函数
# 预定义
if True:
r = RIGHT;l = LEFT;d = DOWN;u = UP;du = DEGREES;rr = RED;bb = BLUE;gg = GREEN;gg2 = GOLD;pp = PINK;tt = TEAL
# xxp
if type('xxp') == str:
# xxp transform
def xt(names, *args):
def pretrans0(name, i):
if type(i) == int:
back = name + '[' + str(i) + ']'
elif type(i) == str:
m = i.find('.')
n1 = i[0:m]
n2 = i[m+1:]
back = name + '[' + n1 + ':' + n2 + ']'
return back
def pretrans(name, i):
if type(i) == int:
back = name + '[' + str(i) + ']'
elif type(i) == str:
m = i.find('.')
n1 = i[0:m]
n2 = i[m+1:]
back = name + '[' + n1 + ':' + n2 + ']'
elif type(i) == list:
back = 'VGroup('
for j in i:
item = pretrans0(name, j) + ','
back += item
back += ')'
return back
ag = 'AnimationGroup('
# range(0, n-1)是错的
itemli = []
for l in names:
itemli.append(list(range(len(l))))
def countli0(name, i):
if type(i) == int:
name.remove(i)
elif type(i) == str:
m = i.find('.')
n1 = int(i[0:m])
n2 = int(i[m+1:])-1
p1 = name.index(n1)
p2 = name.index(n2)
del name[p1:p2+1]
def countli(name, i):
if type(i) == int:
name.remove(i)
elif type(i) == str:
m = i.find('.')
n1 = int(i[0:m])
n2 = int(i[m+1:])-1
p1 = name.index(n1)
p2 = name.index(n2)
del name[p1:p2+1]
elif type(i) == list:
for j in i:
item = countli0(name, j)
set1 = set()
set2 = set()
for m in range(len(args)):
n = 0
for i in args[m][2]:
n += 1
if n % 2 != 0:
u = pretrans(f'names[args[{str(m)}][0]]', i)
countli(itemli[args[m][0]], i)
set1.add(args[m][0])
else:
v = pretrans(f'names[args[{str(m)}][1]]', i)
item = f'Transform({u}, {v}),'
ag += item
countli(itemli[args[m][1]], i)
set2.add(args[m][1])
for i in set1:
for ii in itemli[i]:
# reverse GrowFromCenter不可用
ag += f'ShrinkToCenter(names[{str(i)}][{str(ii)}]), '
for j in set2:
for jj in itemli[j]:
ag += f'GrowFromCenter(names[{str(j)}][{str(jj)}]), '
ag += ')'
agg = eval(ag)
return agg
# xxp transform 2
def xt2(a, b, c):
def pretrans0(name, i):
if type(i) == int:
back = name + '[' + str(i) + ']'
elif type(i) == str:
m = i.find('.')
n1 = i[0:m]
n2 = i[m+1:]
back = name + '[' + n1 + ':' + n2 + ']'
return back
def pretrans(name, i):
if type(i) == int:
back = name + '[' + str(i) + ']'
elif type(i) == str:
m = i.find('.')
