序列化

### Serializer
#models.py
from django.db import models

class Role(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(verbose_name="标题", max_length=32)
    order = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="顺序")



#views.py
from django.db import models


class Role(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(verbose_name="标题", max_length=32)
    order = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="顺序")
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import serializers
from api import models


class InfoSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    id = serializers.IntegerField()
    title = serializers.CharField()
    order = serializers.IntegerField()


class InfoView(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        # 1.数据库获取多条数据
        # queryset = models.Role.objects.all()
        # ser = InfoSerializer(instance=queryset, many=True)

        # 2.数据库获取单条数据
        instance = models.Role.objects.all().first()
        ser = InfoSerializer(instance=instance, many=False)
        print(type(ser.data), ser.data)
        return Response(ser.data)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
### ModelSerializer
#models.py

from django.db import models

class Role(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(verbose_name="标题", max_length=32)
    order = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="顺序"

#views.py

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import serializers
from api import models


class InfoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Role
        # fields = "__all__"
        # fields = ['id', 'title', 'order']
        exclude = ["id"]


class InfoView(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        # 1.数据库获取多条数据
        # queryset = models.Role.objects.all()
        # ser = InfoSerializer(instance=queryset, many=True)

        # 2.数据库获取单条数据
        instance = models.Role.objects.all().first()
        ser = InfoSerializer(instance=instance, many=False)

        print(type(ser.data), ser.data)
        return Response(ser.data)

#使用ModelModelSerializer是要比Serializer更简洁一些的。
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
###字段和参数
###在ModelModelSerializer和Serializer中都可以自定义字段，并传入一些相关参数。
#models.py

from django.db import models


class Role(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(verbose_name="标题", max_length=32)
    order = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="顺序")


class UserInfo(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(verbose_name="姓名", max_length=32)
    gender = models.SmallIntegerField(verbose_name="性别", choices=((1, "男"), (2, "女")))
    role = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="角色", to="Role", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    ctime = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="创建时间", auto_now_add=True)

#views.py

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import serializers
from api import models


class InfoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    gender = serializers.CharField(source="get_gender_display")
    role = serializers.CharField(source="role.title")
    ctime = serializers.DateTimeField(format="%Y-%m-%d")
    other_name = serializers.CharField(source="name")
    mine = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    class Meta:
        model = models.UserInfo
        fields = ['id', 'name', 'gender', "role", 'ctime', "other_name", "mine"]

    def get_mine(self, obj):
        return "x-x-{}".format(obj.name)


class InfoView(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        queryset = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
        ser = InfoSerializer(instance=queryset, many=True)
        print(type(ser.data), ser.data)
        return Response(ser.data)

序列化类嵌套

主要是ORM类中对应ForeignKey 和 ManyToManyField的字段进行序列化。

基于SerializerMethodField自定义方法对关联表数据进行序列化
基于嵌套的序列化类实现

# models
from django.db import models

class Role(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(verbose_name="标题", max_length=32)
    order = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="顺序")


class Tag(models.Model):
    caption = models.CharField(verbose_name="名称", max_length=32)


class UserInfo(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(verbose_name="姓名", max_length=32)
    gender = models.SmallIntegerField(verbose_name="性别", choices=((1, "男"), (2, "女")))
    role = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="角色", to="Role", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    ctime = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="创建时间", auto_now_add=True)

    tags = models.ManyToManyField(verbose_name="标签", to="Tag")
# views
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import serializers
from api import models


class RoleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Role
        # fields = "__all__"
        fields = ["id", 'title']


class TagSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Tag
        fields = "__all__"


class InfoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    role = RoleSerializer()
    tags = TagSerializer(many=True)

    class Meta:
        model = models.UserInfo
        fields = ['id', 'name', "role", "tags"]


class InfoView(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        queryset = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
        ser = InfoSerializer(instance=queryset, many=True)
        print(type(ser.data), ser.data)
        return Response(ser.data)
		
### 序列化类继承
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import serializers
from api import models


class MySerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    more = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def get_more(self, obj):
        return "123"


class InfoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer, MySerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.UserInfo
        fields = ["id", "name", 'more']


class InfoView(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        instance = models.UserInfo.objects.all().first()
        ser = InfoSerializer(instance=instance, many=False)

        print(type(ser.data), ser.data)
        return Response(ser.data)