实验任务1
代码
1 // 现代C++标准库、算法库体验
2 // 本例用到以下内容:
3 // 1. 字符串string, 动态数组容器类vector、迭代器
4 // 2. 算法库：反转元素次序、旋转元素
5 // 3. 函数模板、const引用作为形参
6
7 #include <iostream>
8 #include <string>
9 #include <vector>
10 #include <algorithm>
11
12 using namespace std;
13
14 // 声明
15 // 模板函数声明
16 template<typename T>
17 void output(const T &c);
18
19 // 普通函数声明
20 void test1();
21 void test2();
22 void test3();
23
24 int main() {
25 cout << "测试1: \n";
26 test1();
27
28 cout << "\n测试2: \n";
29 test2();
30
31 cout << "\n测试3: \n";
32 test3();
33 }
34
35 // 函数实现
36 // 输出容器对象c中的元素
37 template <typename T>
38 void output(const T &c) {
39 for(auto &i: c)
40 cout << i << " ";
41 cout << endl;
42 }
43
44 // 测试1
45 // 组合使用算法库、迭代器、string反转字符串
46 void test1() {
47 string s0{"0123456789"};
48 cout << "s0 = " << s0 << endl;
49
50 string s1{s0};
51 reverse(s1.begin(), s1.end()); // 反转指定迭代器区间的元素
52 cout << "s1 = " << s1 << endl;
53
54 string s2{s0};
55 reverse_copy(s0.begin(), s0.end(), s2.begin()); // 将指定迭代区间的元素拷贝到指定迭代器开始的目标区间，并且在复制过程中反转次序
56 cout << "s2 = " << s2 << endl;
57 }
58
59 // 测试2
60 // 组合使用算法库、迭代器、vector反转动态数组对象vector内数据
61 void test2() {
62 vector<int> v0{2, 0, 4, 9};
63 cout << "v0: ";
64 output(v0);
65
66 vector<int> v1{v0};
67 reverse(v1.begin(), v1.end());
68 cout << "v1: ";
69 output(v1);
70
71 vector<int> v2{v0};
72 reverse_copy(v0.begin(), v0.end(), v2.begin());
73 cout << "v2: ";
74 output(v2);
75 }
76
77 // 测试3
78 // 组合使用算法库、迭代器、vector实现元素旋转移位
79 void test3() {
80 vector<int> v0{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
81 cout << "v0: ";
82 output(v0);
83
84 vector<int> v1{v0};
85 rotate(v1.begin(), v1.begin()+1, v1.end()); // 旋转指定迭代器区间[v1.begin(), v1.end())之间的数据项，旋转后从迭代器v1.begin()+1位置的数据项开始
86 cout << "v1: ";
87 output(v1);
88
89 vector<int> v2{v0};
90 rotate(v2.begin(), v2.begin()+2, v2.end());
91 cout << "v2: ";
92 output(v2);
93
94 vector<int> v3{v0};
95 rotate(v3.begin(), v3.end()-1, v3.end());
96 cout << "v3: ";
97 output(v3);
98
99 vector<int> v4{v0};
100 rotate(v4.begin(), v4.end()-2, v4.end());
101 cout << "v4: ";
102 output(v4);
103 }
编译结果
实验任务2
代码
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <vector>
3 #include <string>
4 #include <algorithm>
5 #include <numeric>
6 #include <iomanip>
7
8 using namespace std;
9
10 // 函数声明
11 // 模板函数声明
12 template<typename T>
13 void output(const T &c);
14
15 // 普通函数声明
16 int rand_int_100();
17 void test1();
18 void test2();
19
20 int main() {
21 cout << "测试1: \n";
22 test1();
23
24 cout << "\n测试2: \n";
25 test2();
26 }
27
28 // 函数实现
29 // 输出容器对象c中的元素
30 template <typename T>
31 void output(const T &c) {
32 for(auto &i: c)
33 cout << i << " ";
34 cout << endl;
35 }
36
37 // 返回[0, 100]区间内的一个随机整数
38 int rand_int_100() {
39 return rand() % 101;
40 }
41
42 // 测试1
43 // 对容器类对象指定迭代器区间进行赋值、排序
44 void test1() {
45 vector<int> v0(10); // 创建一个动态数组对象v0, 对象大小为10
46 generate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), rand_int_100); // 产生[0, 100]之间的随机整数赋值给指定迭代器区间[v0.begin(), v0.end())内的每个数据项
47 cout << "v0: ";
48 output(v0);
49
50 vector<int> v1{v0};
51 sort(v1.begin(), v1.end()); // 对指定迭代器区间[v1.begin(), v1.end())内数据项进行升序排序
52 cout << "v1: ";
53 output(v1);
54
55 vector<int> v2{v0};
56 sort(v2.begin()+1, v2.end()-1); // 对指定迭代器区间[v1.begin()+1, v1.end()-1)内数据项进行升序排序
57 cout << "v2: ";
58 output(v2);
59 }
60
61 // 测试2
62 // 对容器类对象指定迭代器区间进行赋值、计算最大值/最小值/均值
63 void test2() {
64 vector<int> v0(10);
65 generate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), rand_int_100);
66 cout << "v0: ";
67 output(v0);
68
