标签：ago 0.0 tcp hours 常用命令 docker root

docker 常用命令

镜像命令

搜索镜像：docker search

docker search 镜像名字

例子：docker search mysql

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker search mysql
NAME                            DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql                           MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   14736     [OK]       
mariadb                         MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou…   5622      [OK]       
percona                         Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL relati…   623       [OK]       
phpmyadmin                      phpMyAdmin - A web interface for MySQL and M…   919       [OK]       
bitnami/mysql                   Bitnami MySQL Docker Image                      105                  [OK]
bitnami/mysqld-exporter                                                         6                    
cimg/mysql                                                                      2                       [OK]

docker search 镜像名字:版本号

例子：docker search mysql:5.7

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker search mysql:5.7
NAME                                      DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
migs/mysql-5.7                            mysql:5.7 plus some basic enhancements          2                    [OK]
idyci/mysql                               mysql:5.7.25                                    1                    
xiao806852034/mysql57                     基于 mysql:5.7                                  0                    
framgiaciteam/mysql-256                   FROM mysql:5.7  CMD ["--block_encryption_mod…   0                    
metatronx/mysql                           mysql:5.7 + druid account & database            0                    
haswind/mysql                             mysql:5.7                                       0                    
stsiwo/sts-blog-db                        base image mysql:5.7.28                         0

NAME：镜像的名称。
DESCRIPTION：镜像的描述或说明。
STARS：镜像的星级评分，表示镜像的受欢迎程度。更高的星级通常表示更受欢迎的镜像。
OFFICIAL：一个指示标志，表示官方的Docker镜像。官方镜像是由Docker官方团队维护和支持的镜像。
AUTOMATED：一个指示标志，表示镜像是否通过自动化流程进行构建和更新

拉取镜像:docker pull

docker pull 镜像名字:版本号

例子：docker pull redis:6.0.1

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker pull redis:6.0.1
6.0.1: Pulling from library/redis
54fec2fa59d0: Pull complete 
9c94e11103d9: Pull complete 
04ab1bfc453f: Pull complete 
a22fde870392: Pull complete 
def16cac9f02: Pull complete 
1604f5999542: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:1ef229049219dc2a64df9a83a0b165d79990392cfa6273a0f960fbb61964f812
Status: Downloaded newer image for redis:6.0.1
docker.io/library/redis:6.0.1

docker pull 镜像名字

默认拉取最新的镜像

查看镜像:docker images

docker images 列出本地所有镜像详细信息

列子：docker images

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
java-demo    v1.0      c6e1da18a973   18 hours ago    370MB
nginx        latest    605c77e624dd   24 months ago   141MB
redis        latest    7614ae9453d1   2 years ago     113MB
mysql        5.7       c20987f18b13   2 years ago     448MB

docker images -a 列出本地所有镜像详细信息

等价于docker images

列子：docker images -a

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker images -a
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
java-demo    v1.0      c6e1da18a973   18 hours ago    370MB
nginx        latest    605c77e624dd   24 months ago   141MB
redis        latest    7614ae9453d1   2 years ago     113MB
mysql        5.7       c20987f18b13   2 years ago     448MB

docker images -q 列出本地所有镜像唯一标识id

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker images -q
c6e1da18a973
605c77e624dd
7614ae9453d1
c20987f18b13

docker images -aq 列出本地所有镜像唯一标识id

例子：docker images -aq

等价于docker images -q

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker images -aq
c6e1da18a973
605c77e624dd
7614ae9453d1
c20987f18b13

删除镜像:docker rmi

docker rmi 镜像id

例子：**docker rmi **

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker images 
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
java-demo    v1.0      c6e1da18a973   19 hours ago    370MB
nginx        latest    605c77e624dd   24 months ago   141MB
redis        latest    7614ae9453d1   2 years ago     113MB
mysql        5.7       c20987f18b13   2 years ago     448MB
redis        6.0.1     f9b990972689   3 years ago     104MB
[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker rmi  f9b990972689
Untagged: redis:6.0.1
Untagged: redis@sha256:1ef229049219dc2a64df9a83a0b165d79990392cfa6273a0f960fbb61964f812
Deleted: sha256:f9b9909726890b00d2098081642edf32e5211b7ab53563929a47f250bcdc1d7c
Deleted: sha256:7bd7286c61dee81eb691f022d070202ba2840574c460f6dcbc21792f8bf22a7f
Deleted: sha256:ba618723adf8eb28ec3d2b2003442599e3f947b4d66875b80dc6582c61f89a27
Deleted: sha256:cd3c331f934414f0d7a2a3ceb80935a54252dba553f1c1ee823961a07e8d1957
Deleted: sha256:09f9b5d7722b181ae2acd61396c20549afdea66ee31f921850191db5afe6738a
Deleted: sha256:3bd2921d0d3dd52dbcdc462f35b11cb89df901205284b0fea03c19bb8359907a
Deleted: sha256:c2adabaecedbda0af72b153c6499a0555f3a769d52370469d8f6bd6328af9b13

