Barn Burning
作者
William Faulkner: 1897-1962
作品
Novels:
- The Sound and the Fury (1929)
- As I Lay Dying (1930)
- Sanctuary (1931)
- Light in August (1932)
- Absalom, Absalom! (1936)
- Wild Palms (1936)
Short Stories - These Thirteen (1931)
- Go Down, Moses (1942)
- Collected Stories of William Faulkner (1950)
写作手法(stream of consciousness)
The literary technique that records the multifarious thoughts and feelings of a character without regard to logical argument or narrative sequence.
The writer attempts by the stream of consciousness to reflect all the forces, external and internal, influencing the psychology of a character at a single moment.
The technique was first employed by Édouard Dujardin (1861–1949) in his novel Les Lauriers sont coupés (1888) and was subsequently used by such notable writers as James Joyce, Virginia Woolf, and William Faulkner.
The phrase “stream of consciousness” to indicate the flow of inner experience was first used by William James in Principles of Psychology (1890).
内容
Abner Snopes, a proud, poor Southern tenant farmer in the late 19th century believes his employer has treated him unfairly. Abner will get revenge by burning his employer's barn. Abner's son, Sarty, wants his father's acceptance and love, but is horrified by the fire. Abner senses this and lectures his son on loyalty and the value of taking justice into your own hands. The burning can't be pinned on Snopes, but he and his family are told to move on. In a new job with a rich Major de Spain, Snopes once again is offended. So he tracks dirt on his employer's rug. The Major demands $100 compensation. Sarty sees the fire beginning to rage in his father's cold eyes. Sarty agonizes. He hesitates. Then he warns the Major to look after his barn and thus betrays his father.
主旨
The conflict between loyalty to one's family and loyalty to honor and justice is vividly illustrated by having a young 10-year-old boy confront this dilemma as part of his initiation into manhood.
Torn between trying to win his father's acceptance and his aversion to what his father will do, Sarty must make a decision and act quickly.
分析
- What's the function of the first court? General store; story; sentence.
For the family to come to a new farm. And shows father's behavior before leaving, barn burning. - Why is the camp fire the father built so small?
Father once stole horses in the civil war, to escape being chased, so cultivatied the habit of building small fire. - What's the central image of the story/movie? Fresh dropping?
father and son. // 马粪 - Where does the rug come from? How much does it cost? How much is the compensation?
france;100dollars; - What's the function of the second court? School; story; sentence.
??? - How is the family divided into three sides?
Father/brother :help burning;
mother/aunt/Sarty:against ;
two sisters:ignoring; - What scenes could show the parents' love to Sarty?
Mother, meat;
father, knife. - What's the father's motivation for the revenge?
hog ruin the corn
Almos' a man
作者
Richard Wright: 1908-1960
作品
Novels
- Native Son (1940)
- The Outsider (1953)
- Black Power (1954)
Stories
- Uncle Tom's Children (1938)
- Eight Men (1961)
Autobiography
- Black Boy (1945)
背景
The first decades of the twentieth century were difficult and violent ones for African Americans in the South.
More than two thousand African Americans, the great majority being men, were lynched by angry mobs between 1890 and 1920. Historians cite economic frustrations as the primary cause for this violent phenomenon, but at the time the common excuse for lynching was the alleged rape of a white woman by a black man. Lynching victims were subjected to torture, burning, and even castration.
内容
It chronicles the story of Dave, a young, African-American farm laborer struggling to assert his identity in the restrictive racist atmosphere of the rural South. Longing for a symbol of power and masculinity, Dave fantasizes that owning a gun will win him the respect he craves. After he gets a gun, he learns that he needs more than a gun to earn respect.
Key Terms: Adolescence; Powerlessness; Adulthood; Responsibility; Identity
主旨
Dave is poised between boyhood and adulthood.
Dave's parents, Hawkins, and the unnamed men he works with threaten Dave's fragile sense of manhood.
Dave's problem: he is almost a man, yet his lack of social and economic power makes him acutely aware that he is not quite one.
All of the events take place within the space between Hawkins' large farm and Dave's modest home, including the road that connects them and the store along the way.