n1 = i[0:m]
n2 = i[m+1:]
back = name + '[' + n1 + ':' + n2 + ']'
elif type(i) == list:
back = 'VGroup('
for j in i:
item = pretrans0(name, j) + ','
back += item
back += ')'
return back
n = 0
ag = 'AnimationGroup('
# range(0, n-1)是错的
for i in c:
n += 1
if n % 2 != 0:
u = pretrans('a', i)
else:
v = pretrans('b', i)
item = f'Transform({u}, {v}),'
ag += item
ag += ')'
agg = eval(ag)
return agg
# xxp transform 3
def xt3(a,b):
x=b.get_center()-a.get_center()
y=b.width/a.width
return AnimationGroup(a.animate.shift(x).scale(y))
# xxp color to hex
def xc2h(c):
return rgb_to_hex(color_to_rgb(c))
# xxp color and opacity init
def xcoi(*args):
for a in args:
# 先缩放再设置透明度（否则会消失不见）
a.set_opacity(1)
for i in a:
if xc2h(i.color) == '#ff0000':
i.set_color(RED).set_sheen(0.1)
elif xc2h(i.color) == '#ffff00':
i.set_color(GOLD).set_sheen(0.1)
elif xc2h(i.color) == '#00ff00':
i.set_color(GREEN).set_sheen(0.1)
elif xc2h(i.color) == '#00ffff':
i.set_color(TEAL).set_sheen(0.1)
elif xc2h(i.color) == '#0000ff':
i.set_color(BLUE).set_sheen(0.1)
elif xc2h(i.color) == '#ff00ff':
i.set_color(PINK).set_sheen(0.1)
# xxp opacity scale
def xos(num, *args):
# 最好让透明度也一样
def premovescale(a, b):
# x = VGroup()
# y = VGroup()
for i in a:
# 设置get_fill_opacity() == 0.5会失效
if i.get_fill_opacity() < 1:
x = i
# x.add(i)
for j in b:
if j.get_fill_opacity() < 1:
y = j
# y.add(j)
scale = y.height/x.height
a.scale(scale)
# 先缩放再移动
vector = y.get_center() - x.get_center()
a.shift(vector)
args[0].scale(num)
for n in range(len(args) - 1):
premovescale(args[n+1], args[n])
xcoi(*args)
# xxp check
def xc(*args):
self.camera.background_color = WHITE
for svg in args:
if type(svg) == list:
self.clear()
for sss in svg:
self.add(sss.set(color = RED))
for sss in svg:
n = 0
for i in sss:
num = Integer(number=n, stroke_width=2).set_color(BLACK).move_to(i)
n += 1
self.add(num)
self.wait()
else:
self.clear()
self.add(svg.set(color = RED))
n = 0
for i in svg:
num = Integer(number=n, stroke_width=2).set_color(BLACK).move_to(i)
n += 1
self.add(num)
self.wait()
self.clear()
# xxp find
def xf(a, b):
n1 = str.find(a.text, b)
n2 = n1 + len(b)
return a[n1:n2]
# xxp narrator
def xn(a):
text = Text(a, font='STZhongsong').to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
return text
# xxp narrator 2
def xn2(a):
text = Text(a, font='STFangsong').scale(0.7).to_edge(DOWN)
return text
# xxp upnarrator
def xun(a):
text = Text(a, font='STZhongsong').to_edge(UP).scale(0.8)
return text
# xxp para
def xp(x, y):
a = Text(y, font="STZhongsong").to_edge(DOWN).scale(0.6)
b = Text(x, font="STZhongsong").to_edge(1.8*DOWN).scale(0.6)
return VGroup(a, b)
# xxp scale
def xs(a, n1, b, n2):
scale = b[n2].width/a[n1].width
a.scale(scale)
# xxp move
def xm(a, n1, b, n2):
vect = b[n2].get_center() - a[n1].get_center()
a.shift(vect)
# xxp move and scale
def xms(a, n1, b, n2):
scale = b[n2].width/a[n1].width
a.scale(scale)
vect = b[n2].get_center() - a[n1].get_center()
a.shift(vect)
# xxp choose color
def xcc(a, b):
for i in a:
if rgb_to_hex(color_to_rgb(i.color)) == b:
return i
# xxp narrator wait
def xnw(a):
self.wait(0.1*len(a))
# xxp text flower
def xtf(a):
at = Text(a, font = 'STZhongsong',stroke_width=2).set_color(color = ['#f3e9e0', '#fea8a9'])
# at[0].set_color(color = ['#f3e9e0', '#fea8a9'])
# at[1].set_color(color = ['#f3e9e0', '#fea8a9'])
fl = msm('icon')[8].rotate(PI/2).set_color(color = ['#fea8a9', '#f3e9e0']).scale(1.5)
