【truffle】快速入门

安装truffle

npm install -g truffle

创建truffle项目

mkdir truffle-quickstart
truffle init

查看目录结构 

编写合约

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

library ConvertLib{
	function convert(uint amount, uint conversionRate) public pure returns (uint convertedAmount)
	{
		return amount * conversionRate;
	}
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

import "./ConvertLib.sol";

contract MetaCoin {
	mapping (address => uint) balances;

	event Transfer(address indexed _from, address indexed _to, uint256 _value);

	constructor() {
		balances[tx.origin] = 10000;
	}

	function sendCoin(address receiver, uint amount) public returns(bool sufficient) {
		if (balances[msg.sender] < amount) return false;
		balances[msg.sender] -= amount;
		balances[receiver] += amount;
		emit Transfer(msg.sender, receiver, amount);
		return true;
	}

	function getBalanceInEth(address addr) public view returns(uint){
		return ConvertLib.convert(getBalance(addr),2);
	}

	function getBalance(address addr) public view returns(uint) {
		return balances[addr];
	}
}

 编译合约

truffle compile

编译完后会多一个build目录 

部署合约

部署脚本migrations/1_deploy_contracts.js

const ConvertLib = artifacts.require("ConvertLib");
const MetaCoin = artifacts.require("MetaCoin");

module.exports = function(deployer) {
  // 部署库ConvertLib，然后将ConvertLib链接到合约MetaCoin，然后部署合约MetaCoin
  
  deployer.deploy(ConvertLib);
  // 将已部署的库链接到合约或多个合约
  deployer.link(ConvertLib, MetaCoin);
  deployer.deploy(MetaCoin);
};

 修改配置truffle-config.js

下载ganache,Ganache - Truffle Suite

truffle migrate

测试合约

测试脚本solidity-TestMetaCoin.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

// These files are dynamically created at test time
import "truffle/Assert.sol";
import "truffle/DeployedAddresses.sol";
import "../contracts/MetaCoin.sol";

contract TestMetaCoin {

  function testInitialBalanceUsingDeployedContract() public {
    MetaCoin meta = MetaCoin(DeployedAddresses.MetaCoin());

    uint expected = 10000;

    Assert.equal(meta.getBalance(tx.origin), expected, "Owner should have 10000 MetaCoin initially");
  }

  function testInitialBalanceWithNewMetaCoin() public {
    MetaCoin meta = new MetaCoin();

    uint expected = 10000;

    Assert.equal(meta.getBalance(tx.origin), expected, "Owner should have 10000 MetaCoin initially");
  }

}

测试脚本js类型-metacoin.js

const MetaCoin = artifacts.require("MetaCoin");

contract('MetaCoin', (accounts) => {
  it('should put 10000 MetaCoin in the first account', async () => {
    const metaCoinInstance = await MetaCoin.deployed();
    const balance = await metaCoinInstance.getBalance.call(accounts[0]);

    assert.equal(balance.valueOf(), 10000, "10000 wasn't in the first account");
  });
  it('should call a function that depends on a linked library', async () => {
    const metaCoinInstance = await MetaCoin.deployed();
    const metaCoinBalance = (await metaCoinInstance.getBalance.call(accounts[0])).toNumber();
    const metaCoinEthBalance = (await metaCoinInstance.getBalanceInEth.call(accounts[0])).toNumber();

    assert.equal(metaCoinEthBalance, 2 * metaCoinBalance, 'Library function returned unexpected function, linkage may be broken');
  });
  it('should send coin correctly', async () => {
    const metaCoinInstance = await MetaCoin.deployed();

    // Setup 2 accounts.
    const accountOne = accounts[0];
    const accountTwo = accounts[1];

    // Get initial balances of first and second account.
    const accountOneStartingBalance = (await metaCoinInstance.getBalance.call(accountOne)).toNumber();
    const accountTwoStartingBalance = (await metaCoinInstance.getBalance.call(accountTwo)).toNumber();

    // Make transaction from first account to second.
    const amount = 10;
    await metaCoinInstance.sendCoin(accountTwo, amount, { from: accountOne });

    // Get balances of first and second account after the transactions.
    const accountOneEndingBalance = (await metaCoinInstance.getBalance.call(accountOne)).toNumber();
    const accountTwoEndingBalance = (await metaCoinInstance.getBalance.call(accountTwo)).toNumber();

    assert.equal(accountOneEndingBalance, accountOneStartingBalance - amount, "Amount wasn't correctly taken from the sender");
    assert.equal(accountTwoEndingBalance, accountTwoStartingBalance + amount, "Amount wasn't correctly sent to the receiver");
  });
});

truffle test