dockers rmi -f 镜像id: 强制删除镜像id

例子：**docker rmi -f **

运行镜像:docker run

docker run 命令参数镜像名

docker run [参数] 镜像名 
参数
--name=="名字"：指定容器的名称，如果正在运行该名称的容器，会报错。
--rm：用完即删除，通常用来测试。 
-d：后台方式运行。 
-it：使用交互方式运行，可以进入容器查看内容。 
-e：指定运行环境。

-P：随机指定端口。 
-p：指定容器的端口，如：-p 8080:8080。还可以有以下写法： 
-p ip:主机端口:容器端口 
-p 主机端口:容器端口
-p 容器端口
-v 主机目录:容器目录 。目录映射，容器目录挂载到宿主机目录，格式： <host目录>:<容器目录>。

docker run -it 镜像名 /bin/bash ：运行镜像并进入容器内

例子：docker run -it 镜像名字 /bin/bash

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
java-demo    v1.0      c6e1da18a973   20 hours ago    370MB
nginx        latest    605c77e624dd   24 months ago   141MB
redis        latest    7614ae9453d1   2 years ago     113MB
mysql        5.7       c20987f18b13   2 years ago     448MB
redis        6.0.1     f9b990972689   3 years ago     104MB

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker run -it redis:6.0.1 /bin/bash
root@69d9ed6e4c59:/data# pwd
/data
root@69d9ed6e4c59:/data# ls
root@69d9ed6e4c59:/data# 
root@69d9ed6e4c59:/data# exit
exit
#退出容器

docker 后台运行

docker run -d -p 8888:80 \
-v /data/html:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro \
-v /data/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
--name mynginx \
nginx


-d后台运行docker  
-p 主机端口:容器端口
-v 目录映射，容器目录挂载到宿主机目录.通过修改主机，同步到容器目录
--name 起别名
nginx  镜像名

容器命令

查看容器：docker ps

docker ps

docker ps [参数]
参数

-a：查看所有容器（包括正在运行的和已经停止的）。
-n：显示最近创建的容器，设置显示个数。
-q：只显示容器的编号。

docker ps 查看正在运行docker

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# clear
[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE            COMMAND                  CREATED        STATUS        PORTS                                                  NAMES
df1d6b3e9740   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   2 hours ago    Up 2 hours    0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp, :::8888->80/tcp                  mynginx
9d59e3a0a559   java-demo:v1.0   "java -jar /app.jar"     20 hours ago   Up 20 hours   0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp              sky-app
95e24b2ed28b   mysql:5.7        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   21 hours ago   Up 21 hours   33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3333->3306/tcp, :::3333->3306/tcp   mysql
e8f8898348e2   redis:latest     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   21 hours ago   Up 21 hours   0.0.0.0:6666->6379/tcp, :::6666->6379/tcp              myredis

docker ps -a 查看所有容器（停止和运行）

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE            COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                        PORTS                                                  NAMES
69d9ed6e4c59   redis:6.0.1      "docker-entrypoint.s…"   14 minutes ago   Exited (127) 11 minutes ago                                                          eager_gates
bf3ae3fe8406   redis:6.0.1      "docker-entrypoint.s…"   14 minutes ago   Exited (0) 14 minutes ago                                                            jolly_pare
6a7e17a2ed10   mysql:5.7        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   18 minutes ago   Exited (1) 18 minutes ago                                                            heuristic_banach
df1d6b3e9740   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   2 hours ago      Up 2 hours                    0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp, :::8888->80/tcp                  mynginx
9d59e3a0a559   java-demo:v1.0   "java -jar /app.jar"     20 hours ago     Up 20 hours                   0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp              sky-app
de5d2f91e033   605c77e624dd     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   20 hours ago     Exited (0) 20 hours ago                                                              pedantic_dirac
95e24b2ed28b   mysql:5.7        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   21 hours ago     Up 21 hours                   33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3333->3306/tcp, :::3333->3306/tcp   mysql
e8f8898348e2   redis:latest     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   21 hours ago     Up 21 hours                   0.0.0.0:6666->6379/tcp, :::6666->6379/tcp              myredis
9a05471456dc   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   22 hours ago     Exited (0) 22 hours ago                                                              nostalgic_ganguly
512c447bc56e   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   23 hours ago     Exited (0) 23 hours ago                                                              agitated_wescoff

docker ps -q查看所有容器编号（运行）

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker ps -q
df1d6b3e9740
9d59e3a0a559
95e24b2ed28b
e8f8898348e2