at.next_to(fl, RIGHT)
vg = VGroup(fl, at)
vg.set(height = 0.6).to_corner(UL)
return vg
# xxp text flower2
def xtf2(judge, a):
if judge == 1:
at = Text(a, font = 'STFangsong',stroke_width=2).set_color(color = ['#f3e9e0', '#b1d85c'])
elif judge == 2:
# 一般不是中文
at = MarkupText(a, stroke_width=2).set_color(color = ['#f3e9e0', '#b1d85c'])
# at[0].set_color(color = ['#f3e9e0', '#fea8a9'])
# at[1].set_color(color = ['#f3e9e0', '#fea8a9'])
fl = msm('icon')[8].rotate(PI/2).set_color(color = ['#b1d85c', '#f3e9e0']).scale(1.5)
at.next_to(fl, RIGHT)
vg = VGroup(fl, at)
vg.set(height = 0.6).to_corner(UL).shift(2*RIGHT)
return vg
# xxp text flower3
def xtf3(a):
at = Text(a, font = 'STZhongsong',stroke_width=2).set_color(color = ['#ccffff', '#afccff'])
# at[0].set_color(color = ['#f3e9e0', '#fea8a9'])
# at[1].set_color(color = ['#f3e9e0', '#fea8a9'])
fl = msm('icon')[8].rotate(PI/2).set_color(color = ['#afccff', '#ccffff']).scale(1.5)
at.next_to(fl, RIGHT)
vg = VGroup(fl, at)
vg.set(height = 0.6).to_corner(UL).shift(2*DOWN)
return vg
# xxp color move and scale
def xcms(a, b):
x = VGroup()
y = VGroup()
for i in a:
if rgb_to_hex(color_to_rgb(i.color)) == '#000000':
x.add(i)
for j in b:
if rgb_to_hex(color_to_rgb(j.color)) == '#000000':
y.add(j)
scale = y.width/x.width
vect = y.get_center() - x.get_center()
a.shift(vect)
a.scale(scale)
# xxp single scale
def xss(a, n):
x = Text('C', font="Times New Roman")
y = a[n]
scale = x.width/y.width
a.scale(scale)
# xxp pre postion
def xpp(a, pos):
d1 = Dot().to_corner(UL)
d2 = Dot().to_edge(UP)
d3 = Dot().to_corner(UR)
d4 = Dot().to_edge(LEFT)
d5 = Dot()
d6 = Dot().to_edge(RIGHT)
d7 = Dot().to_corner(DL)
d8 = Dot().to_edge(DOWN)
d9 = Dot().to_corner(DR)
if pos == 'ul':
a.move_to((d1.get_center() + d5.get_center())/2)
elif pos == 'u':
a.move_to((d2.get_center() + d5.get_center())/2)
elif pos == 'ur':
a.move_to((d3.get_center() + d5.get_center())/2)
elif pos == 'l':
a.move_to((d4.get_center() + d5.get_center())/2)
elif pos == 'o':
a.move_to(d5.get_center())
elif pos == 'r':
a.move_to((d6.get_center() + d5.get_center())/2)
elif pos == 'dl':
a.move_to((d7.get_center() + d5.get_center())/2)
elif pos == 'd':
a.move_to((d8.get_center() + d5.get_center())/2)
elif pos == 'dr':
a.move_to((d9.get_center() + d5.get_center())/2)
# xxp arrange and align
def xaa(mobs, b, d):
vg = VGroup()
for m in mobs:
vg.add(m)
vg.arrange(buff=b)
if d == 'u':
dire = UP
elif d == 'd':
dire = DOWN
for i in mobs:
if i != mobs[0]:
i.align_to(mobs[0], dire)
# xxp add other
def xao(*args):
if len(args) == 2:
sa(args[0].to_corner(UR), args[1].to_corner(DL))
if len(args) == 3:
sa(args[0].to_corner(UR), args[1].to_corner(DL), args[2].to_corner(DR))
# xxp grow from center
def xgf(a, li):
avg = 'AnimationGroup('
def pregrow(name, i):
if type(i) == int:
back = name + '[' + str(i) + ']'
elif type(i) == str:
m = i.find('.')
n1 = i[0:m]
n2 = i[m+1:]
back = name + '[' + n1 + ':' + n2 + ']'
return back
for j in li:
partani = pregrow('a', j)
avg += f'GrowFromCenter({partani}), '
avg += ')'
return eval(avg)
# xxp reverse grow from center
def xrgf(a, li):
avg = 'AnimationGroup('
def pregrow(name, i):
if type(i) == int:
back = name + '[' + str(i) + ']'
elif type(i) == str:
m = i.find('.')
