将 Bean 放入 Spring 容器中的五种方式

文章目录

• ​​1.@Configuration + @Bean​​
• ​​2.@Componet + @ComponentScan​​
• ​​3.@Import注解导入​​

• ​​3.1 @Import直接导入类​​
• ​​3.2 @Import + ImportSelector​​
• ​​3.3 @Import + ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar​​

• ​​3.4 @Import + DeferredImportSelector​​
• ​​4.使用FactoryBean接口​​
• ​​5.使用 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor​​

1.@Configuration + @Bean

@Configuration
public class MyConfiguration {
    @Bean
    public Person person() {
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setName("spring");
        return person;
    }
}

2.@Componet + @ComponentScan

@Component
public class Person {
    private String name;
 
    public String getName() {
 
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}
 
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.springboot.*")
public class Demo1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Demo1.class);
        Person bean = applicationContext.getBean(Person.class);
        System.out.println(bean);
    }
}

3.@Import注解导入

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Import {
 
    /**
   * 用于导入一个class文件
     * {@link Configuration @Configuration}, {@link ImportSelector},
     * {@link ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar}, or regular component classes to import.
     */
    Class<?>[] value();
 
}

3.1 @Import直接导入类

public class Person {
    private String name;
 
    public String getName() {
 
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}
/**
* 直接使用@Import导入person类，然后尝试从applicationContext中取，成功拿到
**/
@Import(Person.class)
public class Demo1 {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Demo1.class);
        Person bean = applicationContext.getBean(Person.class);
        System.out.println(bean);
    }
}

3.2 @Import + ImportSelector

@Import(MyImportSelector.class)
public class Demo1 {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Demo1.class);
        Person bean = applicationContext.getBean(Person.class);
        System.out.println(bean);
    }
}
 
class MyImportSelector implements ImportSelector {
    @Override
    public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata) {
        return new String[]{"com.springboot.pojo.Person"};
    }
}

自定义了一个 MyImportSelector 实现了 ImportSelector 接口，重写selectImports 方法，然后将我们要导入的类的全限定名写在里面即可

3.3 @Import + ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar

@Import(MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar.class)
public class Demo1 {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Demo1.class);
        Person bean = applicationContext.getBean(Person.class);
        System.out.println(bean);
    }
}
 
class MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {
 
    @Override
    public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
        // 构建一个beanDefinition, 关于beanDefinition我后续会介绍，可以简单理解为bean的定义.
        AbstractBeanDefinition beanDefinition = BeanDefinitionBuilder.rootBeanDefinition(Person.class).getBeanDefinition();
        // 将beanDefinition注册到Ioc容器中.
        registry.registerBeanDefinition("person", beanDefinition);
    }
}

3.4 @Import + DeferredImportSelector

@Import(MyDeferredImportSelector.class)
public class Demo1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Demo1.class);
        Person bean = applicationContext.getBean(Person.class);
        System.out.println(bean);
    }
}
class MyDeferredImportSelector implements DeferredImportSelector {
    @Override
    public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata) {
        // 也是直接将Person的全限定名放进去
        return new String[]{Person.class.getName()};
    }
}

DeferredImportSelector 它是 ImportSelector 的子接口, 它和Spring Boot中的自动导入配置文件 延迟导入有关.

4.使用FactoryBean接口

FactoryBean 是一个Bean, BeanFactory 为ioc 工厂

@Configuration
public class Demo1 {
    @Bean
    public PersonFactoryBean personFactoryBean() {
        return new PersonFactoryBean();
    }
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Demo1.class);
        Person bean = applicationContext.getBean(Person.class);
        System.out.println(bean);
    }
}
 
class PersonFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<Person> {
 
    /**
     *  直接new出来Person进行返回.
     */
    @Override
    public Person getObject() throws Exception {
        return new Person();
    }
    /**
     *  指定返回bean的类型.
     */
    @Override
    public Class<?> getObjectType() {
        return Person.class;
    }
}

5.使用 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor

这种方式也是利用到了 ​​BeanDefinitionRegistry​​​, 在Spring容器启动的时候会执行 ​​BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor​​​ 的 ​​postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry​​ 方法。

等​​beanDefinition​​​加载完毕之后, 对 ​​beanDefinition​​​ 进行后置处理, 可以在此进行调整IOC容器中的​​beanDefinition​​​，从而干扰到后面进行初始化​​bean​​。

public class Demo1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
        MyBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor beanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor = new MyBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor();
        applicationContext.addBeanFactoryPostProcessor(beanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor);
        applicationContext.refresh();
        Person bean = applicationContext.getBean(Person.class);
        System.out.println(bean);
    }
}
 
class MyBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor implements BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor {
 
    @Override
    public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeansException {
        AbstractBeanDefinition beanDefinition = BeanDefinitionBuilder.rootBeanDefinition(Person.class).getBeanDefinition();
        registry.registerBeanDefinition("person", beanDefinition);
    }
    @Override
    public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
 
    }
}