文件IO:完成libjpeg库的移植，并设计程序实现在LCD上的任意位置显示一张任意大小的jpg图片，注意不要越界。
1.库的移植
1.下载需要移植的库的源码包，libjpeg库源码包在官网可以下载 www.ijg.org
2.解压压缩包，解压后找到自述文件README，打开README了解libjpeg库的使用规则！
3.打开源码包中的install.txt的文本，学习libjpeg库的移植和安装的步骤，移植libjpeg的步骤分为三步：配置(./configure) + 编译(make) + 安装(make install)。
4.把下载好的源码包jpegsrc.v9f.tar.gz发送到linux系统的家目录下进行解压，注意不可以在共享文件夹进行解压
5.切换到解压后的jpeg-9f的文件夹内，然后输入指令配置libjpeg库，*配置*的时候需要使用一个叫做configure的配置文件，该配置文件有两个选项非常重要：--prefix 和 --host
6.配置成功之后，会得到一个makefile脚本文件，此时可以完成移植的第二步：*编译*，在命令行输入指令：make ，该指令会自动执行makefile
7.编译通过之后，则可以完成libjpeg库的*安装*，此时在命令行输入指令: make install
8.安装完成后，可以在用户指定的安装路径中找到生成的libjpeg库的头文件和库文件，此时用户可以选择拷贝出来，就可以设计程序时使用。
10.把include文件夹和lib文件夹与自己的工程文件放在同一个路径，方便后期的工程维护！
库的使用
(1) 创建解码对象，并且对解码对象进行初始化，另外需要创建错误处理对象，并和解码对象进行关联。
(2) 打开待解码的jpg图片，使用fopen的时候需要添加选项”b”，以二进制方式打开文件！
(3) 读取待解码图片的文件头，并把图像信息和解码对象进行关联，通过解码对象对jpg图片进行解码
(4) 可以选择设置解码参数，如果打算以默认参数对jpg图片进行解码，则可以省略该步骤！
(5) 开始对jpg图片进行解码，调用函数之后开始解码，可以得到图像宽、图像高等信息！
(6)开始设计一个循环，在循环中每次读取1行的图像数据，并写入到LCD中，注意：转换算法需要用户自己设计。
(7) 在所有的图像数据都已经解码完成后，则调用函数完成解码即可，然后释放相关资源！
程序设计
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
/*
* Include file for users of JPEG library.
* You will need to have included system headers that define at least
* the typedefs FILE and size_t before you can include jpeglib.h.
* (stdio.h is sufficient on ANSI-conforming systems.)
* You may also wish to include "jerror.h".
*/
#include "jpeglib.h"
int * lcd_mp;
//成功返回1 失败返回0
int read_JPEG_file (char * filename,int start_x,int start_y)
{
/* This struct contains the JPEG decompression parameters and pointers to
* working space (which is allocated as needed by the JPEG library).
*/
struct jpeg_decompress_struct cinfo;
/* We use our private extension JPEG error handler.
* Note that this struct must live as long as the main JPEG parameter
* struct, to avoid dangling-pointer problems.
*/
struct jpeg_error_mgr jerr;
/* More stuff */
FILE * infile; /* source file */
unsigned char * buffer; /* Output row buffer */
int row_stride; /* physical row width in output buffer */
/* In this example we want to open the input file before doing anything else,
* so that the setjmp() error recovery below can assume the file is open.
* VERY IMPORTANT: use "b" option to fopen() if you are on a machine that
* requires it in order to read binary files.
*/
if ((infile = fopen(filename, "rb")) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "can't open %s\n", filename);
return 0;
}
/* Step 1: allocate and initialize JPEG decompression object */
/* We set up the normal JPEG error routines, then override error_exit. */
cinfo.err = jpeg_std_error(&jerr);
/* Now we can initialize the JPEG decompression object. */
jpeg_create_decompress(&cinfo);
/* Step 2: specify data source (eg, a file) */
jpeg_stdio_src(&cinfo, infile);
/* Step 3: read file parameters with jpeg_read_header() */
(void) jpeg_read_header(&cinfo, TRUE);
/* We can ignore the return value from jpeg_read_header since
* (a) suspension is not possible with the stdio data source, and
* (b) we passed TRUE to reject a tables-only JPEG file as an error.
* See libjpeg.txt for more info.
*/
/* Step 4: set parameters for decompression */
/* In this example, we don't need to change any of the defaults set by
* jpeg_read_header(), so we do nothing here.
*/
/* Step 5: Start decompressor */
(void) jpeg_start_decompress(&cinfo);
/* We can ignore the return value since suspension is not possible
* with the stdio data source.
*/
/* We may need to do some setup of our own at this point before reading
* the data. After jpeg_start_decompress() we have the correct scaled
* output image dimensions available, as well as the output colormap
* if we asked for color quantization.
* In this example, we need to make an output work buffer of the right size.
*/
/* JSAMPLEs per row in output buffer */
row_stride = cinfo.output_width * cinfo.output_components; //计算一行的大小
/* Make a one-row-high sample array that will go away when done with image */
buffer = calloc(1,row_stride);
/* Step 6: while (scan lines remain to be read) */
/* jpeg_read_scanlines(...); */
/* Here we use the library's state variable cinfo.output_scanline as the
* loop counter, so that we don't have to keep track ourselves.
*/
int data = 0;
while (cinfo.output_scanline < cinfo.output_height)
{
/* jpeg_read_scanlines expects an array of pointers to scanlines.
* Here the array is only one element long, but you could ask for
* more than one scanline at a time if that's more convenient.
*/
(void) jpeg_read_scanlines(&cinfo, &buffer, 1); //从上到下，从左到右 RGB RGB RGB RGB
for (int i = 0; i < cinfo.output_width; ++i) //012 345
{
data |= buffer[3*i]<<16; //R
data |= buffer[3*i+1]<<8; //G
data |= buffer[3*i+2]; //B
//把像素点写入到LCD的指定位置
lcd_mp[800*start_y + start_x + 800*(cinfo.output_scanline-1) + i] = data;
data = 0;
}
}
/* Step 7: Finish decompression */
(void) jpeg_finish_decompress(&cinfo);
/* We can ignore the return value since suspension is not possible
* with the stdio data source.
*/
/* Step 8: Release JPEG decompression object */
/* This is an important step since it will release a good deal of memory. */
jpeg_destroy_decompress(&cinfo);
/* After finish_decompress, we can close the input file.
* Here we postpone it until after no more JPEG errors are possible,
* so as to simplify the setjmp error logic above. (Actually, I don't
* think that jpeg_destroy can do an error exit, but why assume anything...)
*/
fclose(infile);
/* At this point you may want to check to see whether any corrupt-data
* warnings occurred (test whether jerr.pub.num_warnings is nonzero).
*/
/* And we're done! */
return 1;
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
//1.打开LCD open
int lcd_fd = open("/dev/fb0",O_RDWR);
//2.对LCD进行内存映射 mmap
lcd_mp = (int *)mmap(NULL,800*480*4,PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,MAP_SHARED,lcd_fd,0);
//3.显示一张jpg
read_JPEG_file ("demo.jpg",100,100);
return 0;
}