n1 = i[0:m]
n2 = i[m+1:]
back = name + '[' + n1 + ':' + n2 + ']'
return back
for j in li:
partani = pregrow('a', j)
avg += f'GrowFromCenter({partani}, reverse_rate_function = True), '
avg += ')'
return eval(avg)
# xxp color and sheen static
def xcss(a, b):
a.set_color(b).set_sheen(0.1)
# xxp place in line
def xpl(*args):
vg = VGroup()
frame = FullScreenRectangle()
wid = frame.width
for i in args:
vg.add(i.copy())
wid -= i.width
mybuff = wid/(len(args)+1)
vg.arrange(buff=mybuff)
for j in range(len(args)):
args[j].match_x(vg[j])
# xxp place in grid
def xpg(*args):
n = 0
full = FullScreenRectangle()
li = ['ul','ur','dl','dr']
for a in args:
if a.width > a.height:
a.set(width = full.width/3)
xpp(a,li[n])
else:
a.set(height = full.height/3)
xpp(a,li[n])
n += 1
# xxp color 1
def xc1(*args):
for a in args:
a.save_state()
a.set_color(WHITE).set_sheen(0)
# xxp color 2
def xc2(*args):
li = []
for a in args:
li.append(Restore(a))
return li
# xxp color 3
def xc3(*args):
li = []
for a in args: # 不可使用animate
li.append(ApplyMethod(a.set_color, WHITE))
return li
# xxp animations list
def xal(t,*argss):
args = []
for i in argss:
args.append(i)
# 不是args = atgs.reverse()
args.reverse()
n = 0
for a in args:
if n == 1:
ag = AnimationGroup(args[1],args[0],lag_ratio=t)
elif n > 1:
ag = AnimationGroup(a,ag,lag_ratio=t)
n += 1
return ag
# xxp sub number
def xsn(*args):
vg = VGroup()
for i in range(len(args)):
n = Integer(i+1).next_to(args[i],0.7*UP)
xcss(n, BLUE)
vg.add(n)
return vg
# xxp get distance
def xgd(a,b):
return b.get_center() - a.get_center()
# xxp get distance by coodrdinate
def xgdc(a,b):
return b - a.get_center()
# xxp text flower list
def xtfl(a,*args):
# for a in args:
vg = VGroup()
li0 = xtf(a)
vg.add(li0)
n = 1
for a in args:
li = xtf2(1,a)
xm(li,0,li0,0);li.shift(n*0.9*DOWN+RIGHT)
vg.add(li)
n += 1
return vg
# xxp text flower list abbr
def xtfla(a,b):
# for a in args:
vg = VGroup()
li0 = xtf(a)
n = 1
li1 = xtf2(1,'');xm(li1,0,li0,0);li1.shift(DOWN+RIGHT)
vg.add(li0,li1)
for i in range(b-1):
li = xtf2(1,'')
xm(li,0,li1,0);li.shift(n*0.2*DOWN)
vg.add(li)
n += 1
return vg
# xxp corner check
def xcc(a,b):
a.to_corner(UL);b.to_corner(DR)
xc([a,b])
# xxp edge check
def xec(a,b):
a.to_edge(UP);b.to_edge(DOWN)
xc([a,b])
# xxp grid check
def xgc(*args):
xpg(*args)
xc([*args])
# xxp orbit color
def xoc(a):
a.set_color([BLUE_C, BLUE_E]).set_sheen(0.3).set_opacity(0.8)
# xxp play
def xxp(*args):
for a in args:
if type(a) == list:
self.wait(0.5)
self.play(*a)
self.wait(0.5)
elif type(a) == set:
self.clear()
self.add(*a)
elif type(a) == tuple:
for i in a:
self.play(i)
else:
self.wait(0.5)
self.play(a)
self.wait(0.5)
# xxp molecule move
def xmm(a,b,c):
return a.animate.shift(xgd(b,c))
# xxp markup text
def xmt(a):
# 最多不能超过三个
for i in range(5):
a = a.replace('_','<sub>',1)
a = a.replace('_','</sub>',1)
a = a.replace('^','<sup>',1)
a = a.replace('^','</sup>',1)
return MarkupText(a)
# xxp move along arc
def xmaa(a,b,c,s):