运行容器：docker start

docker start 容器id:启动容器

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker ps #当前运行容器
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE            COMMAND                  CREATED        STATUS        PORTS                                                  NAMES
df1d6b3e9740   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   2 hours ago    Up 2 hours    0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp, :::8888->80/tcp                  mynginx
9d59e3a0a559   java-demo:v1.0   "java -jar /app.jar"     20 hours ago   Up 20 hours   0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp              sky-app
95e24b2ed28b   mysql:5.7        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   21 hours ago   Up 21 hours   33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3333->3306/tcp, :::3333->3306/tcp   mysql
e8f8898348e2   redis:latest     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   21 hours ago   Up 21 hours   0.0.0.0:6666->6379/tcp, :::6666->6379/tcp              myredis
[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker ps -a #全部容器
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE            COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                        PORTS                                                  NAMES
69d9ed6e4c59   redis:6.0.1      "docker-entrypoint.s…"   16 minutes ago   Exited (127) 13 minutes ago                                                          eager_gates
bf3ae3fe8406   redis:6.0.1      "docker-entrypoint.s…"   16 minutes ago   Exited (0) 16 minutes ago                                                            jolly_pare
6a7e17a2ed10   mysql:5.7        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   19 minutes ago   Exited (1) 19 minutes ago                                                            heuristic_banach
df1d6b3e9740   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   2 hours ago      Up 2 hours                    0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp, :::8888->80/tcp                  mynginx
9d59e3a0a559   java-demo:v1.0   "java -jar /app.jar"     20 hours ago     Up 20 hours                   0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp              sky-app
de5d2f91e033   605c77e624dd     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   20 hours ago     Exited (0) 20 hours ago                                                              pedantic_dirac
95e24b2ed28b   mysql:5.7        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   21 hours ago     Up 21 hours                   33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3333->3306/tcp, :::3333->3306/tcp   mysql
e8f8898348e2   redis:latest     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   21 hours ago     Up 21 hours                   0.0.0.0:6666->6379/tcp, :::6666->6379/tcp              myredis
9a05471456dc   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   22 hours ago     Exited (0) 22 hours ago                                                              nostalgic_ganguly
512c447bc56e   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   23 hours ago     Exited (0) 23 hours ago                                                              agitated_wescoff
[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker start 69d9ed6e4c59 #运行新的容器
69d9ed6e4c59

停止容器：docker stop

docker stop 容器id:停止容器

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker ps #查看运行容器
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE            COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS              PORTS                                                  NAMES
69d9ed6e4c59   redis:6.0.1      "docker-entrypoint.s…"   18 minutes ago   Up About a minute   6379/tcp                                               eager_gates
df1d6b3e9740   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   2 hours ago      Up 2 hours          0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp, :::8888->80/tcp                  mynginx
9d59e3a0a559   java-demo:v1.0   "java -jar /app.jar"     20 hours ago     Up 20 hours         0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp              sky-app
95e24b2ed28b   mysql:5.7        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   21 hours ago     Up 21 hours         33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3333->3306/tcp, :::3333->3306/tcp   mysql
e8f8898348e2   redis:latest     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   21 hours ago     Up 21 hours         0.0.0.0:6666->6379/tcp, :::6666->6379/tcp              myredis
[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker stop  69d9ed6e4c59 #停止容器
69d9ed6e4c59
[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE            COMMAND                  CREATED        STATUS        PORTS                                                  NAMES
df1d6b3e9740   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   2 hours ago    Up 2 hours    0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp, :::8888->80/tcp                  mynginx
9d59e3a0a559   java-demo:v1.0   "java -jar /app.jar"     20 hours ago   Up 20 hours   0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp              sky-app
95e24b2ed28b   mysql:5.7        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   21 hours ago   Up 21 hours   33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3333->3306/tcp, :::3333->3306/tcp   mysql
e8f8898348e2   redis:latest     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   21 hours ago   Up 21 hours   0.0.0.0:6666->6379/tcp, :::6666->6379/tcp              myredis

关闭容器出现错误：Error response from daemon: cannot stop container: ef8a2ff7151e: permission denied

参考链接：docker错误:Error response from daemon: cannot stop container_Tomatosky的博客-CSDN博客

重启容器：docker restart

docker restart 容器id

进入容器：docker exec

docker exec 参数容器id/容器名字路径

docker exec [参数] 容器 路径
参数

-d：后台运行。
-it：交互模式进入。

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker exec -it mynginx /bin/bash
root@df1d6b3e9740:/# pwd

