使用FeignClient调用
FeignClient调用大多用于微服务开发中,各服务之间的接口调用。它以Java接口注解的方式调用HTTP请求,使服务间的调用变得简单
1、在使用方引入依赖
<!-- Feign注解 这里openFeign的版本要和自己使用的SpringBoot匹配--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> <!-- <version>4.0.1</version> --> </dependency>
2、服务接口调用方
2.1、在启动类上加上@EnableFeigncliens注解
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients; @SpringBootApplication @EnableFeignClients public class StudyfeignApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(StudyfeignApplication.class, args); System.out.println("项目启动成功"); } }
2.2、编写Feign接口调用服务controller层
import com.hysoft.studyfeign.service.SysUserClient; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController @RequestMapping("feign") public class SysUserController { @Autowired private SysUserClient sysUserClient; @PostMapping("getUserId") public void getUserId(String userId){ this.sysUserClient.getUserById(userId); } }
2.3、服务接口调用service层
feign的客户端需要使用@FeignClient注解进行表示,这样扫描时才知道这是一个feign客户端。@FeignClient最常用的就两个属性,一个name,用于给客户端定义一个唯一的名称,另一个就是url,用于定义该客户端调用的远程地址。url中的内容,可以写在配置文件application.yml中,便于管理
@Service @FeignClient(name = "feign-service",url = "${master-getuserbyId}") public interface SysUserClient { @PostMapping("/master/test") String getUserById(String id); }
application.yml中的配置如下
server: port: 8081 master-getuserbyId: http://localhost:8080
3、服务接口提供者
对于接口提供者来说没有特别要求,和正常的接口开发一样
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4、说明
需要说明的是,在接口调用方,可以继续拓展service层,书写service实现层,进一步进行拓展
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service public class SysUserClientImpl implements SysUserClient{ @Override public String getUserById(String id) { return ""; } }
使用RestTemplate调用
RestTemplate中几个常用的方法:getForObject()、getForEntity()、postForObject()、postForEntity()。其中,getForObject() 和 getForEntity() 方法可以用来发送 GET 请求
1、引入依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency>
2、RestTemplateConfig配置类
SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory类对应的HTTP库是JDK自带的HttpUrlConnection,当然我们可以根据自身的需求使用其他的HTTP库,例如HttpComponentsAsyncClientHttpRequestFactory
@Configuration public class RestTemplateConfig { @Bean public RestTemplate restTemplate(ClientHttpRequestFactory factory){ return new RestTemplate(factory); } @Bean public ClientHttpRequestFactory simpleClientHttpRequestFactory(){ SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory(); factory.setReadTimeout(5000);//单位为ms factory.setConnectTimeout(5000);//单位为ms return factory; } }
3、接口调用
@RestController public class TestRestTemplate { @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @GetMapping(value = "/saveUser") public void saveUser(String userId) { String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/master/test"; Map map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("userId", "hy001"); String results = restTemplate.postForObject(url, map, String.class); } }
使用WebClient调用
Spring3.0引入了RestTemplate,但是在后来的官方源码中介绍,RestTemplate有可能在未来的版本中被弃用,所谓替代RestTemplate,在Spring5中引入了WebClient作为异步的非阻塞、响应式的HTTP客户端。
1、引入依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId> </dependency>
2、接口调用示例
public class TestWebClient { @Test public void doGet() { String userId = "郭郭"; String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/master/test/getSysUserById?userId={userId}"; Mono<String> mono = WebClient //创建WebClient实例 .create() //方法调用,WebClient中提供了多种方法 .get() //请求url .uri(url, userId) //获取响应结果 .retrieve() //将结果转换为指定类型 .bodyToMono(String.class); //返回最终结果:block是阻塞的/subscribe()非阻塞式获取响应结果 System.out.println("响应结果:" + mono.block()); } @Test public void doPost() { Map map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("name", "郭郭"); String requestBody = JSON.toJSONString(map); String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/master/test/saveUser"; Mono<String> mono = WebClient //创建WebClient实例 .create() //方法调用,WebClient中提供了多种方法 .post() //请求url .uri(url) //指定请求的Content-Type为JSON .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON) //使用bodyValue方法传递请求体 .bodyValue(requestBody) //获取响应结果 .retrieve() //将结果转换为指定类型 .bodyToMono(String.class); //返回最终结果:block是阻塞的/subscribe()非阻塞式获取响应结果 System.out.println("响应结果:" + mono.block()); } }
在上述doPost请求中,我们的请求接口入参是一个Map,但是需要转换为JSON格式传递,这是因为WebClient默认是使用JSON序列化的。
使用Apache HttpClient调用
public class TestHttpClient { @Test public void doGet() throws IOException { //步骤一:创建httpClient实例 CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); //步骤二:创建HTTP请求 HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://127.0.0.1:8094/masterdata/sysUser/getSysUserById?userId=郭郭"); //步骤三:发送请求并获取响应数据 CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); //步骤四:处理响应数据 HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity); //步骤五:关闭httpClient和response response.close(); httpClient.close(); } @Test public void doPost() throws IOException { //步骤一:创建httpClient实例 CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); //步骤二:创建HTTP请求 HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://127.0.0.1:8094/masterdata/sysUser/saveUser"); //步骤三:设置请求体数据,使用JSON格式 Map map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("name", "郭郭"); String requestBody = JSON.toJSONString(map); StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(requestBody, "UTF-8"); stringEntity.setContentType("application/json"); httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity); //步骤四:发送请求并获取响应数据 CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost); //步骤五:处理响应数据 HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity); //步骤五:关闭httpClient和response response.close(); httpClient.close(); } }