arc = ArcBetweenPoints(b.get_center(), c.get_center(), angle = s*120*DEGREES)
return MoveAlongPath(a, arc)
# xxp dot group
def xdg(num,r1,r2):
vg = VGroup()
for i in range(num):
r = np.random.rand()*(r2-r1) + r1
t = np.random.rand()*2*PI
vg.add(Circle(radius=0.1, color=BLUE_B, fill_opacity=1).shift(r*np.cos(t)*RIGHT+r*np.sin(t)*UP))
return vg
# manim CE
if type('manim CE') == str:
# self.play()
def sp(*args, **kwargs):
return self.play(*args, **kwargs)
# self.wait()
def sw(*args, **kwargs):
return self.wait(*args, **kwargs)
# self.add()
def sa(*args, **kwargs):
return self.add(*args, **kwargs)
# self.clear()
def sc(*args, **kwargs):
return self.clear(*args, **kwargs)
# self.remove()
def sr(*args, **kwargs):
return self.remove(*args, **kwargs)
# Animation Transform()
def at(a, b, *args, **kwargs):
return ReplacementTransform(a, b, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation Transform()
def at0(a, b, *args, **kwargs):
return Transform(a, b, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation ReplacementTransform()
def art(a, b, *args, **kwargs):
return ReplacementTransform(a, b, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation TransformMatchingShapes()
def atm(a, b, *args, **kwargs):
return TransformMatchingShapes(a, b, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation ClockwiseTransform()
def act(a, b, *args, **kwargs):
return ClockwiseTransform(a, b, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation CounterclockwiseTransform()
def acct(a, b, *args, **kwargs):
return CounterclockwiseTransform(a, b, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation Write()
def aw(a, *args, **kwargs):
return Write(a, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation LaggedStart()
def als(a, *args, **kwargs):
return LaggedStart(a, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation Unwrite()
def auw(a, *args, **kwargs):
return Unwrite(a, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation FadeOut()
def afo(a, *args, **kwargs):
return FadeOut(a, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation FadeIn()
def afi(a, *args, **kwargs):
return FadeIn(a, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation FadeOut()
def afoo(a, *args, **kwargs):
return FadeOut(a, *args, shift=DOWN, **kwargs)
# Animation FadeIn()
def afii(a, *args, **kwargs):
return FadeIn(a, *args, shift=DOWN, **kwargs)
# Animation Restore()
def are(a, *args, **kwargs):
return Restore(a, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation Rotate()
def aro(a, b, *args, **kwargs):
return Rotate(a, about_point = b.get_center(), *args, **kwargs)
# Animation DrawBorderThenFill()
def adb(a, *args, **kwargs):
return DrawBorderThenFill(a, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation DrawBorderThenFill() reverse
def adbr(a, *args, **kwargs):
return DrawBorderThenFill(a, *args, **kwargs, reverse_rate_function = True)
# Animation GrowFromCenter()
def agf(a, *args, **kwargs):
