APScheduler的基本使用

第一步：安装APScheduler

pip install apscheduler

第二步：配置APScheduler

# 导入模块
from apscheduler.schedulers.background import BackgroundScheduler

# 自定义定时启动的任务
def my_job():
    print("Hello World")

# 创建调度器实例
scheduler = BackgroundScheduler()

# 添加任务，指定任务执行的方式
scheduler.add_job(my_job, 'interval', hours=1)

# 启动调度器
scheduler.start()

add_job的详细配置案例

1.每隔一定时间运行job —— interval

from apscheduler.schedulers.blocking import BlockingScheduler

def my_interval_job():
    print("Running my interval job!")

scheduler = BlockingScheduler()

# 每隔2分钟运行一次作业
scheduler.add_job(my_interval_job, 'interval', minutes=2, id='my_interval_job')

scheduler.start()

2.根据Cron时间表运行job —— interval

from apscheduler.schedulers.blocking import BlockingScheduler

def my_cron_job():
    print("Running my cron job!")

scheduler = BlockingScheduler()

# 每天上午10:15运行作业
scheduler.add_job(my_cron_job, 'cron', hour=10, minute=15, id='my_cron_job')

scheduler.start()

3.限制同时运行的job数量 —— max_instances

from apscheduler.schedulers.blocking import BlockingScheduler

def my_job():
    print("Running my job!")

scheduler = BlockingScheduler()

# 同时只允许有3个实例运行
scheduler.add_job(my_job, 'interval', seconds=5, max_instances=3, id='my_job_with_limited_instances')

scheduler.start()

案例：指定时间段内间隔固定时间执行job

from apscheduler.schedulers.blocking import BlockingScheduler
from datetime import datetime

def my_complex_job():
    print("Running my complex job!")

scheduler = BlockingScheduler()

scheduler.add_job(
    my_complex_job,
    'cron',
    day_of_week='mon-fri',  # 周一至周五
    hour=10,
    minute=15,
    start_date='2024-06-01',  # 开始日期
    end_date='2024-12-31',    # 结束日期
    week='*/2',               # 每隔2周
    misfire_grace_time=3600,  # 1小时的宽限期
    coalesce=True,            # 合并错过的作业
    max_instances=2,          # 最多2个实例
    id='my_complex_cron_job'
)

scheduler.start()

查看job状态信息

# 获取所有作业
jobs = scheduler.get_jobs()
job = scheduler.get_job('my_job_id')  # 获取指定job信息
# 打印每个作业的状态
for job in jobs:
    print(f"Job ID: {job.id}")
    print(f"Name: {job.name}")
    print(f"Next Run Time: {job.next_run_time}")
    print(f"Trigger: {job.trigger}")
    print("-" * 20)

# 监听job执行状态
from apscheduler.events import EVENT_JOB_EXECUTED, EVENT_JOB_ERROR

def my_listener(event):
    if event.exception:
        print(f"The job crashed : {event.job_id}")
    else:
        print(f"The job worked : {event.job_id}")

scheduler.add_listener(my_listener, EVENT_JOB_EXECUTED | EVENT_JOB_ERROR)