(n==3)
55 cout << "Please try after a while." << endl;
56 }
57
58 void display()const {
59 cout << "name: " << name << endl;
60 cout << "pass: " << std::string(password.length(), '*') << endl;
61 cout << "email: " << email << endl;
62 }
63
64
65 private:
66 string name;
67 string password;
68 string email;
69 };
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task5.cpp
1 #include "user.hpp"
2 #include <iostream>
3 #include <vector>
4 #include <string>
5 using std::cin;
6 using std::cout;
7 using std::endl;
8 using std::vector;
9 using std::string;
10 void test() {
11 vector<User> user_lst;
12 User u1("Alice", "2024113", "[email protected]");
13 user_lst.push_back(u1);
14 cout << endl;
15 User u2("Bob");
16 u2.set_email();
17 u2.change_password();
18 user_lst.push_back(u2);
19 cout << endl;
20 User u3("Hellen");
21 u3.set_email();
22 u3.change_password();
23 user_lst.push_back(u3);
24 cout << endl;
25 cout << "There are " << user_lst.size() << " users. they are: " << endl;
26 for (auto& i : user_lst) {
27 i.display();
28 cout << endl;
29 }
30 }
31 int main() {
32 test();
33 }
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6. 实验任务6 date.h
1 class Date {
2 private:
3 int year;
4 int month;
5 int day;
6 int totalDays;
7 public:
8 Date(int year, int month, int day);
9 int getYear() const { return year; }
10 int getMonth()const { return month; }
11 int getDay()const { return day; }
12 int getMaxDay()const;
13 bool isLeapYear()const {
14 return year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0;
15 }
16 void show() const;
17 int distance(const Date& date)const {
18 return totalDays - date.totalDays;
19 }
20 };
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account.h
1 #ifndef _ _ACCOUNT_H_ _
2 #define _ _ACCOUNT_H_ _
3 #include"date.h"
4 #include<string>
5 class SavingsAccount {
6 private:
7 std::string id;
8 double balance;
9 double rate;
10 Date lastDate;
11 double accumulation;
12 static double total;
13 void record(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
14 void error(const std::string& msg) const;
15 double accumulate(const Date& date)const {
16 return accumulation + balance * date.distance(lastDate);
17
18 }
19 public:
20 SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const std::string& id, double rate);
21 const std::string& getId()const { return id; }
22 double getBalance()const { return balance; }
23 double getRate()const { return rate; }
24 static double getTotal() { return total; }
25 void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
26 void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
27 void settle(const Date& date);
28 void show()const;
29 };
30 #endif //_ _ACCOUNT_H_ _
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date.cpp
1 #include"date.h"
2 #include<iostream>
3 #include<cstdlib>
4 using namespace std;
5 namespace {
6 const int DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[] = { 0,31,59,90,120,151,181,212,243,273,304,334,365 };
7 }
8 Date::Date(int year, int month, int day) :year(year), month(month), day(day) {
9 if (day <= 0 || day > getMaxDay()) {
10 cout << "Invalid date: ";
11 show();
12 cout << endl;
13 exit(1);
14 }
15 int years = year - 1;
16 totalDays = years * 365 + years / 4 - years / 100 + years / 400 + DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1] + day;
17 if (isLeapYear() && month > 2)totalDays++;
18 }
19 int Date::getMaxDay()const {
20 if (isLeapYear() && month == 2)
21 return 29;
22 else
23 return DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month] - DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1];
24 }
25 void Date::show()const {
26 cout << getYear() << "-" << getMonth() << "-" << getDay();
27 }
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account.cpp
1 #include"account.h"
2 #include<cmath>
3 #include<iostream>
4 using namespace std;
5 double SavingsAccount::total = 0;
6 SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double rate)
7 :id(id), balance(0), rate(rate), lastDate(date), accumulation(0) {
8 date.show();
9 cout << "\t#" << id << "created" << endl;
10
11 }
12 void SavingsAccount::record(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
13 accumulation = accumulate(date);
14 lastDate = date;
15 amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100;
16 balance -= amount;
17 total += amount;
18 date.show();
19 cout << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << "\t" << desc << endl;
20
21 }
22 void SavingsAccount::error(const string& msg)const {
23 cout << "Error(#" << id << "):" << msg << endl;
24 }
25 void SavingsAccount::deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
26 record(date, amount, desc);
27 }
28 void SavingsAccount::withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
29 if (amount > getBalance())
30 error("not enough money");
31 else
32 record(date, -amount, desc);
33
34 }
35 void SavingsAccount::settle(const Date& date) {
36 double interest = accumulate(date) * rate
37 / date.distance(Date(date.getYear() - 1, 1, 1));
38 if (interest != 0)
39 record(date, interest, "interest");
40 accumulation = 0;
41
42 }
43 void SavingsAccount::show()const {
44 cout << id << "\tBalance:" << balance;
45 }
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6_25.cpp
1 #include"account.h"
2 #include<iostream>
3 using namespace std;
4 int main() {
5 Date date(2008, 11, 1);
6 SavingsAccount accounts[] = {
7 SavingsAccount(date,"03755217",0.015),
8 SavingsAccount(date,"02342342",0.015)
9
10 };
11 const int n = sizeof(accounts) / sizeof(SavingsAccount);
12 accounts[0].deposit(Date(2008, 11, 5), 5000, "salary");
13 accounts[1].deposit(Date(2008, 11, 25), 10000, "sell stock 0323");
14 accounts[0].deposit(Date(2008, 12, 5), 5500, "salary");
15 accounts[1].withdraw(Date(2008, 12, 20), 4000, "buy a laptop");
16 cout << endl;
17 for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
18 accounts[i].settle(Date(2009, 1, 1));
19 accounts[i].show();
20 cout << endl;
21 }
22 cout << "Total:" << SavingsAccount::getTotal() << endl;
23 return 0;
24 }
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标签：std,const,cout,对象,编程,int,实验,vectorInt,include From： https://www.cnblogs.com/nuist0177/p/18525817