python爬虫—学习笔记-2

ps：因为本人近一个月住院，文章为队友所著。

任务

获取豆瓣网站内容。

单页获取

网址：https://movie.douban.com/top250

获取网页信息

代码：

import requests


url="https://movie.douban.com/top250"

headers={"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:123.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/123.0"}
response=requests.get(url,headers=headers)
print(response.text)

为了方便查看，获取的代码创建一个html网页放进其中。

获取第一页的电影名字

电影名字包含在

<span class="title">([^&nbsp].*?)</span>

这个标签之中，所以需要

import requests
import re

url="https://movie.douban.com/top250"

headers={"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:123.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/123.0"}
response=requests.get(url,headers=headers)


#获取电影名字
movieName=re.findall( '<span class="title">([^&nbsp].*?)</span>',response.text)
print(movieName)
#^:意为除了

将电影名字与评分联系起来

多页获取

构建url

首页：https://movie.douban.com/top250

第二页：https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=25&filter=

第三页：https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=50&filter=

………………

最后一页：https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=250&filter=

可以看出其中存在一些关系

‘https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=‘+25的倍数+‘&filter= ’

所以url可以这样构建

url="https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=" + str(i) + "&filter="

import requests
import re

headers={"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/122.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/122.0.0.0"}
movieName=[]
score=[]
for i in range(0,250,25):
    url="https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=" + str(i) + "&filter="


    response=requests.get(url,headers=headers)

    movieName+=re.findall('<span class="title">([^&nbsp].*?)</span>',response.text)

    score=score+ re.findall('<span class="rating_num" property="v:average">(.*?)</span>',response.text)

print(movieName)
print(score)

l=[]
for i in range(250):
   l.append((i+1,movieName[i],score[i]))
print(l)

for i in l:
   print(i)

import requests
import re

headers={"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/122.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/122.0.0.0"}
movieName=[]
score=[]
for i in range(0,250,25):
    url="https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=" + str(i) + "&filter="


    response=requests.get(url,headers=headers)

    movieName+=re.findall('<span class="title">([^&nbsp].*?)</span>',response.text)

    score=score+ re.findall('<span class="rating_num" property="v:average">(.*?)</span>',response.text)

print(movieName)
print(score)

l=[]
for i in range(250):
   l.append((i+1,movieName[i],score[i]))
print(l)

for i in l:
   print(i)

获取网页图片

首先找到图片所在的标签

import requests
import re

url="https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=0&filter="


headers={"User-Agent":'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/122.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/122.0.0.0'}
response=requests.get(url,headers=headers)


movieName=re.findall('<span class="title">([^&nbsp].*?)</span>',response.text)

imgurl=re.findall('src="(.*?)" class="">',response.text)

for i in range(25):
    imgres=requests.get(imgurl[i],headers=headers)
    filename="./images/" + movieName[i] + ".jpg"
    with open (filename,mode="wb") as f:
        f.write(imgres.content)

注意：

获取图片时不应太平频繁 ， 可以的话适当加上一个获取时间间隔 。