The two locales of farm and home suggest a duality between have and have-not, rich and poor, white and black.
The road is a significant setting as it is a place of movement and transition where the story both begins and ends.
叙述方式
We are privy to Dave's thoughts, words, and actions throughout as the author employs the third person point of view.
The point of view enables the reader to completely understand the feelings of the main character, Dave. We are not privy to the thoughts of his mother or father.
The story leaves the reader with a feeling of uneasiness and many unresolved questions. Why is the father so harsh? Why is the son so naive?
分析
-
Why is the father so harsh?
The oldest child of the family;
The living conditions very harsh;
Bearing some responsibility of the family. -
Why is the son so naïve?
Always treated as a boy;
Protected well by his parents;
Still too young, too simple. -
What's the function of the crowd here?
to laugh at Dave as spectators. -
What's the symbolic meaning of the gun?
power, maturity, and manhood.
背作者神器
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define rep(i,a,b) for(int i=(a);i<=(b);++i)
using namespace std;
mt19937 rng(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
int main(){
ifstream in("a.in");
int n;
in>>n;
string s="";
getline(in,s);
vector<string>name(n,"");
vector<vector<string> >books(n);
vector<pair<string,string> >all;
rep(i,0,n-1){
getline(in,name[i]);
while(getline(in,s)){
if(s=="")break;
books[i].push_back(s);
all.push_back(make_pair(name[i],s));
}
}
rep(i,0,n-1){
system("cls");
cout<<"! "<<name[i]<<'\n';
for(auto&x:books[i]){
cout<<'\t'<<x<<'\n';
}
system("pause");
}
auto ask=[&](pair<string,string>x){
system("cls");
cout<<x.second<<'\n';
auto tmp(name);
shuffle(tmp.begin(),tmp.end(),rng);
int idx=0;
for(auto&x:tmp){
++idx;
printf("%d : %s\n",idx,x.c_str());
}
fflush(stdout);
int ans;
cin>>ans;
if(ans==0){ // pass
return 1;
}
if(ans==-1){ // don't know
printf("author is %s\n",x.first.c_str());
system("pause");
return 0;
}
if(ans<1||ans>n||tmp[ans-1]==x.first){
puts("correct!");
system("pause");
return 1;
}else{
puts("WA!");
printf("author is %s\n",x.first.c_str());
system("pause");
return 0;
}
};
while(!all.empty()){
int x=rng()%((int)all.size());
if(ask(all[x])){
all.erase(all.begin()+x);
}else{
all.push_back(all[x]);
}
}
return 0;
}
/* a.in
7
Richard Wright
Amos'a man
Native Son
The Outsider
Black Power
Uncle Tom's Children
Eight Men
Black Boy
William Faulkner
Barn Burning
The Sound and the Fury
As I Lay Dying
Sanctuary
Light in August
Absalom, Absalom!
Wild Palms
These Thirteen
Go Down, Moses
Collected Stories of William Faulkner
James Thurber
The Greatest Man in the World
The Male Animal
Fables for Our Time
My World--and Welcome to It
The Thurber Carnival
Thurber Country
Ernest Hemingway
Soldier's Home
The Sun Also Rises
A Farewell to Arms
To Have and Have Not
For Whom the Bell Tolls
The Old Man and the Sea
In Our Time
Men without Women
Winner Take Nothing
A Movable Feast
Sherwood Anderson
I'm a Fool
Windy McPherson's Son
Poor White
Many Marriages
Dark Laughter
Winesburg, Ohio
The Triumph of the Egg
Horses and Men
Death in the Woods and Other Stories
A Story-Teller's Story
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Bernice Bobs Her Hair
This Side of Paradise
The Beautiful and Damned
The Great Gatsby
Tender Is the Night
The Last Tycoon
Flappers and Philosophers
Tales of the Jazz Age
All the Sad Young Men
Taps at Reveille
The Crack-up
Willa Cather
Paul's case
My Antonia
A Lost Lady
The Professor's House
Death Comes for the Archbishop
The Troll Garden
Youth and the Bright Medusa
Obscure Destinies
The Old Beauty and Others
Not under Forty
*/