return GrowFromCenter(a, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation MoveAlongPath()
def ama(a, b, *args, **kwargs):
return MoveAlongPath(a, b, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation SpinInFromNothing
def asi(a, *args, **kwargs):
return SpinInFromNothing(a, angle=2 * PI, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation SpinInFromNothing reverse
def asir(a, *args, **kwargs):
return SpinInFromNothing(a, angle=2 * PI, *args, **kwargs, reverse_rate_function = True)
# Animation ShrinkToCenter
def ast(a, *args, **kwargs):
return ShrinkToCenter(a, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation Circumscribe
def ac(a, *args, **kwargs):
return Circumscribe(a, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation Indicate
def ai(a, *args, **kwargs):
return Indicate(a, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation Restore
def ar(a, *args, **kwargs):
return Restore(a, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation Shift
def ash(a, b, *args, **kwargs):
return ApplyMethod(a.shift, b, *args, **kwargs)
# Animation Succession
def asu(*args):
return Succession(*args)
# Animation moveto
def amt(a, b, *args, **kwargs):
return ApplyMethod(a.move_to, b, *args, **kwargs)
# Group sheen
def gs(*args):
li = []
for i in args:
li.append(i.animate.set_sheen(0.1))
return AnimationGroup(*li, run_time=0.5)
# Group color
def gc(*args):
li = []
for i in range(len(args)):
if i % 2 == 0:
li.append(args[i].animate.set_color(args[i+1]))
return AnimationGroup(*li)
# mobject Text
def mt(text, *args, **kwargs):
return Text(text, *args, **kwargs)
# mobject SVGMobject
def msm(name, *args, **kwargs):
sm = SVGMobject(f'D:\\manimSVG\\{name}.svg')
return sm
# mobject MathTex
def mmt(text, *args, **kwargs):
return MathTex(text, *args, **kwargs)
# mobject VGroup
def mvg(*args, **kwargs):
return VGroup(*args, **kwargs)
# mobject ArcBetweenPoints
def mab(a, b, *args, **kwargs):
return ArcBetweenPoints(a.get_center(), b.get_center(), angle = 120*DEGREES, *args, **kwargs)
# mobject DashedLine
def mdl(a, b, *args, **kwargs):
return DashedLine(a, b, *args, **kwargs)
# other function
if type('other function') == str:
# shift
def sh(*args):
i = 1
for a in args:
if i % 2 != 0:
a.shift(args[i])
i += 1
# scale
def sc(*args):
i = 1
for a in args:
if i % 2 != 0:
a.scale(args[i])
i += 1
# coloring
def c(*args):
i = 1
for a in args:
if i % 2 != 0:
xcss(a, args[i])
i += 1
# Wait
def w(*args):
return Wait(*args)
# refresh
def refresh(*args, **kwargs):
self.clear()
sa(*args, **kwargs)
# color refresh
def crefresh(*args, **kwargs):
sc()
for i in args:
xcoi(i)
sa(*args, **kwargs)
# execute narrator
def ext(a):
for i in a:
globals()[f't{str(i)}']=xn(a[i])
# execute narrator 2
def exn(a):
for i in a:
globals()[f't{str(i)}']=xn2(a[i])
# execute mobject
def exm(name, num):
for i in range(num):
globals()[name + str(i+1)]=msm(name + str(i+1))
# ApplyMethod Shift
def lsh(a, b):
return ApplyMethod(a.shift,b)
# ApplyMethod Scale
def lsc(a, b):
