快读模板

getchar()

inline int read()
{
    int s = 0, w = 1; // s数值 w符号
    char ch = getchar();
    while(ch < '0' || ch > '9')
    {
        if(ch == '-') w *= -1;
        ch = getchar();
    }
    while('0' <= ch && ch <= '9')
    {
        // s = s * 10 + ch - '0';
        s = (s << 1) + (s << 3) + (ch ^ 48);
        ch = getchar();
    }
    return s * w;
}

ll read()
{
    ll x=0,w=0;char ch=getchar();
    while(!isdigit(ch))w|=ch=='-',ch=getchar();
    while(isdigit(ch))x=(x<<3)+(x<<1)+(ch^48),ch=getchar();
    return w?-x:x;
}

fread()

char buf[1 << 21], *pi = buf, *p2 = buf;
// p1 means start-pointer, p2 means end-pointer

inline char gc()
{
    if(pi = p2)
        p2 = (p1 = buf) + fread(buf, 1, 1 << 21, stdin);
    return *(p1 ++);
}

inline int read()
{
    int s = 0, w = 1; // s数值 w符号
    char ch = gc();
    while(ch < '0' || ch > '9')
    {
        if(ch == '-') w *= -1;
        ch = gc();
    }
    while('0' <= ch && ch <= '9')
    {
        // s = s * 10 + ch - '0';
        s = (s << 1) + (s << 3) + (ch ^ 48);
        ch = gc();
    }
    return s * w;
}