中考阅读理解深入逻辑分析-001 A Dine to Remember 难忘的一餐
文章正文
It was a few years ago.
A friend had sent me a restaurant gift card for Christmas and I had picked a sunny Sunday afternoon to use it.
It felt good taking my two grown sons and daughter to a nice sit-down restaurant instead of the fast-food places
we usually ate at.
The meal was delicious and we all had a good time just being together.
When the waitress brought the check. I looked down at it. The gift card covered almost all of it. I reached into
my wallet to get enough cash to cover the rest. I saw two bills in my wallet. The first would cover the rest of the
bill and give the waitress a nice tip. The second bill was much larger so I reached down to pick out the first one.
At that moment my mind flashed back to 30 years ago. I was working as a waiter in a restaurant much like the
one we were in now. It was long hours of hard work for low pay. I went home just only making enough to feed
my young family. I also remembered how more than once I saw the waitress counting their little tips worrying
about how they were going to pay the rent and buy their kids things they needed. I remembered the pain in their
eyes and sadness in their faces at the end of the day.
I blinked(眨眼)and was back in the present again. My fingers touched the smaller bill in my wallet. I smiled,
pushed it back down, and picked out the much larger bill. I folded it around the gift card and covered both of
them with the check. As we all got up from the table, I handed them to the hard-working waitress. “You keep the
change,” I said with a smile and a happy heart.
We are all children of the same earth. Do your best to be kind then.
文章问题
- Did the writer take his children to the fast-food places they usually ate at on the sunny Sunday afternoon?
- Why didn’t the writer choose the second bill in the first place?
- What made the writer change his mind in the end?
- Why are there always pain and sadness in the waitresses’ faces at the end of the day?
- What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 6 refer to?
- How do you understand the underlined sentence “ We are all children of the same earth.”?
文章解析
1 文章大意
这篇文章讲述了作者使用礼券带孩子们去一家非快餐的餐厅用餐，并在结账时因回忆起自己年轻时作为服务员的艰辛而决定给服务员一个慷慨的小费的经历。
2 每段中心思想
第一段： 作者收到了一张餐厅礼券，并选择在一个阳光明媚的周日下午使用。
第二段： 作者和家人在餐厅享受了一顿美味的饭菜和愉快的时光。
第三段： 结账时，作者发现礼券几乎覆盖了全部费用，他考虑支付剩余部分并给小费。
第四段： 作者回忆起自己作为服务员的艰辛和对其他服务员的同情。
第五段： 作者决定给服务员一个更大的小费。
第六段： 作者将大额小费和礼券一起交给服务员，并告诉她不用找零。
第七段： 作者以一句富有哲理的话结束文章，强调了人与人之间的共通性和善良的重要性。
3 每段之间的逻辑关系
第一段与第二段： 第一段设定了故事背景，第二段描述了作者和家人的用餐体验。
第二段与第三段： 第二段描述了用餐体验，第三段转向结账时的情景。
第三段与第四段： 第三段描述了结账时的情景，第四段则是作者的回忆。
第四段与第五段： 第四段的回忆影响了第五段中作者的决定。
第五段与第六段： 第五段描述了作者的决定，第六段是作者行动的描述。
第六段与第七段： 第六段描述了作者的行动，第七段是对整个故事的总结和道德寓意的提炼。
4 逐一回答问题
88 Did the writer take his children to the fast-food places they usually ate at on the sunny Sunday afternoon?
问题翻译： 作者在阳光明媚的周日下午带孩子们去了他们通常去的快餐店吗？
回答： No, he did not.
回答翻译： 不，他没有。
依据： "It felt good taking my two grown sons and daughter to a nice sit-down restaurant instead of the fast-food places we usually ate at."
依据翻译： 带着我的两个成年的儿子和女儿去一家不错的正餐厅用餐，而不是我们通常去的快餐店，感觉很好。
89 Why didn’t the writer choose the second bill in the first place?
问题翻译： 作者为什么最初没有选择第二张钞票？
回答： He initially chose the smaller bill because it was enough to cover the rest of the bill and give a nice tip.
回答翻译： 他最初选择较小的钞票，因为它足以支付剩余的账单并给出一个不错的小费。
依据： "The first would cover the rest of the bill and give the waitress a nice tip."
依据翻译： 第一张钞票足以支付剩余的账单并给服务员一个不错的小费。
90 What made the writer change his mind in the end?
问题翻译： 什么让作者最终改变了主意？
回答： The memory of his own struggles as a waiter made him change his mind.
回答翻译： 他自己作为服务员的艰辛回忆让他改变了主意。
依据： "At that moment my mind flashed back to 30 years ago. I was working as a waiter..."
依据翻译： 那一刻，我的思绪回到了30年前。我当时是一名服务员……
91 Why are there always pain and sadness in the waitresses’ faces at the end of the day?
问题翻译： 为什么女服务员在一天结束时脸上总是带着痛苦和悲伤？
回答： They worry about how to pay the rent and buy their kids things they needed with their little tips.
回答翻译： 她们担心如何用微薄的小费支付房租和给孩子买东西。
依据： "I also remembered how more than once I saw the waitress counting their little tips worrying about how they were going to pay the rent and buy their kids things they needed."
依据翻译： 我也记得不止一次看到女服务员数着她们的小费，担心如何支付房租和给孩子买东西。
92 What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 6 refer to?
问题翻译： 第六段中划线的词“them”指的是什么？
回答： "them" refers to the waitress.
回答翻译： "them"指的是服务员。
依据： "As we all got up from the table, I handed them to the hard-working waitress."
依据翻译： 当我们从桌子旁站起来时，我把礼券和钞票交给了辛勤工作的服务员。
93 How do you understand the underlined sentence “We are all children of the same earth."?
问题翻译： 你如何理解划线的句子“We are all children of the same earth."？
回答： It means we should be kind to each other as we all share the same world.
回答翻译： 这意味着我们应该对彼此友好，因为我们共享同一个世界。
依据： "We are all children of the same earth. Do your best to be kind then."
依据翻译： 我们都是同一个地球上的孩子。那么，尽你所能地去善良吧。