ModelForm

1.7 ModelForm

• 使用Form

  • 创建Form类 + 定义字段

    class LoginForm(forms.Form):
        user = forms.CharField(label="用户名", widget=forms.TextInput)
        pwd = forms.CharField(label="密码", widget=forms.TextInput)
    

  • 视图

    
    def login(request):
        if request.method == "GET":
            form = LoginForm()
            return render(request, "login.html", {"form": form})
        form = LoginForm(data=request.POST)
        if not form.is_valid():
            # 校验失败
            return render(request, "login.html", {"form": form})
        print(form.cleaned_data)
        # ...
        return HttpRespon("OK")
    

  • 前端

    <form>
        {% for field in form %}
        <p>{{ field.label }} {{ field }} {{ field.errors.0 }}</p>
        {% endfor %}
    </form>
    

• 使用ModelForm

  • models.py

    class UserInfo(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(verbose_name="用户名", max_length=32)
        age = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="年龄")
        email = models.CharField(verbose_name="邮箱", max_length=128)
    

  • 创建ModelForm

    class LoginForm(forms.ModelForm):
        mobile = forms.CharFiled(label="手机号")
    	class Meta:
            model = models.UserInfo
            fileds = ["name","age", "mobile"]
    

  • 视图使用

    def login(request):
        form = LoginModelForm()
        return render(request, "login.html", {"form": form})
    

  • 页面

    <form>
        {% for field in form %}
        <p>{{ field.label }} {{ field }} {{ field.errors.0 }}</p>
        {% endfor %}
    </form>
    

  注意：

  • 后续进行增伤改查是基于数据库Models中的某个表，推荐使用：ModelForm；

  • 如果要进行表单校验是与数据库的表无关直接使用Form。

1.8 ModelForm两个好的地方

1.8.1 初始化数据

• Form

  class LoginForm(BootStrapForm, forms.Form):
      user = forms.CharField(label="用户名", widget=forms.TextInput)
      pwd = forms.CharField(label="密码", widget=forms.TextInput)
  

  def login(request):
      form = LoginForm(initial={"user": "武沛齐", "pwd": "123"})
      return render(request, "login.html", {"form": form})
  

  

• ModelForm

  class LoginModelForm(BootStrapForm, forms.ModelForm):
      mobile = forms.CharField(label="手机号", widget=forms.TextInput)
  
      class Meta:
          model = models.UserInfo
          fields = ["name", "age", "mobile"]
          widgets = {
              "age": forms.TextInput,
          }
          labels = {
              "age": "x2",
          }
  
      def clean_name(self):
          value = self.cleaned_data['name']
          # raise ValidationError("....")
          return value
  

  def login(request):
      user_object = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=1).first()
      form = LoginModelForm(instance=user_object, initial={"mobile": "武沛齐"})
      return render(request, "login.html", {"form": form})
  

  

1.8.2 新建数据

• Form组件

  def login(request):
      if request.method == "GET":
      	form = LoginForm(initial={"user": "武沛齐", "pwd": "123"})
      	return render(request, "login.html", {"form": form})
      form = LoginForm(data=request.POST)
      if not form.is_valid():
          return render(request, "login.html", {"form": form})
      
      # form.cleaned_data
      # 手动读取字典，保存至数据库
      # models.UserInfo.objects.create(name=form.cleaned_data['xx'], pwd=form.cleaned_data['yy'])
      return HttpResponse("成功")
  

• ModelForm组件

  def login(request):
      if request.method == "GET":
      	form = LoginForm()
      	return render(request, "login.html", {"form": form})
      
      form = LoginForm(data=request.POST)
      if not form.is_valid():
          return render(request, "login.html", {"form": form})
      
      form.save() # 自动将数据新增到数据库
      return HttpResponse("成功")
  

1.8.3 更新数据

• Form组件

  def login(request):
      if request.method == "GET":
      	form = LoginForm(initial={"user": "武沛齐", "pwd": "123"})
      	return render(request, "login.html", {"form": form})
      form = LoginForm(data=request.POST)
      if not form.is_valid():
          return render(request, "login.html", {"form": form})
      
      # form.cleaned_data
      # 手动读取字典，保存至数据库
      # models.UserInfo.objects.create(name=form.cleaned_data['xx'], pwd=form.cleaned_data['yy'])
      # models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=1).update(name=form.cleaned_data['xx'], pwd=form.cleaned_data['y'])
      return HttpResponse("成功")
  

• ModelForm组件

  def login(request):
      if request.method == "GET":
      	form = LoginModelForm()
      	return render(request, "login.html", {"form": form})
      
      user_object = model.UserInfo.object.filter(id=1).first()
      form = LoginModelForm(data=request.POST, instance=user_object)
      if not form.is_valid():
          return render(request, "login.html", {"form": form})
      
      form.save() # 更新id=1
      return HttpResponse("成功")