python单元测试unittest

快速上手

# 被测代码
def add_func(a, b):
    return a + b

# 测试代码
import unittest

class MyTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_add_func(self):
        # 使用assertEqual判断返回值是否相等
        self.assertEqual(add_func(1, 2), 3)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

assert断言方法

assertEqual(a, b)
assertNotEqual(a, b)
assertTrue(x)
assertFalse(x)
assertIs(a, b)
assertIsNot(a, b)
assertIsNone(x)
assertIsNotNone(x)
assertIn(a, b)
assertNotIn(a, b)
assertIsInstance(a, b)
assertNotIsInstance(a, b)

组织测试代码

setUp()和 tearDown()

class MyTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self) -> None:
        print("在每个测试方法执行前被调用，预制测试条件")

    def tearDown(self) -> None:
        print("每个测试方法执行后被调用，恢复测试前的状态")

    def test_add_func1(self):
        self.assertEqual(add_func(1, 2), 3)
        print("test test_add_func1")

    def test_add_func2(self):
        self.assertEqual(add_func(1, -1), 0)
        print("test test_add_func2")

setUpClass 和 tearDownClass

class MyTest(unittest.TestCase):
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls) -> None:
        print("测试类开始前执行")
        return super().setUpClass()

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls) -> None:
        print("测试类结束后执行")
        return super().tearDownClass()

    def setUp(self) -> None:
        print("在每个测试方法执行前被调用，预制测试条件")

    def tearDown(self) -> None:
        print("每个测试方法执行后被调用，恢复测试前的状态")

    def test_add_func1(self):
        self.assertEqual(add_func(1, 2), 3)
        print("test test_add_func1")

    def test_add_func2(self):
        self.assertEqual(add_func(1, -1), 0)
        print("test test_add_func2")

参考教程 https://docs.python.org/3.9/library/unittest.html