gradle安装、配置，使用命令构建spring boot项目

• 安装

# 下载到本地直接解压
# 配置环境变量
GRADLE_HOME
GRADLE_USER_HOME
PATH

# 打开cmd：gradle -v

• idea配置



• 打包



• 常用命令

# cmd进入项目根路径
gradlew build
gradlew clean
gradle build
gradle clean
gradle clean build

• 使用命令构建gradle项目

# 新建一个文件夹作为项目根目录，输入gradle init
# 跨子项目 + 新API

C:\Users\ychen224\OneDrive - DXC Production\Desktop\demo01>gradle init   # 初始化一个项目

Select type of project to generate:
  1: basic
  2: application
  3: library
  4: Gradle plugin
Enter selection (default: basic) [1..4] 2   # 项目类型

Select implementation language:
  1: C++
  2: Groovy
  3: Java
  4: Kotlin
  5: Scala
  6: Swift
Enter selection (default: Java) [1..6] 3    # 项目语言
# 是否跨多个子项目拆分功能
Split functionality across multiple subprojects?:
  1: no - only one application project
  2: yes - application and library projects
Enter selection (default: no - only one application project) [1..2] 2

Select build script DSL:
  1: Groovy
  2: Kotlin
Enter selection (default: Groovy) [1..2] 1    # 构建脚本
# 是否使用新的API构建
Generate build using new APIs and behavior (some features may change in the next minor release)? (default: no) [yes, no] yes

Project name (default: demo01): demo01    # 项目名

Source package (default: demo01): io.github.chnq    # 包名


> Task :init
Get more help with your project: https://docs.gradle.org/7.3.3/samples/sample_building_java_applications_multi_project.html

BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 1m 32s
2 actionable tasks: 2 executed

# 跨子项目 + 不使用新的API

Split functionality across multiple subprojects?:
  1: no - only one application project
  2: yes - application and library projects
Enter selection (default: no - only one application project) [1..2] 2

Generate build using new APIs and behavior (some features may change in the next minor release)? (default: no) [yes, no] no

# 不跨子项目 + 使用新的API

Split functionality across multiple subprojects?:
  1: no - only one application project
  2: yes - application and library projects
Enter selection (default: no - only one application project) [1..2] 1

Generate build using new APIs and behavior (some features may change in the next minor release)? (default: no) [yes, no] yes

# 不跨子项目 + 不使用新的API

Split functionality across multiple subprojects?:
  1: no - only one application project
  2: yes - application and library projects
Enter selection (default: no - only one application project) [1..2] 1

Generate build using new APIs and behavior (some features may change in the next minor release)? (default: no) [yes, no] no

• 常用配置

gradle配置
jdk
字符集
注解生效激活
过滤编译文件：添加类型，enter，apply
  .gradle
  .gitattributes
  gradlew
  gradlew.bat

• 热部署

# build.gradle
spring-boot-devtools

# yml
spring:
  devtools:
    restart:
      enabled: true

• ctrl + shift + alt + /



• 
  



• spring boot模板

# lombok报错改为使用如下方式引入
implementation 'org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.8'
annotationProcessor 'org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.8'

# 不跨子项目 + 使用新的API

# 导入所需依赖
dependencies {
    //
    implementation 'com.google.guava:guava:30.1.1-jre'
    // spring-boot-starter-web
    implementation group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-starter-web', version: '2.6.1'
    // spring-boot-devtools
    implementation group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-devtools', version: '2.6.1'
    // lombok
    compileOnly group: 'org.projectlombok', name: 'lombok', version: '1.18.20'
    // spring-boot-starter-test
    testImplementation group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-starter-test', version: '2.6.1'
    // spring-boot-configuration-processor
    implementation group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-configuration-processor', version: '2.6.1'
}

# 配置yml
server:
  port: 8080
  error:
    whitelabel:
      enabled: true
spring:
  application:
    name: demo01
  messages:
    basename: messages
    encoding: UTF-8
  devtools:
    restart:
      enabled: true
logging:
  level:
    com:
      example: DEBUG
    org:
      springframework:
        security: DEBUG
  pattern:
    console: '%clr(%d{E HH:mm:ss.SSS}){blue} %clr(%-5p) %clr(${PID}){faint} %clr(---){faint}
              %clr([%8.15t]){cyan} %clr(%-40.40logger{0}){blue} %clr(:){red} %clr(%m){faint}%n'
              
# 编写接口
@RestController
public class TestController {
    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public String test(){
        return "hello";
    }
}

# 编写一个index.html

# 启动项目测试
http://localhost:8080/test
http://localhost:8080/index.html

• error

# 打包后执行java -jar app.jar
# 报错：没有主清单属性
# 再次运行报错
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/boot/SpringApplication
        at io.github.ychen.App.main(App.java:13)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication
        at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:582)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
        at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521)
        ... 1 more
# 错误原因：依赖没有被打包到springboot项目的jar包中

• 打成war包部署

# build.gradle中添加
apply plugin: 'war'
# 修改启动类
@SpringBootApplication
public class App extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
    }
    @Override
    protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder builder) {
        return builder.sources(App.class);
    }
}
# 控制台输入命令打包
gradle build
# 将war包上传到服务器
# 拉取tomcat镜像
docker pull chniny/tomcat:9
docker run -d -p 8080:8080 chniny/tomcat:9
# 将war复制到tomcat容器
docker cp app.war container_ID:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps

• 编译项目时乱码导致报错

# Help > Edit Custom VM Options
# 添加一行，重启idea
-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8

• 编译时报错

# 安装lombok插件
# 启用annotation processing
# 更改compiler，将eclipse更改为javac（settings > build > compiler > Java compiler > use compiler）
# 检查类中有没有添加注解@Slf4j
# build.gradle中修改lombok依赖
    implementation 'org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.8'
    annotationProcessor 'org.projectlombok:lombok:1.18.8'

• 配置junit5

testing {
    suites {
        // Configure the built-in test suite
//        test {
//            // Use JUnit4 test framework
//            useJUnit('4.13.2')
//        }

        test {
            // Use JUnit4 test framework
            useJUnit('5.13.2')
        }

    }
}

// 使用junit5
testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:5.1.0")
testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine:5.1.0")