1.
/** * Lambda表达式的使用举例 * */ public class LambdaTest { @Test public void test1(){ Runnable r1 = new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println("我爱北京天安门"); } }; r1.run(); System.out.println("***********************"); Runnable r2 = () -> System.out.println("我爱北京故宫"); r2.run(); } @Test public void test2(){ Comparator<Integer> com1 = new Comparator<Integer>() { @Override public int compare(Integer o1, Integer o2) { return Integer.compare(o1,o2); } }; int compare1 = com1.compare(12,21); System.out.println(compare1); System.out.println("***********************"); //Lambda表达式的写法 Comparator<Integer> com2 = (o1,o2) -> Integer.compare(o1,o2); int compare2 = com2.compare(32,21); System.out.println(compare2); System.out.println("***********************"); //方法引用 Comparator<Integer> com3 = Integer :: compare; int compare3 = com3.compare(32,21); System.out.println(compare3); } }
2.
/** * Lambda表达式的使用 * * 1.举例: (o1,o2) -> Integer.compare(o1,o2); * 2.格式: * -> :lambda操作符 或 箭头操作符 * ->左边:lambda形参列表 (其实就是接口中的抽象方法的形参列表) * ->右边:lambda体 (其实就是重写的抽象方法的方法体) * * 3. Lambda表达式的使用:(分为6种情况介绍) * * 总结: * ->左边:lambda形参列表的参数类型可以省略(类型推断);如果lambda形参列表只有一个参数,其一对()也可以省略 * ->右边:lambda体应该使用一对{}包裹;如果lambda体只有一条执行语句(可能是return语句),省略这一对{}和return关键字 * * 4.Lambda表达式的本质:作为函数式接口的实例 * * 5. 如果一个接口中,只声明了一个抽象方法,则此接口就称为函数式接口。我们可以在一个接口上使用 @FunctionalInterface 注解, * 这样做可以检查它是否是一个函数式接口。 * * 6. 所以以前用匿名实现类表示的现在都可以用Lambda表达式来写。 */ public class LambdaTest1 { //语法格式一:无参,无返回值 @Test public void test1(){ Runnable r1 = new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println("我爱北京天安门"); } }; r1.run(); System.out.println("***********************"); Runnable r2 = () -> { System.out.println("我爱北京故宫"); }; r2.run(); } //语法格式二:Lambda 需要一个参数,但是没有返回值。 @Test public void test2(){ Consumer<String> con = new Consumer<String>() { @Override public void accept(String s) { System.out.println(s); } }; con.accept("谎言和誓言的区别是什么?"); System.out.println("*******************"); Consumer<String> con1 = (String s) -> { System.out.println(s); }; con1.accept("一个是听得人当真了,一个是说的人当真了"); } //语法格式三:数据类型可以省略,因为可由编译器推断得出,称为“类型推断” @Test public void test3(){ Consumer<String> con1 = (String s) -> { System.out.println(s); }; con1.accept("一个是听得人当真了,一个是说的人当真了"); System.out.println("*******************"); Consumer<String> con2 = (s) -> { System.out.println(s); }; con2.accept("一个是听得人当真了,一个是说的人当真了"); } @Test public void test4(){ ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();//类型推断 int[] arr = {1,2,3};//类型推断 } //语法格式四:Lambda 若只需要一个参数时,参数的小括号可以省略 @Test public void test5(){ Consumer<String> con1 = (s) -> { System.out.println(s); }; con1.accept("一个是听得人当真了,一个是说的人当真了"); System.out.println("*******************"); Consumer<String> con2 = s -> { System.out.println(s); }; con2.accept("一个是听得人当真了,一个是说的人当真了"); } //语法格式五:Lambda 需要两个或以上的参数,多条执行语句,并且可以有返回值 @Test public void test6(){ Comparator<Integer> com1 = new Comparator<Integer>() { @Override public int compare(Integer o1, Integer o2) { System.out.println(o1); System.out.println(o2); return o1.compareTo(o2); } }; System.out.println(com1.compare(12,21)); System.out.println("*****************************"); Comparator<Integer> com2 = (o1,o2) -> { System.out.println(o1); System.out.println(o2); return o1.compareTo(o2); }; System.out.println(com2.compare(12,6)); } //语法格式六:当 Lambda 体只有一条语句时,return 与大括号若有,都可以省略 @Test public void test7(){ Comparator<Integer> com1 = (o1,o2) -> { return o1.compareTo(o2); }; System.out.println(com1.compare(12,6)); System.out.println("*****************************"); Comparator<Integer> com2 = (o1,o2) -> o1.compareTo(o2); System.out.println(com2.compare(12,21)); } @Test public void test8(){ Consumer<String> con1 = s -> { System.out.println(s); }; con1.accept("一个是听得人当真了,一个是说的人当真了"); System.out.println("*****************************"); Consumer<String> con2 = s -> System.out.println(s); con2.accept("一个是听得人当真了,一个是说的人当真了"); } }
3.
