目录
SpringMVC中的视图是View接口,视图的作用渲染数据,将模型Model中的数据展示给用户
SpringMVC视图的种类很多,默认有转发视图和重定向视图
当工程引入jstl的依赖,转发视图会自动转换为JstlView若使用的视图技术为Thymeleaf,在SpringMVC的配置文件中配置了Thymeleaf的视图解析器,由此视图解析器解析之后所得到的是ThymeleafView
一、ThymeleafView
当控制器方法中所设置的视图名称没有任何前缀时,此时的视图名称会被SpringMVC配置文件中所配置的视图解析器解析,视图名称拼接视图前缀和视图后缀所得到的最终路径,会通过转发的方式实现跳转
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<a th:href="@{/testThymeleafView}">测试ThymeleafView</a>
</body>
</html>
java
package com.mcode.api.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
/**
* ClassName: ViewController
* Package: com.mcode.api.controller
* Description:
*
* @Author: robin
* @Create: 2023/8/7 - 9:06 PM
* @Version: v1.0
*/
@Controller
public class ViewController {
@RequestMapping("/")
public String index(){
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping("/testThymeleafView")
public String testThymeleafView(){
return "success";
}
}
DispatcherServlet.render()
AbstractCachingViewResolver.resolveViewName()
ThymeleafViewResolver.createView()
二、转发视图
SpringMVC中默认的转发视图是InternalResourceView
SpringMVC中创建转发视图的情况:
当控制器方法中所设置的视图名称以"forward:"为前缀时,创建InternalResourceView视图,此时的视图名称不会被SpringMVC配置文件中所配置的视图解析器解析,而是会将前缀"forward:"去掉,剩余部分作为最终路径通过转发的方式实现跳转
例如"forward:/","forward:/employee"
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<a th:href="@{/testThymeleafView}">测试ThymeleafView</a>
<a th:href="@{/testForward}">测试InternalResourceView</a>
</body>
</html>
java
package com.mcode.api.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
/**
* ClassName: ViewController
* Package: com.mcode.api.controller
* Description:
*
* @Author: robin
* @Create: 2023/8/7 - 9:06 PM
* @Version: v1.0
*/
@Controller
public class ViewController {
@RequestMapping("/")
public String index(){
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping("/testThymeleafView")
public String testThymeleafView(){
return "success";
}
@RequestMapping("/testForward")
public String testForward(){
return "forward:/testThymeleafView";
}
}
三、重定向视图
SpringMVC中默认的重定向视图是RedirectView
当控制器方法中所设置的视图名称以"redirect:"为前缀时,创建RedirectView视图,此时的视图名称不会被SpringMVC配置文件中所配置的视图解析器解析,而是会将前缀"redirect:"去掉,剩余部分作为最终路径通过重定向的方式实现跳转
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<a th:href="@{/testThymeleafView}">测试ThymeleafView</a>
<a th:href="@{/testForward}">测试InternalResourceView</a>
<a th:href="@{/testRedirect}">测试Redirect</a>
</body>
</html>
java
package com.mcode.api.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
/**
* ClassName: ViewController
* Package: com.mcode.api.controller
* Description:
*
* @Author: robin
* @Create: 2023/8/7 - 9:06 PM
* @Version: v1.0
*/
@Controller
public class ViewController {
@RequestMapping("/")
public String index(){
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping("/testThymeleafView")
public String testThymeleafView(){
return "success";
}
@RequestMapping("/testForward")
public String testForward(){
return "forward:/testThymeleafView";
}
@RequestMapping("/testRedirect")
public String testRedirect(){
return "redirect:/testThymeleafView";
}
}
注:重定向视图在解析时,会先将redirect:前缀去掉,然后会判断剩余部分是否以/开头,若是则会自动拼接上下文路径
四、视图控制器view-controller
当控制器方法中,仅仅用来实现页面跳转,即只需要设置视图名称时,可以将处理器方法使用view-controller
标签进行表示
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.mcode.api.controller"/>
<!-- 配置Thymeleaf视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver">
<property name="order" value="1"/>
<property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
<property name="templateEngine">
<bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine">
<property name="templateResolver">
<bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver">
<!-- 视图前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/"/>
<!-- 视图后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".html"/>
<property name="templateMode" value="HTML5"/>
<property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- path:设置处理的请求地址 view-name:设置请求地址所对应的视图名称 -->
<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index"/>
<!-- 开启mvc注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
@Controller
public class ViewController {
// @RequestMapping("/")
// public String index(){
// return "index";
// }
}
注:当SpringMVC中设置任何一个view-controller时,其他控制器中的请求映射将全部失效,此时需要在SpringMVC的核心配置文件中设置开启mvc注解驱动的标签:<mvc:annotation-driven />
五、配置jsp解析
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.mcode.api.controller"/>
<!-- 配置Thymeleaf视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver">
<property name="order" value="1"/>
<property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
<property name="templateEngine">
<bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine">
<property name="templateResolver">
<bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver">
<!-- 视图前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/"/>
<!-- 视图后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".html"/>
<property name="templateMode" value="HTML5"/>
<property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- jsp前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"/>
<!-- jsp后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
<!-- 配置优先等级,越小优先级越高 -->
<property name="order" value="0"/>
</bean>
<!-- path:设置处理的请求地址 view-name:设置请求地址所对应的视图名称 -->
<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index"/>
<!-- 开启mvc注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/success">success.jsp</a>
</body>
</html>
web.xml
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
注:${pageContext.request.contextPath } 无效大多情况下是由于web.xml版本太低导致的,现在普遍都再用web4.0版本,web-app的版本默认是2.3,而要正确解析上面的代码获得当前路径,我们需要把web-app的版本手动改成2.5及以上版本。
控制器
package com.mcode.api.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
/**
* ClassName: JSPController
* Package: com.mcode.api.controller
* Description:
*
* @Author: robin
* @Create: 2023/8/7 - 10:16 PM
* @Version: v1.0
*/
@Controller
public class JSPController {
@RequestMapping("/success")
public String success(){
return "success";
}
}
标签:InternalResourceView,return,RequestMapping,SpringMVC,spring,视图,controller,public
From: https://www.cnblogs.com/vic-tory/p/17612972.html