qgis 3.30 python开发环境搭建

1.使用mamba加速conda下载qgis

conda install -c conda-forge -n base mamba

2.创建qgis虚拟环境

conda create -n qgis python=3.11
conda activate qgis（管理员CMD）
mamba install -c conda-forge qgis=3.30.0

mamba install -c conda-forge rasterio
mamba install -c conda-forge geopandas

安装命令，需要rasterio、geopandas的可以使用

 如果这样：

(qgis) PS C:\Users\anita> python

>>> import qgis
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qgis'

3.设置环境变量

打开Qgis:

(base) C:\Users\user>conda activate qgis
(qgis) C:\Users\user>qgis

Qgis的python控制台

import sys
sys.path

 复制输出的结果数组，在base环境下输入以下命令，这样环境就配置好了：

conda activate base
mamba install conda-build -c conda-forge
conda develop [你复制的数组] -n qgis

 4.代码测试

from qgis.core import *
from qgis.gui import *
from qgis.PyQt.QtWidgets import *
from qgis.PyQt.QtGui import *
from qgis.PyQt.QtCore import *

from os.path import *
import sys


class MyWnd(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.resize(1200, 800)
        self.setWindowTitle("GIS软件")
        self.canvas = QgsMapCanvas()
        self.canvas.setCanvasColor(Qt.white)
        self.canvas.setVisible(True)
        self.canvas.xyCoordinates.connect(self.showXY)

        self.actionZoomIn = QAction("放大工具", self)
        self.actionZoomOut = QAction("缩小工具", self)
        self.actionPan = QAction("平移工具", self)
        self.actionOpenRas = QAction("打开影像", self)

        self.actionZoomIn.setCheckable(True)
        self.actionZoomOut.setCheckable(True)
        self.actionPan.setCheckable(True)

        self.actionZoomIn.triggered.connect(self.zoomIn)
        self.actionZoomOut.triggered.connect(self.zoomOut)
        self.actionPan.triggered.connect(self.pan)
        self.actionOpenRas.triggered.connect(self.openDialogRas)

        self.toolbar = QToolBar("Canvas actions")
        self.addToolBar(self.toolbar)
        self.toolbar.addAction(self.actionZoomIn)
        self.toolbar.addAction(self.actionZoomOut)
        self.toolbar.addAction(self.actionPan)
        self.toolbar.addAction(self.actionOpenRas)

        self.root = QgsProject.instance().layerTreeRoot()
        self.model = QgsLayerTreeModel(self.root, self)
        self.model.setFlag(QgsLayerTreeModel.AllowNodeReorder)
        self.model.setFlag(QgsLayerTreeModel.AllowNodeChangeVisibility)
        self.tocView = QgsLayerTreeView()
        self.tocView.setModel(self.model)
        self.tocView.setFixedWidth(200)
        self.bridge = QgsLayerTreeMapCanvasBridge(self.root, self.canvas, self)

        # create the map tools
        self.toolPan = QgsMapToolPan(self.canvas)
        self.toolPan.setAction(self.actionPan)
        self.toolZoomIn = QgsMapToolZoom(self.canvas, False)  # false = in
        self.toolZoomIn.setAction(self.actionZoomIn)
        self.toolZoomOut = QgsMapToolZoom(self.canvas, True)  # true = out
        self.toolZoomOut.setAction(self.actionZoomOut)

        centralWidget = QWidget()
        hLayout = QHBoxLayout()
        hLayout.addWidget(self.canvas)
        hLayout.addWidget(self.tocView)
        centralWidget.setLayout(hLayout)
        self.setCentralWidget(centralWidget)

        self.pan()

    def zoomIn(self):
        self.canvas.setMapTool(self.toolZoomIn)

    def zoomOut(self):
        self.canvas.setMapTool(self.toolZoomOut)

    def pan(self):
        self.canvas.setMapTool(self.toolPan)

    def openDialogRas(self):
        path_to_tif = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName()[0]
        if path_to_tif == "":
            return
        self.addRaster(path_to_tif)

    def openDialogVec(self):
        path_to_vec = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName()[0]
        if path_to_vec == "":
            return
        self.addVector(path_to_vec)

    def addRaster(self, path):
        layer = QgsRasterLayer(path, basename(path))
        if not layer.isValid():
            QMessageBox.information(self, '提示', '文件打开失败', QMessageBox.Ok)
            return
        layer.dataProvider().setNoDataValue(1, 0)
        QgsProject.instance().addMapLayers([layer])
        self.canvas.setLayers([layer])
        self.canvas.setExtent(layer.extent())
        self.canvas.refresh()

    def showXY(self, point):
        m_statusBar = self.statusBar()
        m_statusBar.showMessage("Coordinate:" + str(point.x()) + "," + str(point.y()))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    QgsApplication.setPrefixPath("./qgis_init", True)
    qgs = QgsApplication([], False)
    qgs.initQgis()

    w = MyWnd()
    w.show()
    sys.exit(qgs.exec_())

    qgs.exitQgis()