退出容器：exit

exit

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker exec -it mynginx /bin/bash # 进入容器
root@df1d6b3e9740:/# pwd
/
root@df1d6b3e9740:/# exit # 退出容器
exit
[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# pwd
/root

删除容器：docker rm

docker rm 容器id

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE            COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS                                                  NAMES
69d9ed6e4c59   redis:6.0.1      "docker-entrypoint.s…"   25 minutes ago   Exited (0) 6 minutes ago                                                           eager_gates
bf3ae3fe8406   redis:6.0.1      "docker-entrypoint.s…"   25 minutes ago   Exited (0) 25 minutes ago                                                          jolly_pare
6a7e17a2ed10   mysql:5.7        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   28 minutes ago   Exited (1) 28 minutes ago                                                          heuristic_banach
df1d6b3e9740   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 hours ago      Up 2 hours                  0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp, :::8888->80/tcp                  mynginx
9d59e3a0a559   java-demo:v1.0   "java -jar /app.jar"     21 hours ago     Up 20 hours                 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp              sky-app
de5d2f91e033   605c77e624dd     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   21 hours ago     Exited (0) 20 hours ago                                                            pedantic_dirac
95e24b2ed28b   mysql:5.7        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   21 hours ago     Up 21 hours                 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3333->3306/tcp, :::3333->3306/tcp   mysql
e8f8898348e2   redis:latest     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   22 hours ago     Up 22 hours                 0.0.0.0:6666->6379/tcp, :::6666->6379/tcp              myredis
9a05471456dc   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   23 hours ago     Exited (0) 23 hours ago                                                            nostalgic_ganguly
512c447bc56e   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   23 hours ago     Exited (0) 23 hours ago                                                            agitated_wescoff
[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker rm 69d9ed6e4c59 # 删除容器
69d9ed6e4c59

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE            COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS                                                  NAMES
bf3ae3fe8406   redis:6.0.1      "docker-entrypoint.s…"   25 minutes ago   Exited (0) 25 minutes ago                                                          jolly_pare
6a7e17a2ed10   mysql:5.7        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   28 minutes ago   Exited (1) 28 minutes ago                                                          heuristic_banach
df1d6b3e9740   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 hours ago      Up 2 hours                  0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp, :::8888->80/tcp                  mynginx
9d59e3a0a559   java-demo:v1.0   "java -jar /app.jar"     21 hours ago     Up 20 hours                 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp              sky-app
de5d2f91e033   605c77e624dd     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   21 hours ago     Exited (0) 20 hours ago                                                            pedantic_dirac
95e24b2ed28b   mysql:5.7        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   21 hours ago     Up 21 hours                 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3333->3306/tcp, :::3333->3306/tcp   mysql
e8f8898348e2   redis:latest     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   22 hours ago     Up 22 hours                 0.0.0.0:6666->6379/tcp, :::6666->6379/tcp              myredis
9a05471456dc   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   23 hours ago     Exited (0) 23 hours ago                                                            nostalgic_ganguly
512c447bc56e   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   23 hours ago     Exited (0) 23 hours ago

杀死容器： docker kill(运行)

docker kill 容器id

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker kill bf3ae3fe8406 
Error response from daemon: Cannot kill container: bf3ae3fe8406: Container bf3ae3fe84068a50d942e68eab413daaf0fc6476fd9ccfb1a4db6123f392be51 is not running
[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE            COMMAND                  CREATED        STATUS        PORTS                                                  NAMES
df1d6b3e9740   nginx            "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 hours ago    Up 2 hours    0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp, :::8888->80/tcp                  mynginx
9d59e3a0a559   java-demo:v1.0   "java -jar /app.jar"     21 hours ago   Up 21 hours   0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp              sky-app
95e24b2ed28b   mysql:5.7        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   21 hours ago   Up 21 hours   33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3333->3306/tcp, :::3333->3306/tcp   mysql
e8f8898348e2   redis:latest     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   22 hours ago   Up 22 hours   0.0.0.0:6666->6379/tcp, :::6666->6379/tcp              myredis
[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker kill df1d6b3e9740 #杀死运行容器
df1d6b3e9740

容器内文件拷贝到主机：docker cp

docker cp 容器id:容器内路径目的主机路径


# 容器
root@df1d6b3e9740:/test# pwd
/test
root@df1d6b3e9740:/test# ls
test.text


#主机
[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker cp df1d6b3e9740:/test /root 
Successfully copied 2.05kB to /root

#查看cp

数据卷

Docker- 专栏 -KuangStudy

dockerfile

docker 流程图

基础知识

dockerfile 文件所在目录为上下文目录：即dockerfile文件所在目录下所有文件会被打包成镜像
Docker以从上到下的顺序运行Dockerfile的指令。为了指定基本映像，第一条指令必须是FROM。一个声明以＃字符开头则被视为注释。 所有命令全是大写
dockerfile在构建指令过程中存在缓存，相同的会使用缓存

