SMB: 使用 Ansible 自动化配置 samba 客户端服务端

涉及到的文件

[student@workstation filestorage-automation]$ tree .
.
├── ansible.cfg
├── inventory
├── smb_client.yml
├── smb_server.yml
├── smb_vars.yml
└── templates
    └── smb.conf.j2

[student@workstation filestorage-automation]$

涉及到的 主机清单

[student@workstation filestorage-automation]$ cat inventory
[servers]
serverd.lab.example.com

[clients]
servera.lab.example.com
serverb.lab.example.com
serverc.lab.example.com
[student@workstation filestorage-automation]$

这里我们使用 serverd 做服务端，使用 servera,b,c 做客户端

[student@workstation filestorage-review]$ cat ansible.cfg
[defaults]
inventory=inventory
remote_user=devops

ansible 配置文件 ，使用 devops 作ssh 用户

samba 对应的配置文件的 jija 模版

[student@workstation filestorage-automation]$ cat templates/smb.conf.j2
[global]
        workgroup = SAMBA
        security = user

        passdb backend = tdbsam

        smb encrypt = required
        server min protocol = SMB3

[{{ share_name }}]
        path = {{ shared_dir }}
        write list = @{{ allowed_group }}
[student@workstation filestorage-automation]$

通过模版配置文件，我们可以看到使用的是最基本的配置文件，下面为涉及到的变量

[student@workstation filestorage-review]$ cat smb_vars.yml
---
shared_dir: /srv/developers
share_name: devdata
mount_point: /devs_data

# User account for mounting the share
samba_usermount: sambamount
samba_passmount: redhat

allowed_group: developers
[student@workstation filestorage-review]$

服务端部署

服务端需要执行的剧本

• 安装Samba软件包：使用yum模块安装Samba软件包。
• 创建Linux和Samba用户：创建一个用于挂载共享的Linux和Samba用户。
• 创建Linux组：创建一个用于具有写访问权限的用户组。
• 创建Samba用户：为Samba用户创建密码，并将其添加到Samba用户数据库中。
• 创建目录：使用file模块创建要共享的目录，并设置所有者、组和权限。
• 配置Samba：使用template模块将SMB配置文件模板复制到目标位置。
• 启动SMB服务：使用service模块启动和启用SMB服务。
• 开放Samba防火墙服务：使用firewalld模块开启Samba防火墙服务。
• 定义处理程序：定义名为 reload smb 的处理程序，用于在配置更改后重新加载SMB服务。

[student@workstation filestorage-automation]$ cat  smb_server.yml
---
- name: Share a directory with SMB
  hosts: serverd.lab.example.com
  become: true
  vars_files:
    - smb_vars.yml

  tasks:
    - name: the samba package is installed
      yum:
        name: samba
        state: present

    # Creating the Linux and Samba user for the multiuser mount.
    # That user is only used to mount the share.

    - name: the Linux user for Samba mount exists
      user:
        name: "{{ samba_usermount }}"
        shell: /sbin/nologin
        create_home: no
        system: yes

    - name: the Samba user for Samba mount exists
      command: smbpasswd -s -a {{ samba_usermount }}
      args:
        stdin: "{{ samba_passmount }}\n{{ samba_passmount }}"

    # Group and users with write access to the share

    - name: the Linux group exists
      group:
        name: "{{ allowed_group }}"
        system: yes

    - name: the Linux users exist for Samba users
      user:
        name: "{{ item['name'] }}"
        shell: /sbin/nologin
        groups:
          - "{{ allowed_group }}"
      loop: "{{ samba_users }}"
      no_log: true

    - name: the Samba users exist
      command: smbpasswd -s -a {{ item['name'] }}
      args:
        stdin: "{{ item['password'] }}\n{{ item['password'] }}"
      loop: "{{ samba_users }}"
      no_log: true

    - name: the directory exists
      file:
        path: "{{ shared_dir }}"
        owner: root
        group: "{{ allowed_group }}"
        mode: '2775'
        state: directory
        setype: samba_share_t

    - name: the directory is shared
      template:
        src: templates/smb.conf.j2
        dest: /etc/samba/smb.conf
        owner: root
        group: root
        mode: '0644'
        setype: samba_etc_t
      notify: reload smb

    - name: the smb service is started and enabled
      service:
        name: smb
        state: started
        enabled: yes

    - name: the samba firewall service is opened
      firewalld:
        service: samba
        state: enabled
        immediate: yes
        permanent: yes

  handlers:
    - name: reload smb
      service:
        name: smb
        state: reloaded
[student@workstation filestorage-automation]$

客户端配置

• 安装 cifs-utils 软件包：使用yum模块确保目标主机上安装了cifs-utils软件包。
• 创建凭据文件：使用copy模块创建一个凭据文件（/etc/samba/creds.txt），其中包含SMB用户名和密码。用户名和密码从samba_usermount和samba_passmount变量中获取。
• 挂载SMB共享：使用mount模块挂载SMB共享。path参数指定本地系统上的挂载点，src参数指定SMB共享的位置（//serverd.lab.example.com/{{ share_name }}）。opts参数指定挂载选项，包括凭据文件路径（/etc/samba/creds.txt）、multiuser模式和seal安全选项。fstype参数将文件系统类型指定为cifs。
• 创建Linux用户：使用user模块在目标主机上创建Linux用户。用户名和密码从samba_users变量中获取。密码使用SHA-512算法以'redhatsalt'作为盐值进行哈希处理。

[student@workstation filestorage-automation]$ cat smb_client.yml
---
- name: Access an SMB share
  hosts: servera.lab.example.com
  become: true
  vars_files:
   - smb_vars.yml

  tasks:
    - name: the cifs-utils package is installed
      yum:
        name: cifs-utils
        state: present

    - name: the credential file exists
      copy:
        content: "username={{ samba_usermount }}\n\
                  password={{ samba_passmount }}\n"
        dest: /etc/samba/creds.txt
        owner: root
        group: root
        mode: '0600'
      no_log: true

    - name: the SMB share is mounted
      mount:
        path: "{{ mount_point }}"
        src: "//serverd.lab.example.com/{{ share_name }}"
        opts: "credentials=/etc/samba/creds.txt,multiuser,seal"
        state: mounted
        fstype: cifs

    - name: the Linux users exist
      user:
        name: "{{ item.name }}"
        shell: /bin/bash
        password: "{{ item.password | \
                   password_hash('sha512', 'redhatsalt') }}"
      loop: "{{ samba_users }}"
      no_log: true
[student@workstation filestorage-automation]$