/** * java内置的4大核心函数式接口 * * 消费型接口 Consumer<T> void accept(T t) * 供给型接口 Supplier<T> T get() * 函数型接口 Function<T,R> R apply(T t) * 断定型接口 Predicate<T> boolean test(T t) * */ public class LambdaTest2 { @Test public void test1(){ happyTime(500, new Consumer<Double>() { @Override public void accept(Double aDouble) { System.out.println("学习太累了,去天上人间买了瓶矿泉水,价格为:" + aDouble); } }); System.out.println("********************"); happyTime(400,money -> System.out.println("学习太累了,去天上人间喝了口水,价格为:" + money)); } public void happyTime(double money, Consumer<Double> con){ con.accept(money); } @Test public void test2(){ List<String> list = Arrays.asList("北京","南京","天津","东京","西京","普京"); List<String> filterStrs = filterString(list, new Predicate<String>() { @Override public boolean test(String s) { return s.contains("京"); } }); System.out.println(filterStrs); List<String> filterStrs1 = filterString(list,s -> s.contains("京")); System.out.println(filterStrs1); } //根据给定的规则,过滤集合中的字符串。此规则由Predicate的方法决定 public List<String> filterString(List<String> list, Predicate<String> pre){ ArrayList<String> filterList = new ArrayList<>(); for(String s : list){ if(pre.test(s)){ filterList.add(s); } } return filterList; } }
4.
public class Employee { private int id; private String name; private int age; private double salary; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public double getSalary() { return salary; } public void setSalary(double salary) { this.salary = salary; } public Employee() { System.out.println("Employee()....."); } public Employee(int id) { this.id = id; System.out.println("Employee(int id)....."); } public Employee(int id, String name) { this.id = id; this.name = name; } public Employee(int id, String name, int age, double salary) { this.id = id; this.name = name; this.age = age; this.salary = salary; } @Override public String toString() { return "Employee{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", age=" + age + ", salary=" + salary + '}'; } @Override public boolean equals(Object o) { if (this == o) return true; if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false; Employee employee = (Employee) o; if (id != employee.id) return false; if (age != employee.age) return false; if (Double.compare(employee.salary, salary) != 0) return false; return name != null ? name.equals(employee.name) : employee.name == null; } @Override public int hashCode() { int result; long temp; result = id; result = 31 * result + (name != null ? name.hashCode() : 0); result = 31 * result + age; temp = Double.doubleToLongBits(salary); result = 31 * result + (int) (temp ^ (temp >>> 32)); return result; } }
5.
/** * 提供用于测试的数据 */ public class EmployeeData { public static List<Employee> getEmployees(){ List<Employee> list = new ArrayList<>(); list.add(new Employee(1001, "马化腾", 34, 6000.38)); list.add(new Employee(1002, "马云", 12, 9876.12)); list.add(new Employee(1003, "刘强东", 33, 3000.82)); list.add(new Employee(1004, "雷军", 26, 7657.37)); list.add(new Employee(1005, "李彦宏", 65, 5555.32)); list.add(new Employee(1006, "比尔盖茨", 42, 9500.43)); list.add(new Employee(1007, "任正非", 26, 4333.32)); list.add(new Employee(1008, "扎克伯格", 35, 2500.32)); return list; } }
6.