return ApplyMethod(a.scale,b)
# temporary
if type('temporary') == str:
def movearound(a,b,t):
li = []
center = b
for i in range(t):
x = np.random.rand()*0.3
y = np.random.rand()*2*PI
li.append(amt(a,center+x*np.cos(y)*r+x*np.sin(y)*u,run_time=0.5,rate_func=rate_functions.smooth))
return asu(*li)
def movearound2(a,t):
li = []
center = a.get_center()
for i in range(t):
x = np.random.rand()*0.3
y = np.random.rand()*2*PI
li.append(amt(a,center+x*np.cos(y)*r+x*np.sin(y)*u,run_time=0.5,rate_func=rate_functions.smooth))
return asu(*li)
def autograph(a,b,c):
pic=ImageMobject(a).scale(1.3).shift(3.5*l+0.8*u)
name=xn(b).next_to(pic,DOWN);name2=xn(c).scale(0.8).next_to(name,DOWN)
return Group(pic,name,name2)
def bounce(a):
return afi(a,shift=3*d,rate_func=rate_functions.ease_out_bounce,run_time=2)
def setz(z,*args):
for i in args:
i.set_z_index(z)
def vmove(a,b):
li=[];c=a.get_center()
li.append(ash(a,(b[1]-c[1])*u))
li.append(ash(a,(b[0]-c[0])*r))
return asu(*li)
def mylist(a,b):
li=[];li2=[]
for i in a:
li.append(xn(i).scale(1.5))
for i in range(len(li)):
if i !=0:
li[i].next_to(li[i-1],2.8*r)
li[i].set_y(li[0].get_y())
for i in range(len(li)):
li2.append(xn(b[i]).scale(1.2).next_to(li[i],3*d))
for i in range(len(li2)):
if i !=0:
li2[i].set_y(li2[0].get_y())
vg1=mvg(*li);vg2=mvg(*li2)
return mvg(vg1,vg2).move_to(ORIGIN)
View Code
scene 1~5
def playscene1():
title=Text('多电子原子结构', font='STZhongsong')
ext({1:'多电子原子的 Schrödinger 方程更加复杂',2:'以氦原子为例，需要考虑三种静电相互作用',3:'核对两个电子的吸引力以及两个电子间的排斥力',4:'由于存在电子间的排斥作用，多电子的 Schrödinger 方程无法变数分离',5:'所以没有解析解'})
nu=Circle(radius=0.5, fill_opacity=1).set_color_by_gradient([BLUE,PURPLE]);e1=Circle(radius=0.15, fill_opacity=1).set_color_by_gradient([PURPLE,RED]);e2=Circle(radius=0.15, fill_opacity=1).set_color_by_gradient([PURPLE,RED])
sh(e1,1.8*r+2.3*u,e2,2.8*r+0.4*u)
i1=mdl(nu,e1);i2=mdl(nu,e2);i3=mdl(e1,e2);la1=mmt(r'\hat{H} =',r'-\frac{\hbar ^2}{2m_e} \nabla _1^2-\frac{2e^2}{4\pi \varepsilon _0r_1}',r'-\frac{\hbar ^2}{2m_e} \nabla _2^2-\frac{2e^2}{4\pi \varepsilon _0r_2}',r'+\frac{e^2}{4\pi \varepsilon _0r_{12}}')
la2=mmt(r'\hat{H}\psi =E\psi');
sc(la1,0.8,la2,0.8);sh(la1,0.5*d,la2,2*d)
c(i1,BLUE,i2,PURPLE,i3,GOLD,la1[1],BLUE,la1[2],PURPLE,la1[3],GOLD)
vg1=mvg(nu,e1,e2,i1,i2,i3);nu.save_state();e1.save_state();e2.save_state();
xxp(adb(title),afo(title),afi(t1),w(0.5),at(t1,t2),xal(0.3,agf(nu),agf(e1),agf(e2)),at(t2,t3),xal(0.3,agf(i1),agf(i2),agf(i3)),[vg1.animate.scale(0.8).shift(u),afi(la1,la2,shift=UP)],at(t3,t4),w(),at(t4,t5),[afo(t5,i1,i2,i3),afoo(la1,la2),ar(nu),ar(e1),ar(e2)])
def playscene2():
ext({1:'氦原子的电子构型为1s²',2:'如果体系中存在三个电子，电子构型是否为1s³呢？',3:'事实并非如此，因为电子的排布需要满足 Pauli 不相容原理',4:'在同一轨道中的电子具有相同的n,l,m',5:'但自旋量子数只有两个取值：+1/2和-1/2',6:'因此 Pauli 不相容原理也可以表述为：',7:'在一个原子轨道中最多容纳两个自旋方向相反的电子',
8:'因此，锂原子的前两个电子会填充到1s上',9:'那么第三个电子会填充到2s上还是2p上呢？'})
nu=Circle(radius=0.5, fill_opacity=1).set_color_by_gradient([BLUE,PURPLE]);e1=Circle(radius=0.15, fill_opacity=1).set_color_by_gradient([PURPLE,RED]);e2=Circle(radius=0.15, fill_opacity=1).set_color_by_gradient([PURPLE,RED]);e3=Circle(radius=0.15, fill_opacity=1).set_color_by_gradient([PURPLE,RED]);
