软件测试|web自动化测试神器playwright教程（二十六）

前言

我们使用selenium进行元素拖拽时，通常要使用ActionChains来实现drag_and_drop的操作，playwright同样可以实现元素的拖拽和释放的操作。

按住元素从页面的一个位置拖动到另外一个位置，有2种方式可以实现

• locator.drag_to(target: locator) 先定位元素，调用drag_to方法到目标元素
• page.drag_and_drop(source: str, target: str) page对象直接调用

示例场景

我们以这个网页为例，介绍playwright的元素拖拽和释放的操作，网页地址：https://sahitest.com/demo/dragDropMooTools.htm，页面如下：

拖拽操作

locator.drag_to()可以实现拖放操作，该操作将：

• 将鼠标悬停在要拖动的元素上
• 按鼠标左键
• 将鼠标移动到将接收放置的元素
• 松开鼠标左键

语法示例：

page.locator("#item-to-be-dragged").drag_to(page.locator("#item-to-drop-at"))

示例如下：

from playwright.sync_api import Playwright, sync_playwright, expect


def run(playwright: Playwright) -> None:
    browser = playwright.chromium.launch(headless=False)
    context = browser.new_context()
    page = context.new_page()
    page.goto("https://sahitest.com/demo/dragDropMooTools.htm")
    page.locator("#dragger").drag_to(page.locator("text=Item 1"))
    page.pause()
    context.close()
    browser.close()

with sync_playwright() as playwright:
    run(playwright)

拖动和释放操作

page.drag_and_drop可以实现通过page对象调用drag_and_drop ,部分源码如下：

def drag_and_drop(  
    self,  
    source: str,  
    target: str,  
    *,  
    source_position: typing.Optional[Position] = None,  
    target_position: typing.Optional[Position] = None,  
    force: typing.Optional[bool] = None,  
    no_wait_after: typing.Optional[bool] = None,  
    timeout: typing.Optional[float] = None,  
    strict: typing.Optional[bool] = None,  
    trial: typing.Optional[bool] = None  
) -> None:

注：source 和 target 是字符串格式，也就是传selector 选择器的方法

语法如下：

page.drag_and_drop(locator,  loacator)

from playwright.sync_api import Playwright, sync_playwright, expect


def run(playwright: Playwright) -> None:
    browser = playwright.chromium.launch(headless=False)
    context = browser.new_context()
    page = context.new_page()
    page.goto("https://sahitest.com/demo/dragDropMooTools.htm")
    page.drag_and_drop('#dragger', 'text=Item 2')
    page.pause()
    context.close()
    browser.close()

with sync_playwright() as playwright:
    run(playwright)

运行脚本，结果如下图：

鼠标拖动

想精确控制拖动操作，可以使用较低级别的方法，如locator.hover()、mouse.down()、mouse.move()和mouse.up()。代码如下：

from playwright.sync_api import Playwright, sync_playwright, expect


def run(playwright: Playwright) -> None:
    browser = playwright.chromium.launch(headless=False)
    context = browser.new_context()
    page = context.new_page()
    page.get_by_text('Drag me').hover()
    page.mouse.down()
    page.locator('text=Item 3').hover()
    page.mouse.up()
    page.pause()
    context.close()
    browser.close()

with sync_playwright() as playwright:
    run(playwright)

运行脚本，界面如下所示：

总结

本文主要介绍了playwright的元素拖拽和释放操作，与selenium一样，playwright同样支持元素拖拽操作，不过playwright的拖拽操作比selenium更加简单。