命令集合

FROM:指定基础镜像，必须为第一个命令

格式：
　　FROM <image>
　　FROM <image>:<tag>
　　FROM <image>@<digest>
示例：
　　FROM mysql:5.6
注：
　　tag或digest是可选的，如果不使用这两个值时，会使用latest版本的基础镜像

例子：From mysql:5.6

RUN:构建镜像时执行的命令

格式：
    RUN <command>
exec执行
格式：
    RUN ["executable", "param1", "param2"]
示例：
    RUN apk update
    RUN ["/etc/execfile", "arg1", "arg1"]
注：
　　RUN指令创建的中间镜像会被缓存，并会在下次构建中使用。如果不想使用这些缓存镜像，可以在构建时指定--no-cache参数，如：docker build --no-cache

**例子：RUN yum install -y vim **

例子：RUN ["yum","install","-y","vim"]

FROM centos:7
RUN yum install -y vim

测试：

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z dockerfile]# docker build -t centos7  . #运行dockerfile
[+] Building 148.4s (6/6) FINISHED                                                  docker:default
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                     
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                       
 => [internal] load build definition from dockerfile                                  
 => => transferring dockerfile: 75B                                                    
 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/centos:7                           
 => [1/2] FROM docker.io/library/centos:7@sha256:9d4bcbbb213dfd745b58be38b13b996ebb5ac315fe75711bd618426a630e0987                                                                         
 => => resolve docker.io/library/centos:7@sha256:9d4bcbbb213dfd745b58be38b13b996ebb5ac315fe75711bd618426a630e0987                                                                         
 => => sha256:2d473b07cdd5f0912cd6f1a703352c82b512407db6b05b43f2553732b55df3bc 76.10MB / 76.10MB                                                                     
 => => sha256:9d4bcbbb213dfd745b58be38b13b996ebb5ac315fe75711bd618426a630e0987 1.20kB / 1.20kB                                                                             
 => => sha256:dead07b4d8ed7e29e98de0f4504d87e8880d4347859d839686a31da35a3b532f 529B / 529B                                                                                 
 => => sha256:eeb6ee3f44bd0b5103bb561b4c16bcb82328cfe5809ab675bb17ab3a16c517c9 2.75kB / 2.75kB                                                                             
 => => extracting sha256:2d473b07cdd5f0912cd6f1a703352c82b512407db6b05b43f2553732b55df3bc               
 => [2/2] RUN yum install -y vim                                                     
 => exporting to image                                                               
 => => exporting layers                                                               
 => => writing image sha256:7e8bd174d9bf5948b897ebb31d060f2ee52b4a36ce90a2957c703c6299aa987b               
 => => naming to docker.io/library/centos7

EXPOSE:指定于外界交互的端口

格式：
    EXPOSE <port> [<port>...]
示例：
    EXPOSE 80 443
    EXPOSE 8080
    EXPOSE 11211/tcp 11211/udp
注：
　　EXPOSE并不会让容器的端口访问到主机。要使其可访问，需要在docker run运行容器时通过-p来发布这些端口，或通过-P参数来发布EXPOSE导出的所有端口

注意事项：

如果不指定expose 暴露端口 ,即时使用docker run -p 主机端口：容器端口，其容器端口也不会生效，即此命令也会失效

例子 EXPOSE 80 443

WORKDIR:工作目录，类似于cd命令,目录不存在会自动创建

格式：
    WORKDIR /path/to/workdir
示例：
    WORKDIR /a  (这时工作目录为/a)
    WORKDIR b  (这时工作目录为/a/b)
    WORKDIR c  (这时工作目录为/a/b/c)
注：
　　通过WORKDIR设置工作目录后，Dockerfile中其后的命令RUN、CMD、ENTRYPOINT、ADD、COPY等命令都会在该目录下执行。在使用docker run运行容器时，可以通过-w参数覆盖构建时所设置的工作目录。

注意

可以写绝对路径，也可以写相对路径

例子 WORKDIR /data :当使用docker run -it 创建的镜像id ：会进入到容器中/data目录下，不存在docker自动创建

ADD:将本地文件添加到容器中，tar类型文件会自动解压(网络压缩资源不会被解压)，可以访问网络资源，类似wget

格式：
    ADD <src>... <dest>
    ADD ["<src>",... "<dest>"] 用于支持包含空格的路径
示例：
    ADD hom* /mydir/          # 添加所有以"hom"开头的文件
    ADD hom?.txt /mydir/      # ? 替代一个单字符,例如："home.txt"
    ADD test relativeDir/     # 添加 "test" 到 `WORKDIR`/relativeDir/
    ADD test /absoluteDir/    # 添加 "test" 到 /absoluteDir/

