**由来**
Docker 是将应用和环境打包成一个镜像。 这样，数据就不应该保存在容器中，否则容器删除，数据就会丢失，有着非常大的风险。 为此，容器和主机之间需要有一个数据共享技术，使得在 Docker 容器中产生的数据能够同步到本地。 这就是数据卷技术。其本质上是一个目录挂载，将容器内的目录挂载到主机上。
**使用**
1.挂载
[root@localhost ~]# `docker run -it -v /home/roo/:/home centos /bin/bash`
[root@439732944dea /]# cd home/
[root@439732944dea home]# ls
[root@439732944dea home]# touch a.txt
[root@439732944dea home]# ls
a.txt
[root@439732944dea home]# touch b.txt
[root@439732944dea home]# touch c.txt
[root@439732944dea home]# ls
a.txt b.txt bbb c.txt2.主机查看
[root@localhost ~]# cd /home/
[root@localhost home]# ls
roo
[root@localhost home]# cd roo/
[root@localhost roo]# ls
a.txt b.txt c.txt
[root@localhost roo]# touch bbb
[root@localhost roo]# ls
a.txt bbb b.txt c.txt3.查看挂载信息
[root@localhost roo]# docker inspect 439732944dea
查看代码 [
{
"Id": "439732944dea832eb6c55d08966a87260b45260d6bf8fbeb59e81a5a851ceb65",
"Created": "2024-05-28T12:54:50.427403411Z",
"Path": "/bin/bash",
"Args": [],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 15119,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2024-05-28T12:54:50.743374799Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/439732944dea832eb6c55d08966a87260b45260d6bf8fbeb59e81a5a851ceb65/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/439732944dea832eb6c55d08966a87260b45260d6bf8fbeb59e81a5a851ceb65/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/439732944dea832eb6c55d08966a87260b45260d6bf8fbeb59e81a5a851ceb65/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/439732944dea832eb6c55d08966a87260b45260d6bf8fbeb59e81a5a851ceb65/439732944dea832eb6c55d08966a87260b45260d6bf8fbeb59e81a5a851ceb65-json.log",
"Name": "/pensive_bartik",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"Platform": "linux",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": [
"/home/roo/:/home"
],
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "bridge",
"PortBindings": {},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"ConsoleSize": [
41,
102
],
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"CgroupnsMode": "private",
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "private",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "runc",
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": [],
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": [],
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": [],
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": [],
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": [],
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DeviceCgroupRules": null,
"DeviceRequests": null,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": null,
"OomKillDisable": null,
"PidsLimit": null,
"Ulimits": [],
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
"MaskedPaths": [
"/proc/asound",
"/proc/acpi",
"/proc/kcore",
"/proc/keys",
"/proc/latency_stats",
"/proc/timer_list",
"/proc/timer_stats",
"/proc/sched_debug",
"/proc/scsi",
"/sys/firmware",
"/sys/devices/virtual/powercap"
],
"ReadonlyPaths": [
"/proc/bus",
"/proc/fs",
"/proc/irq",
"/proc/sys",
"/proc/sysrq-trigger"
]
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1055d2ae164ff6fdacc9432765a585e2274d4eb5eb9f25ea5709cbe8a69ba2ec-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5011e75a42f46fdc508b256c9d323103abcc258f08f1608f57e813a4fd47bfec/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1055d2ae164ff6fdacc9432765a585e2274d4eb5eb9f25ea5709cbe8a69ba2ec/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1055d2ae164ff6fdacc9432765a585e2274d4eb5eb9f25ea5709cbe8a69ba2ec/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1055d2ae164ff6fdacc9432765a585e2274d4eb5eb9f25ea5709cbe8a69ba2ec/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"Mounts": [
{
"Type": "bind",
"Source": "/home/roo",
"Destination": "/home",
"Mode": "",
"RW": true,
"Propagation": "rprivate"
}
],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "439732944dea",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": true,
"AttachStdout": true,
"AttachStderr": true,
"Tty": true,
"OpenStdin": true,
"StdinOnce": true,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"Cmd": [
"/bin/bash"
],
"Image": "centos",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915",
"org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
"org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
"org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
"org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
}
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "3789d1f9b1472ad5e63ae546afdcd5ba77211cda54910389775f72c5ac790f75",
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/3789d1f9b147",
"Ports": {},
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "c4a436e01d0099b66f1fbabf53c39e87db6885fc01f9a9b1bc0f3afc4a4a18cc",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.3",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:03",
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:03",
"NetworkID": "e45fcd10035c41062d04781650d7ede49afc5a3671a9a52d7d52c13f43c8036e",
"EndpointID": "c4a436e01d0099b66f1fbabf53c39e87db6885fc01f9a9b1bc0f3afc4a4a18cc",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.3",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"DriverOpts": null,
"DNSNames": null
}
}
}
}
]