本篇主要记录C#操作文件
相对路径在项目文件...\bin\Debug 目录下
一、写入读取文件
写入
/// <summary>
/// initial 文件写入
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//1.创建一个键值对
Dictionary<String, Dictionary<string, string>> data = new Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, string>>();
//2.添加数据源
data.Add("设备套接字", new Dictionary<string, string>()
{
{"ip","192.168.21.11" },
{"端口","502" }
});
//3.写入到本地
using (StreamWriter streamWriter = new StreamWriter(path,true))
{
//4.循环写入
foreach (string item in data.Keys)
{
//4.1写入键
streamWriter.WriteLine($"[{item}]");
//5.写入值
foreach (string item2 in data[item].Keys)
{
streamWriter.WriteLine($"{item2}={data[item][item2]}");
}
}
}
}
读取
/// <summary>
/// initial 文件读取
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Dictionary<String, Dictionary<string, string>> saveData = new Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, string>>();
string key = null;
//配置io流
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(path,true))
{
while (!reader.EndOfStream)
{
//读取
string data = reader.ReadLine();
//判断是否键
if (data.StartsWith("[") && data.EndsWith("]"))
{
key = data.Substring(1, data.Length - 2);
saveData.Add(key,new Dictionary<string, string>());
}
//判断是否是值
else if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(data) && !data.EndsWith(";"))
{
int index = data.IndexOf("=");
if (index > 0)
{
//获取值
saveData[key].Add(data.Substring(0,index), data.Substring(index+1));
}
}
}
}
}
二、文件的基本操作
目录操作
/// <summary>
/// 创建目录
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
//###一.创建文件夹两种路径方式
//1.相对路径地址，项目输出路径，在../bin/Debug目录下
Directory.CreateDirectory("log");
//在创建的目录中创建子目录
Directory.CreateDirectory("log/zhangsan");
//2.绝对路径地址，加磁盘符
//Directory.CreateDirectory("D:\\c#\\source\\test");
// ###2.判断指定路径下是否有该目录
if (Directory.Exists("log"))
{
MessageBox.Show("存在");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 删除目录
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
//删除目录,删除的目录必须为空，见构造方法
Directory.Delete("log/zhangsan",true);
MessageBox.Show(Directory.Exists("log")?"删除成功":"删除失败");
}
/// <summary>
/// 查询子文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Button3_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
//查询目录下的文件，不是文件夹，文件是带后缀名的，例如：111.txt
string[] files = Directory.GetFiles("log");
foreach (var item in files)
{
MessageBox.Show(item);
}
}
文件流
// FileStream: 文件流
Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8;//二进制转换格式
/// <summary>
/// 写入文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Button4_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
//第一步：配置文件操作对象
string path = "opreationLog.txt";
FileMode fileMode = FileMode.Append;
FileAccess fileAccess = FileAccess.Write;
//初始化IO流对象
FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(path, fileMode, fileAccess);
//第二步：写入
//TODO: 注意这里要加入 \r 才能识别保存换行
byte[] data = encoding.GetBytes($"{textBox1.Text}\r\n");
fileStream.Write(data,0,data.Length);
//关闭IO流
fileStream.Close();
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Button5_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
//第一步：配置文件操作对象
string path = "opreationLog.txt";
FileMode fileMode = FileMode.Open;
FileAccess fileAccess = FileAccess.Read;
//初始化IO流对象
FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(path, fileMode, fileAccess);
byte[] readBytes = new byte[1024];
fileStream.Read(readBytes, 0, 1024);
textBox2.Text = encoding.GetString(readBytes);
//关闭IO流
fileStream.Close();
}
序列化
/// <summary>
/// 序列化导出
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Button6_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
//第一步：配置文件操作对象
string path = "save_person.txt";
FileMode fileMode = FileMode.Create;
FileAccess fileAccess = FileAccess.Write;