FROM centos:7
RUN yum install -y vim
WORKDIR /data
WORKDIR bb
ADD test.txt /data/bb

测试

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z dockerfile]# docker build -t centos7:1 . #打包docker
[+] Building 0.8s (10/10) FINISHED           docker:default
 => [internal] load build definition from dockerfile                                 
 => => transferring dockerfile: 121B                                                 
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                     
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                       
 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/centos:7                           
 => [1/5] FROM docker.io/library/centos:7@sha256:9d4bcbbb213dfd745b58be38b13b996ebb5ac315fe75711bd618426a630e0987                                                                                                                    0.0s
 => [internal] load build context                                                       
 => => transferring context: 49B                                                     
 => CACHED [2/5] RUN yum install -y vim                                               
 => [3/5] WORKDIR /data                                                                
 => [4/5] WORKDIR bb                                                                 
 => [5/5] ADD test.txt /data/bb                                                       
 => exporting to image                                                               
 => => exporting layers                                                               
 => => writing image sha256:e36ba9e6cf4c0f1d99f66f85b617a644b53843ff02c3e5815d48a45af6c39466               
 => => naming to docker.io/library/centos7:1                                         
[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z dockerfile]# ll
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 84 Dec 29 21:44 dockerfile
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  0 Dec 29 21:44 DOCKERFILE
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14 Dec 29 21:45 test.txt


# 进入打包好的docker中

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z dockerfile]# docker run -it centos7:1
[root@a076665e1bc5 bb]# pwd  #默认路径等于WORKDIR /data/bb
/data/bb
[root@a076665e1bc5 bb]# ll # ADD 命令copy 文件
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14 Dec 29 13:45 test.txt
[root@a076665e1bc5 bb]#

COPY:：将本地文件添加到容器中====功能类似ADD，但是是不会自动解压文件，也不能访问网络资源

VOLUME：用于指定持久化目录

格式：
    VOLUME ["/path/to/dir"]
示例：
    VOLUME ["/data"]
    VOLUME ["/var/www", "/var/log/apache2", "/etc/apache2"]
注：
　　一个卷可以存在于一个或多个容器的指定目录，该目录可以绕过联合文件系统，并具有以下功能：
1 卷可以容器间共享和重用
2 容器并不一定要和其它容器共享卷
3 修改卷后会立即生效
4 对卷的修改不会对镜像产生影响
5 卷会一直存在，直到没有任何容器在使用它

数据卷技术VOLUME

例子： VOLUME /data: **表示容器中/data 可以被挂载出来和主宿主机 **

ENV:设置环境变量

格式：
    ENV <key> <value>  #<key>之后的所有内容均会被视为其<value>的组成部分，因此，一次只能设置一个变量
    ENV <key>=<value> ...  #可以设置多个变量，每个变量为一个"<key>=<value>"的键值对，如果<key>中包含空格，可以使用\来进行转义，也可以通过""来进行标示；另外，反斜线也可以用于续行
示例：
    ENV myName John Doe
    ENV myDog Rex The Dog
    ENV myCat=fluffy

FROM centos:7
RUN yum install -y vim
WORKDIR /data
WORKDIR bb
ADD test.txt /data/bb


使用ENV
FROM centos:7
RUN yum install -y vim
WORKDIR /data
WORKDIR bb
ENV base /data/bb
ADD test.txt $base$

ENTRYPOINT：配置容器，使其可执行化。配合CMD可省去"application"，只使用参数。

格式：
    ENTRYPOINT ["executable", "param1", "param2"] (可执行文件, 优先)
    ENTRYPOINT command param1 param2 (shell内部命令)
示例：
    FROM ubuntu
    ENTRYPOINT ["top", "-b"]
    CMD ["-c"]
注：
　　　ENTRYPOINT与CMD非常类似，不同的是通过docker run执行的命令不会覆盖ENTRYPOINT，而docker run命令中指定的任何参数，都会被当做参数再次传递给ENTRYPOINT。Dockerfile中只允许有一个ENTRYPOINT命令，多指定时会覆盖前面的设置，而只执行最后的ENTRYPOINT指令

CMD：构建容器后调用，也就是在容器启动时才进行调用

格式：
    CMD ["executable","param1","param2"] (执行可执行文件，优先)
    CMD ["param1","param2"] (设置了ENTRYPOINT，则直接调用ENTRYPOINT添加参数)
    CMD command param1 param2 (执行shell内部命令)
示例：
    CMD echo "This is a test." | wc -
    CMD ["/usr/bin/wc","--help"]
注：
 　　CMD不同于RUN，CMD用于指定在容器启动时所要执行的命令，而RUN用于指定镜像构建时所要执行的命令。