/** * 方法引用的使用 * * 1.使用情境:当要传递给Lambda体的操作,已经有实现的方法了,可以使用方法引用! * * 2.方法引用,本质上就是Lambda表达式,而Lambda表达式作为函数式接口的实例。所以 * 方法引用,也是函数式接口的实例。 * * 3. 使用格式: 类(或对象) :: 方法名 * * 4. 具体分为如下的三种情况: * 情况1 对象 :: 非静态方法 * 情况2 类 :: 静态方法 * * 情况3 类 :: 非静态方法 * * 5. 方法引用使用的要求:要求接口中的抽象方法的形参列表和返回值类型与方法引用的方法的 * 形参列表和返回值类型相同!(针对于情况1和情况2) */ public class MethodRefTest { // 情况一:对象 :: 实例方法 //Consumer中的void accept(T t) //PrintStream中的void println(T t) @Test public void test1() { Consumer<String> con1 = str -> System.out.println(str); con1.accept("北京"); System.out.println("*******************"); PrintStream ps = System.out; Consumer<String> con2 = ps::println; con2.accept("beijing"); } //Supplier中的T get() //Employee中的String getName() @Test public void test2() { Employee emp = new Employee(1001,"Tom",23,5600); Supplier<String> sup1 = () -> emp.getName(); System.out.println(sup1.get()); System.out.println("*******************"); Supplier<String> sup2 = emp::getName; System.out.println(sup2.get()); } // 情况二:类 :: 静态方法 //Comparator中的int compare(T t1,T t2) //Integer中的int compare(T t1,T t2) @Test public void test3() { Comparator<Integer> com1 = (t1,t2) -> Integer.compare(t1,t2); System.out.println(com1.compare(12,21)); System.out.println("*******************"); Comparator<Integer> com2 = Integer::compare; System.out.println(com2.compare(12,3)); } //Function中的R apply(T t) //Math中的Long round(Double d) @Test public void test4() { Function<Double,Long> func = new Function<Double, Long>() { @Override public Long apply(Double d) { return Math.round(d); } }; System.out.println("*******************"); Function<Double,Long> func1 = d -> Math.round(d); System.out.println(func1.apply(12.3)); System.out.println("*******************"); Function<Double,Long> func2 = Math::round; System.out.println(func2.apply(12.6)); } // 情况三:类 :: 实例方法 (有难度) // Comparator中的int comapre(T t1,T t2) // String中的int t1.compareTo(t2) @Test public void test5() { Comparator<String> com1 = (s1,s2) -> s1.compareTo(s2); System.out.println(com1.compare("abc","abd")); System.out.println("*******************"); Comparator<String> com2 = String :: compareTo; System.out.println(com2.compare("abd","abm")); } //BiPredicate中的boolean test(T t1, T t2); //String中的boolean t1.equals(t2) @Test public void test6() { BiPredicate<String,String> pre1 = (s1,s2) -> s1.equals(s2); System.out.println(pre1.test("abc","abc")); System.out.println("*******************"); BiPredicate<String,String> pre2 = String :: equals; System.out.println(pre2.test("abc","abd")); } // Function中的R apply(T t) // Employee中的String getName(); @Test public void test7() { Employee employee = new Employee(1001, "Jerry", 23, 6000); Function<Employee,String> func1 = e -> e.getName(); System.out.println(func1.apply(employee)); System.out.println("*******************"); Function<Employee,String> func2 = Employee::getName; System.out.println(func2.apply(employee)); } }
7.
/** * 一、构造器引用 * 和方法引用类似,函数式接口的抽象方法的形参列表和构造器的形参列表一致。 * 抽象方法的返回值类型即为构造器所属的类的类型 * * 二、数组引用 * 大家可以把数组看做是一个特殊的类,则写法与构造器引用一致。 */ public class ConstructorRefTest { //构造器引用 //Supplier中的T get() //Employee的空参构造器:Employee() @Test public void test1(){ Supplier<Employee> sup = new Supplier<Employee>() { @Override public Employee get() { return new Employee(); } }; System.out.println("*******************"); Supplier<Employee> sup1 = () -> new Employee(); System.out.println(sup1.get()); System.out.println("*******************"); Supplier<Employee> sup2 = Employee :: new; System.out.println(sup2.get()); } //Function中的R apply(T t) @Test public void test2(){ Function<Integer,Employee> func1 = id -> new Employee(id); Employee employee = func1.apply(1001); System.out.println(employee); System.out.println("*******************"); Function<Integer,Employee> func2 = Employee :: new; Employee employee1 = func2.apply(1002); System.out.println(employee1); } //BiFunction中的R apply(T t,U u) @Test public void test3(){ BiFunction<Integer,String,Employee> func1 = (id,name) -> new Employee(id,name); System.out.println(func1.apply(1001,"Tom")); System.out.println("*******************"); BiFunction<Integer,String,Employee> func2 = Employee :: new; System.out.println(func2.apply(1002,"Tom")); } //数组引用 //Function中的R apply(T t) @Test public void test4(){ Function<Integer,String[]> func1 = length -> new String[length]; String[] arr1 = func1.apply(5); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr1)); System.out.println("*******************"); Function<Integer,String[]> func2 = String[] :: new; String[] arr2 = func2.apply(10); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr2)); } }
标签:void,System,public,Employee,引用,println,lambda,java8,out From: https://www.cnblogs.com/liuyi13535496566/p/16641315.html