1.Desertification is a worldwide environmental problem that significantly impinges upon human habitat and economic progress.It consists of various phenomena like diminished land fertility,soil depletion,vegetation degradation,and deterioration of ecological systems,and is mainly induced by natural elements and human interventions.
2. Natural factors include climate change, topography, soil type, etc. Climate change could lead to less precipitation, increased evaporation, and dry out the land, triggering desertification. Topography and soil types may also influence the occurrence of desertification, for example, areas with high slopes are prone to soil erosion and sandy soils are susceptible to wind erosion.
The human factor is the main cause of desertification. Human activities such as over-exploitation and utilization of land, overgrazing, indiscriminate logging, and irrational irrigation will damage the ecological environment of land and lead to desertification. In addition, pollution emissions and energy development in the process of urbanization and industrialization may also have an impact on desertification.