命令图片

运行dockerfile

docker build 
-t   selfname:tag 自己起的镜像名字:版本号
-f       dockerfile文件所在目录
.  别忘了还有点

docker build -t mycentos:v0 -f /root/data/dockerfile/ .

dockerfile实战 springboot

构建dockerfile 文件

FROM openjdk:8-jre #基于java-8 镜像构建
WORKDIR /app #进入容器时所在的位置
ADD test.jar  app.jar #将*.jar 复制到工作目录/app 同时修改为app.jar
EXPOSE 8080# 容器暴露端口 
ENTRYPOINT ["java","-jar"] # 启动应用固定命令
CMD ["app.jar"] # 执行命令

运行dockerfile文件

docker build -t springboot .

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z springboot]# docker build -t springboot:1 .
[+] Building 197.8s (8/8) FINISHED         docker:default
 => [internal] load build definition from dockerfile                                 
 => => transferring dockerfile: 145B                                                 
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                     
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                       
 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/openjdk:8                         
 => [1/3] FROM docker.io/library/openjdk:8@sha256:8a9d5c43f540e8d0c003c723a2c8bd20ae350a2efed6fb5719cae33b026f8e7c                                                                       
 => => resolve docker.io/library/openjdk:8@sha256:8a9d5c43f540e8d0c003c723a2c8bd20ae350a2efed6fb5719cae33b026f8e7c                                                                       
 => => sha256:9b829c73b52b92b97d5c07a54fb0f3e921995a296c714b53a32ae67d19231fcd 5.15MB / 5.15MB                                                                             
 => => sha256:cb5b7ae361722f070eca53f35823ed21baa85d61d5d95cd5a95ab53d740cdd56 10.87MB / 10.87MB                                                                     
 => => sha256:8a9d5c43f540e8d0c003c723a2c8bd20ae350a2efed6fb5719cae33b026f8e7c 1.29kB / 1.29kB                                                                             
 => => sha256:9413213335131c4e06b21a8e379bd9b6a20afcd6b762540463d5f7c72942dcdd 1.79kB / 1.79kB                                                                             
 => => sha256:e24ac15e052e04a3462ef4984b5d83214f7f65c06f54acd3745a1926e226be16 7.81kB / 7.81kB                                                                             s
 => => sha256:0e29546d541cdbd309281d21a73a9d1db78665c1b95b74f32b009e0b77a6e1e3 54.92MB / 54.92MB                                                                     
 => => sha256:6494e4811622b31c027ccac322ca463937fd805f569a93e6f15c01aade718793 54.57MB / 54.57MB                                                                     
 => => sha256:668f6fcc5fa5532a1dd793456f64daf954192e0521fd65d42af584d5e2d93f55 5.42MB / 5.42MB                                                                             
 => => sha256:c0879393b07ef5fa816c292b00e3eb4945890bc2a69ab0d1754240cbe9cedf21 212B / 212B                                                                                 
 => => sha256:bef50c41a74d450f2d708be5971c3ba635ed1a714af7f4fa1497886adb2fa734 106.00MB / 106.00MB                                                                   
 => => extracting sha256:0e29546d541cdbd309281d21a73a9d1db78665c1b95b74f32b009e0b77a6e1e3                                                                    
 => => extracting sha256:9b829c73b52b92b97d5c07a54fb0f3e921995a296c714b53a32ae67d19231fcd               
 => => extracting sha256:cb5b7ae361722f070eca53f35823ed21baa85d61d5d95cd5a95ab53d740cdd56               
 => => extracting sha256:6494e4811622b31c027ccac322ca463937fd805f569a93e6f15c01aade718793               
 => => extracting sha256:668f6fcc5fa5532a1dd793456f64daf954192e0521fd65d42af584d5e2d93f55               
 => => extracting sha256:c0879393b07ef5fa816c292b00e3eb4945890bc2a69ab0d1754240cbe9cedf21               
 => => extracting sha256:bef50c41a74d450f2d708be5971c3ba635ed1a714af7f4fa1497886adb2fa734               
 => [internal] load build context                                                      
 => => transferring context: 74.45MB                                                 
 => [2/3] WORKDIR /app                                                                
 => [3/3] ADD test.jar  app.jar                                                       
 => exporting to image                                                               
 => => exporting layers                                                               
 => => writing image sha256:190539b052b810155ff8c4d51350d472d3e9da8b5a4b2383201ceddc6a2178cd               
 => => naming to docker.io/library/springboot:1                                       
[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z springboot]# ls
dockerfile  test.jar

