RabbitMQ配置和实战

RabbitMQ安装

docker run -d  --name xd_rabbit -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=admin -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=password -p 15672:15672 -p 5672:5672 rabbitmq:3.8.15-management


#网络安全组记得开放端口
4369 erlang 发现口
5672 client 端通信口
15672 管理界面 ui 端口
25672 server 间内部通信口

访问管理界面
ip:15672

依赖引入

<!--引入AMQP-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

application.xml

spring:
  ##----------rabbit配置--------------
  rabbitmq:
    host: 192.168.75.146
    port: 5672
    virtual-host: dev
    username: admin
    password: password
    listener:
      simple:
        #消息确认方式，manual(手动ack) 和auto(自动ack) 。消息队列重试到达次数进入异常交换机--为实现，该策略要为auto
        acknowledge-mode: auto
        retry:
          #开启重试，消费者代码不能添加try catch捕获不往外抛异常
          enabled: true
          #最大重试次数
          max-attempts: 4
          # 重试消息的时间间隔，5秒
          max-interval: 5000

RabbitMQ配置文件 (一个交换机，两个队列，routingKey匹配规则适用于两队列)

@Configuration
@Data
public class RabbitMQConfig {


    /**
     * 交换机
     */
    private String shortLinkEventExchange="short_link.event.exchange";

    /**
     * 创建交换机 Topic类型
     * 一般一个微服务一个交换机
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Exchange shortLinkEventExchange(){

        return new TopicExchange(shortLinkEventExchange,true,false);
        //return new FanoutExchange(shortLinkEventExchange,true,false);
    }

    //新增短链相关配置====================================

    /**
     * 新增短链 队列
     */
    private String shortLinkAddLinkQueue="short_link.add.link.queue";

    /**
     * 新增短链映射 队列
     */
    private String shortLinkAddMappingQueue="short_link.add.mapping.queue";

    /**
     * 新增短链具体的routingKey,【发送消息使用】
     */
    private String shortLinkAddRoutingKey="short_link.add.link.mapping.routing.key";

    /**
     * topic类型的binding key，用于绑定队列和交换机，是用于 link 消费者
     */
    private String shortLinkAddLinkBindingKey="short_link.add.link.*.routing.key";

    /**
     * topic类型的binding key，用于绑定队列和交换机，是用于 mapping 消费者
     */
    private String shortLinkAddMappingBindingKey="short_link.add.*.mapping.routing.key";


    /**
     * 新增短链api队列和交换机的绑定关系建立
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding shortLinkAddApiBinding(){
        return new Binding(shortLinkAddLinkQueue,Binding.DestinationType.QUEUE, shortLinkEventExchange,shortLinkAddLinkBindingKey,null);
    }


    /**
     * 新增短链mapping队列和交换机的绑定关系建立
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding shortLinkAddMappingBinding(){
        return new Binding(shortLinkAddMappingQueue,Binding.DestinationType.QUEUE, shortLinkEventExchange,shortLinkAddMappingBindingKey,null);
    }


    /**
     * 新增短链Link普通队列，用于被监听
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue shortLinkAddLinkQueue(){

        return new Queue(shortLinkAddLinkQueue,true,false,false);

    }

    /**
     * 新增短链mapping 普通队列，用于被监听
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue shortLinkAddMappingQueue(){

        return new Queue(shortLinkAddMappingQueue,true,false,false);

    }

对应的两个消费者

@Component
@Slf4j
//@RabbitListener(queues = "short_link.add.link.queue")
@RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = { @Queue("short_link.add.link.queue") })
public class ShortLinkAddLinkMQListener {

    @Autowired
    private ShortLinkService shortLinkService;

    @RabbitHandler
    public void shortLinkHandler(EventMessage eventMessage, Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException {
        log.info("ShortLinkAddLinkMQListener message:{}",message);
        try{
            eventMessage.setEventMessageType(EventMessageType.SHORT_LINK_ADD_LINK.name());
            shortLinkService.handlerAddShortLink(eventMessage);

        }catch (Exception e){
            // 处理业务异常，等其他操作
            log.error("消费失败:{}",eventMessage);
            throw new BizException(BizCodeEnum.MQ_CONSUME_EXCEPTION);
        }
        log.info("消费成功:{}",eventMessage);
        //确认消息消费成功
//        channel.basicAck(tag,false);

    }
}

@Component
@Slf4j
//@RabbitListener(queues = "short_link.add.mapping.queue")
@RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = { @Queue("short_link.add.mapping.queue") })
public class ShortLinkAddMappingMQListener {
    @Autowired
    private ShortLinkService shortLinkService;

    @RabbitHandler
    public void shortLinkHandler(EventMessage eventMessage, Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException {
        log.info("ShortLinkAddMappingMQListener message:{}",message);
        try{
            eventMessage.setEventMessageType(EventMessageType.SHORT_LINK_ADD_MAPPING.name());
            shortLinkService.handlerAddShortLink(eventMessage);

        }catch (Exception e){
            // 处理业务异常，等其他操作
            log.error("消费失败:{}",eventMessage);
            throw new BizException(BizCodeEnum.MQ_CONSUME_EXCEPTION);
        }
        log.info("消费成功:{}",eventMessage);
        //确认消息消费成功
//        channel.basicAck(tag,false);

    }
}

实战，这里直接在controller层中编码。（应该在Service实现）

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/link/v1")
public class ShortLinkController {

    @Autowired
    private ShortLinkService shortLinkService;
    
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    
    /**
     * 新增短链
     * @param shortLinkAddRequest
     * @return
     */
    @PostMapping("add")
    public JsonData createShortLink(@RequestBody ShortLinkAddRequest shortLinkAddRequest){
        //参数：交换机、匹配规则Key、信息对象
        EventMessage eventMessage = EventMessage.builder().[设置对象各字段信息]
            .build();

        //生成MQ。
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(rabbitMQConfig.getShortLinkEventExchange(), rabbitMQConfig.getShortLinkAddRoutingKey(), eventMessage);
        
        return jsonData;
    }
    
}