69 auto iter1 = min_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());
70 cout << "最小值: " << *iter1 << endl;
71
72 auto iter2 = max_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());
73 cout << "最大值: " << *iter2 << endl;
74
75 auto ans = minmax_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());
76 cout << "最小值: " << *(ans.first) << endl;
77 cout << "最大值: " << *(ans.second) << endl;
78 double avg1 = accumulate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), 0)/v0.size();
79 cout << "均值: " << fixed << setprecision(2) << avg1 << endl;
80
81 cout << endl;
82
83 vector<int> v1{v0};
84 cout << "v0: ";
85 output(v0);
86 sort(v1.begin(), v1.end());
87 double avg2 = accumulate(v1.begin()+1, v1.end()-1, 0)/(v1.size()-2);
88 cout << "去掉最大值、最小值之后，均值: " << avg2 << endl;
89 }
编译结果
实验任务3
代码
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <string>
3 #include <algorithm>
4
5 bool is_palindrome(std::string s);
6
7 int main() {
8 using namespace std;
9 string s;
10 while (cin >> s) // 多组输入，直到按下Ctrl+Z后结束测试
11 cout << boolalpha << is_palindrome(s) << endl;
12 }
13
14 // 函数is_palindrome定义
15 bool is_palindrome(std::string s) {
16 // 判断字符串是否和反转后一致（区分大小写）
17 return s == std::string(s.rbegin(), s.rend());
18 }
编译结果
实验任务4
代码
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <string>
3 #include <algorithm>
4
5 std::string dec2n(int x, int n = 2);
6
7 int main() {
8 using namespace std;
9 int x;
10 while (cin >> x) {
11 cout << "十进制: " << x << endl;
12 cout << "二进制: " << dec2n(x) << endl;
13 cout << "八进制: " << dec2n(x, 8) << endl;
14 cout << "十六进制: " << dec2n(x, 16) << endl << endl;
15 }
16 }
17
18 // 函数dec2n定义
19 std::string dec2n(int x, int n) {
20 if (x == 0) return "0";
21 std::string result;
22 const char digits[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
23 while (x > 0) {
24 result += digits[x % n];
25 x /= n;
26 }
27 std::reverse(result.begin(), result.end());
28 return result;
29 }
编译结果
实验任务5
代码
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <iomanip>
3
4 int main() {
5 // 打印字母密文对照表
6 for (int i = 0; i < 26; ++i) {
7 for (int j = 0; j < 26; ++j) {
8 char letter = 'A' + (i + j) % 26;
9 std::cout << letter << ' ';
10 }
11 std::cout << std::endl;
12 }
13 return 0;
14 }
编译结果
实验任务6
代码
1 #include <iostream>
2 #include <iomanip>
3 #include <cstdlib>
4 #include <ctime>
5
6 int main() {
7 using namespace std;
8 srand(time(0));
9 int correct_count = 0;
10 const int total_questions = 10;
11
12 for (int i = 0; i < total_questions; ++i) {
13 int num1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
14 int num2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
15 char op;
16 int correct_answer;
17
18 switch (rand() % 4) {
19 case 0:
20 op = '+';
21 correct_answer = num1 + num2;
22 break;
23 case 1:
24 op = '-';
25 if (num1 < num2) swap(num1, num2);
26 correct_answer = num1 - num2;
27 break;
28 case 2:
29 op = '*';
30 correct_answer = num1 * num2;
31 break;
32 case 3:
33 op = '/';
34 while (num1 % num2 != 0) {
35 num1 = rand() % 10 + 1;
36 num2 = rand() % 10 + 1;
37 }
38 correct_answer = num1 / num2;
39 break;
40 }
41
42 int user_answer;
43 cout << num1 << ' ' << op << ' ' << num2 << " = ";
44 cin >> user_answer;
45
46 if (user_answer == correct_answer) {
47 ++correct_count;
48 }
49 }
50
51 double accuracy = static_cast<double>(correct_count) / total_questions * 100.0;
52 cout << fixed << setprecision(2);
53 cout << "正确率: " << accuracy << "%" << endl;
54
55 return 0;
56 }
编译结果
标签：begin,初体验,cout,int,编程,C++,v0,v1,include From： https://www.cnblogs.com/zm0110/p/18458051