// 第二步：配置io流对象
//using自动管理关闭文件流
using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(path, fileMode, fileAccess))
{
//创建序列化对象
BinaryFormatter binary = new BinaryFormatter();
//获取表格中的数据
List<Person> persons = new List<Person>();
Person person;
for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.Rows.Count-1; i++)
{
person = new Person();
person.Id = Convert.ToInt32(dataGridView1.Rows[i].Cells[0].Value);
person.Name = dataGridView1.Rows[i].Cells[1].Value.ToString();
person.Age = Convert.ToInt32(dataGridView1.Rows[i].Cells[2].Value);
persons.Add(person);
}
//开始序列化
binary.Serialize(fileStream,persons);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 序列化导入
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Button7_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//第一步：配置文件操作对象
string path = "save_person.txt";
FileMode fileMode = FileMode.Open;
FileAccess fileAccess = FileAccess.Read;
// 第二步：配置io流对象
//using自动管理关闭文件流
using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(path, fileMode, fileAccess))
{
//创建序列化对象
BinaryFormatter binary = new BinaryFormatter();
//反序列化
Object obj = binary.Deserialize(fileStream);
//转换成集合
List<Person> people = (List<Person>)obj;
//清理表格上的数据
dataGridView1.Rows.Clear();
//循环写入
foreach (var item in people)
{
dataGridView1.Rows.Add(item.Id, item.Name, item.Age);
}
}
}
}
[Serializable]
class Person
{
}
三、CSV文件
/// <summary>
/// 导入CSV
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//第一步：配置IO流操作对象
using (StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader("产品数据.csv"))
{
int index = 0;
while(!streamReader.EndOfStream)
{
string data = streamReader.ReadLine();
string[] str = data.Split(',');
//不插入表头
if (index > 0)
{
dataGridView1.Rows.Add(str);
}
index++;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 导出CSV
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//第一步：配置文件流操作对象
using(StreamWriter streamWrite = new StreamWriter("产品数据.csv",false))
{
//加入表头
streamWrite.WriteLine($"{dataGridView1.Columns[0].HeaderText},{dataGridView1.Columns[1].HeaderText},{dataGridView1.Columns[2].HeaderText}");
//第二步：循环写入
for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.Rows.Count -1; i++)
{
streamWrite.WriteLine($"{dataGridView1.Rows[i].Cells[0].Value},{dataGridView1.Rows[i].Cells[1].Value},{dataGridView1.Rows[i].Cells[2].Value}");
}
}
}
四、Excel
/// <summary>
/// 导出excel文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//第一步：配置Excel文件操作对象
using (XLWorkbook xl = new XLWorkbook())
{
//第二步：创建工作页
IXLWorksheet sheet = xl.AddWorksheet("产品数据页1");
//第三步：循环添加数据
//写入表头
for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.Columns.Count; i++)
{
//注意Cell 必须从1开始，否则报错
sheet.Cell(1, i + 1).Value = dataGridView1.Columns[i].HeaderText;
}
//写入表格数据
for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView2.Rows.Count-1; i++)
{
//第四步：获取第i行列的值
for (int j = 0; j < dataGridView2.Rows[i].Cells.Count; j++)
{
//第五步：写入数据
sheet.Cell(i+2,j+1).Value = dataGridView2.Rows[i].Cells[j].Value.ToString();
}
}
//第六步：保存到本地
xl.SaveAs("数据.xlsx");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 导入Excel文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//第一步：配置Excel文件操作对象
using (XLWorkbook xl = new XLWorkbook("数据.xlsx"))
{
//第二步：获取第一个sheet页
IXLWorksheet workbook = xl.Worksheet(1);
//第三步：获取sheet页中数据
IXLRow row;
List<string> list;
// 从2开始不要表头
for (int i = 2; i <= workbook.Rows().Count(); i++)
{
row = workbook.Row(i);
list = new List<string>();
for (int j = 1; j <= row.Cells().Count(); j++)
{
string data = workbook.Cell(i, j).Value.ToString();
list.Add(data);
}
dataGridView2.Rows.Add(list);
}
}
}
标签：文件,Rows,C#,void,EventArgs,dataGridView1,操作,new,data From： https://www.cnblogs.com/zeussbook/p/18332682