使用HttpURLConnection调用
public class TestHttpURLConnection { @Test public void doGet() throws IOException { String userId = "郭郭"; // 参数值 userId = URLEncoder.encode(userId, "UTF-8"); // 对参数值进行URL编码 //步骤一:创建URL对象 URL url = new URL("http://127.0.0.1:8094/masterdata/sysUser/getSysUserById?userId=" + userId); //步骤二:打开连接 HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); //步骤三:设置请求方式 conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); //步骤四:读取响应内容 BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream())); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); String line; while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { sb.append(line); } reader.close(); System.out.println(sb.toString()); } @Test public void doPost() throws IOException { //创建URL对象 URL url = new URL("http://127.0.0.1:8094/masterdata/sysUser/saveUser"); //打开连接 HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); //设置请求方式 conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); // 设置请求头 conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json"); //启用输出流 conn.setDoOutput(true); //设置请求体数据 Map map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("name", "郭郭"); String requestBody = JSON.toJSONString(map); //发送请求体数据 try (DataOutputStream outputStream = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream())) { outputStream.write(requestBody.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); } //读取响应内容 BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream())); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); String line; while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { sb.append(line); } reader.close(); System.out.println(sb.toString()); } }
使用OkHttp调用
1、引入依赖
<!--okhttp依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId> <artifactId>okhttp</artifactId> <version>4.0.0</version> </dependency>
2、示例代码
public class TestOkHttp { @Test public void doGet() throws IOException { OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/master/test/getSysUserById?userId=郭郭"; Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build(); try (Response response = client.newCall(request).execute()) { ResponseBody body = response.body(); System.out.println(body.string()); } } @Test public void doPost() throws IOException{ OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/master/test/saveUser"; MediaType mediaType = MediaType.get("application/json; charset=utf-8"); //requestBody请求入参 Map map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("name", "admin"); RequestBody requestBody = RequestBody.create(mediaType, JSON.toJSONString(map)); Request request = new Request.Builder() .url(url) .post(requestBody) .build(); try (Response response = client.newCall(request).execute()) { ResponseBody body = response.body(); System.out.println(body.string()); } } }
使用AsyncHttpClient调用
1、引入依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.asynchttpclient</groupId> <artifactId>async-http-client</artifactId> <version>2.12.3</version> </dependency>
2、示例代码
public class TestAsyncHttpClient { @Test public void doGet() throws IOException { try (AsyncHttpClient client = new DefaultAsyncHttpClient();) { BoundRequestBuilder requestBuilder = client.prepareGet("http://127.0.0.1:8080/master/test/getSysUserById?userId=hy001"); CompletableFuture<String> future = requestBuilder.execute() .toCompletableFuture() .thenApply(Response::getResponseBody); //使用join等待响应完成 String responseBody = future.join(); System.out.println(responseBody); } } @Test public void doPost() throws IOException { try (AsyncHttpClient client = new DefaultAsyncHttpClient();) { BoundRequestBuilder requestBuilder = client.preparePost("http://127.0.0.1:8094/8080/master/test/saveUser"); //requestBody请求入参 Map map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("name", "admin"); String requestBody = JSON.toJSONString(map); requestBuilder.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json"); requestBuilder.setBody(requestBody); CompletableFuture<String> future = requestBuilder.execute() .toCompletableFuture() .thenApply(Response::getResponseBody); //使用join等待响应完成 String responseBody = future.join(); System.out.println(responseBody); } } }
原文地址 https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40386113/article/details/141223841
标签:map,调用,SpringBoot,url,userId,接口,new,public,String From: https://www.cnblogs.com/xianz666/p/18517822