运行容器

docker run -d -p 8080:8080 --name sb springboot:1

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z springboot]# docker run -d -p 8080:8080 --name sb springboot:1
d8fd5b1fc935ac27b7fcf1a3147e2c350b9fb96a94a5700e68ecf38455630dcc
[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z springboot]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                                                  NAMES
d8fd5b1fc935   springboot:1   "java -jar app.jar"      About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp              sb
df1d6b3e9740   nginx          "/docker-entrypoint.…"   24 hours ago         Up 21 hours         0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp, :::8888->80/tcp                  mynginx
95e24b2ed28b   mysql:5.7      "docker-entrypoint.s…"   43 hours ago         Up 43 hours         33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3333->3306/tcp, :::3333->3306/tcp   mysql
e8f8898348e2   redis:latest   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   43 hours ago         Up 43 hours         0.0.0.0:6666->6379/tcp, :::6666->6379/tcp              myredis

idea 配合dockerfile 部署springboot

详细博客：https://www.cnblogs.com/aaronlinv/p/15228488.html

参考博客

https://www.cnblogs.com/ccbloom/p/11174186.html

https://www.cnblogs.com/linyouyi/p/11407875.html

https://www.cnblogs.com/edisonchou/p/dockerfile_inside_introduction.html

DockerCompose

dockercompose 安装

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# yum install -y docker-compose

[root@iZ2vc2rht08hck1x6us154Z ~]# docker-compose -version
docker-compose version 1.18.0, build 8dd22a9

dockercompose.yml 编写

# 指定版本
version: "3"
# 服务的集合
services:
  # 其中一个服务，服务名为：webapp
  webapp:
    # 指定该服务使用的镜像
    image: examples/web
    # 端口映射
    ports:
      - "80:80"
    # 数据卷
    volumes:
      - "/data"

docker-compose 运行

# 后台启动 yaml 定义的所有容器
docker-compose up -d
# 仅启动 mysql 这个service，会启动其依赖的 service
docker-compose up mysql 指定启动的server名称，
# 停止容器并移除自动创建的网桥
docker-compose down 
# 重启所有 service 后面可以指定上某个具体的 service
docker-compose restart

# 暂停 和 恢复
docker-compose pause
docker-compose unpause

# 进入 redis 这个 service 使用 exit 退出
docker-compose exec redis bash

# 列出当前 yaml 中定义的容器的信息
docker-compose ps

# 删除当前 yaml 中定义的容器，需要先 stop，后面可以指定上某个具体的 service
docker-compose rm

# 查看各个 service 容器内运行的进程情况
docker-compose top

# 查看日志默认查看 yaml 所有的，可以跟上具体 service
# -f 可以保持跟踪，新的日志会马上显示在屏幕上
docker-compose logs

Docker Compose 实践及梳理 - AaronLin - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)

参考链接

Docker- 专栏 -KuangStudy

docker视频：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ZT4y1K75K?p=19&vd_source=5e8f069711510b3788382a0a03ff38

https://www.cnblogs.com/edisonchou/p/dockerfile_inside_introduction.html

Docker — 从入门到实践 | Docker 从入门到实践 (docker-practice.com)

标签：ago,0.0,tcp,hours,常用命令,docker,root
From： https://www.cnblogs.com/life1314/p/17936582.html

docker 常用命令

docker 常用命令

镜像命令

搜索镜像：docker search

拉取镜像:docker pull

查看镜像:docker images

删除镜像:docker rmi

运行镜像:docker run

容器命令

查看容器：docker ps

运行容器：docker start

停止容器：docker stop

重启容器：docker restart

进入容器：docker exec

退出容器：exit

删除容器：docker rm

杀死容器： docker kill(运行)

容器内文件拷贝到主机：docker cp

数据卷

dockerfile

docker 流程图

基础知识

命令集合

命令图片

运行dockerfile

dockerfile实战 springboot

idea 配合dockerfile 部署springboot

参考博客

DockerCompose

dockercompose 安装

dockercompose.yml 编写

docker-compose 运行

参考链接

相关文章

赞助商

阅读排行

docker 常用命令

docker 常用命令

镜像命令

搜索镜像：docker search

拉取镜像:docker pull

查看镜像:docker images

删除镜像:docker rmi

运行镜像:docker run

容器命令

查看容器 ：docker ps

运行容器：docker start

停止容器：docker stop

重启容器：docker restart

进入容器：docker exec

退出容器：exit

删除容器：docker rm

杀死容器： docker kill(运行)

容器内文件拷贝到主机：docker cp

数据卷

dockerfile

docker 流程图

基础知识

命令集合

命令图片

运行dockerfile

dockerfile实战 springboot

idea 配合dockerfile 部署springboot

参考博客

DockerCompose

dockercompose 安装

dockercompose.yml 编写

docker-compose 运行

参考链接

相关文章

赞助商

阅读排行

查看容器：docker ps