下载hive

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/hive/hive-4.0.0/apache-hive-4.0.0-bin.tar.gz
sudo chown -R hduser:hadoop /opt/hive-4.0.0

配置.bashrc

export HIVE_HOME=/opt/hive-4.0.0
export PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin

hive-site.xml

<configuration>
  <!-- 使用PostgreSQL作为Metastore -->
  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
    <value>jdbc:postgresql://localhost/metastore_db?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&amp;sslmode=disable&amp;TimeZone=UTC</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
    <value>org.postgresql.Driver</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
    <value>hive_user</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
    <value>hive_password</value>
  </property>

  <!-- Hive Metastore的端口，默认为9083 -->
  <property>
    <name>hive.metastore.uris</name>
    <value>thrift://localhost:9083</value>
  </property>

  <!-- 使用Hadoop 3.x的Hive编译版本 -->
  <property>
    <name>hive.execution.engine</name>
    <value>tez</value> <!-- 或spark, mapreduce 根据实际集群情况选择 -->
  </property>

  <!-- 如果使用Tez，还需配置Hadoop classpath以包含Tez jars -->
  <property>
    <name>hive.aux.jars.path</name>
    <value>/path/to/tez-jars/*,/path/to/other-libraries/*</value>
  </property>
</configuration>

初始化metastore

schematool -initSchema -dbType postgres