sh(e1,1.8*r+2.3*u,e2,2.8*r+0.4*u);e3.move_to([1.126,-0.65,0])
s = ImageMobject(r"C:\Users\86158\Music\s.png").set_z_index(2);e3.set_z_index(-1).set_opacity(0)
p = ImageMobject(r"C:\Users\86158\Music\pz.png");
r1=xn2('在原子中不允许存在');r2=xn2('四个量子数完全相同的两个电子');r3=xn('Pauli 不相容原理').scale(1.3)
sh(s,0.25*l,r1,2.5*r+3*u);r2.next_to(r1,d);r3.next_to(r1,5*u);pauli=autograph(r"C:\Users\86158\Music\Pauli.png",'Wolfgang Pauli','1900-4-25—1958-12-15')
adg1=xdg(8,0,1.8).set_z_index(-2)
s2=s.copy();sc(s2,1.4,p,1.2);sh(s2,0.1*l,p,0.28*l)
sa(nu,e1,e2);xxp([afi(t1),amt(e1,[0,1.3,0]),amt(e2,[-1.126,-0.65,0])]);sp(movearound(e1,[0,1.3,0],10),movearound(e2,[-1.126,-0.65,0],10),asu(agf(s),at(t1,t2),e3.animate.set_opacity(1),movearound(e3,[1.126,-0.65,0],4)));xxp(at(t2,t3),afo(nu,e1,e2,e3,s))
xxp([afii(pauli),afii(r1,r2,r3)],w(),[afoo(pauli,r1,r2,r3),afii(adg1,s),at(t3,t4)],w(),at(t4,t5),w(),ast(adg1[2:]),at(t5,t6),w(0.5),at(t6,t7),w(),at(t7,t8),w(0.5),at(t8,t9),afii(s2),afii(p),[ast(s),ast(adg1[0:2]),afo(t9)],[ash(s2,3*l),ash(p,3*r)])
def playscene3():
ext({1:'与氢原子不同，多电子原子中2s与2p轨道的能量不一致',2:'这与屏蔽效应和钻穿效应有关',3:'在原子中，外层电子会受到内层电子的排斥作用',4:'这种作用削弱了核电荷对该电子的吸引作用',5:'即有效核电荷降低了，这就是屏蔽效应',
6:'2s轨道和2p轨道上的电子都会受到1s轨道上的电子的排斥作用',7:'但是2s轨道上的电子受到的排斥更小',8:'这是因为2s在壳层概率分布上比2p多了一个离核较近的峰',9:'2s钻得离核更近，能更多地避免其余电子的屏蔽',10:'这就是钻穿效应'})
s = ImageMobject(r"C:\Users\86158\Music\s.png").set_z_index(-1).shift(0.25*l);
s0 = ImageMobject(r"C:\Users\86158\Music\s.png").set_z_index(-1).scale(0.6)
p = ImageMobject(r"C:\Users\86158\Music\pz.png").set_z_index(-1);
sc(s,1.4,p,1.2);sh(s,0.1*l+3*l,p,0.28*l+3*r)
nu=Circle(radius=0.5, fill_opacity=1).set_color_by_gradient([BLUE,PURPLE]);e1=Circle(radius=0.15, fill_opacity=1).set_color_by_gradient([PURPLE,RED]);e2=Circle(radius=0.15, fill_opacity=1).set_color_by_gradient([PURPLE,RED]);e3=Circle(radius=0.15, fill_opacity=1).set_color_by_gradient([PURPLE,RED]);
sh(e1,1.8*r+2*u);e2.move_to([1.2,0.3,0]);e3.move_to([0.7,1,0])
chart=msm('chart').scale(2);note1=mmt(r'4\pi r^2R(r)^2');xcoi(chart);note2=mmt('r');note3=mmt('2s');note4=mmt('2p');c(note3,bb,note4,rr)
s01=s0.copy();s02=s0.copy();
sh(note1,4*l+1.7*u,note2,5*r+2.3*d,note3,0.5*u+2*l,note4,3*l+0.5*u,s01,3.2*l,s02,2.8*r)
sa(s,p);xxp(afi(t1),at(t1,t2),[afoo(s,p),afii(nu,e1,e2,e3)],at(t2,t3),(ash(e1,0.6*u+0.6*r),ash(e1,0.6*d+0.6*l)),[ast(e2),ast(e3),at(t3,t4)],w(),at(t4,t5),w(0.5))
xxp([at(t5,t6),ast(nu),ast(e1),afii(s,p)],[s.animate.scale(0.8),p.animate.scale(0.8),agf(s01),agf(s02)],at(t6,t7),w(0.5),[at(t7,t8),aw(chart[0:4])],[aw(note1),aw(note2)],[aw(chart[4]),aw(chart[5])],[aw(note3),aw(note4)],at(t8,t9),[afo(note3,note4),chart[4:6].animate.scale(3).shift(1.7*u+9.65*r)],w(),at(t9,t10),afo(t10,chart,note1,note2,s,p,s01,s02))
def playscene4():
ext({1:'因此锂原子的第三个电子会填充到能量更低的2s轨道上',2:'同理可知，在同一电子层中，能量按照s、p、d、f的次序增高',3:'如果再增加一个电子，会继续填充到2s轨道上',4:'再增加一个电子，则开始填充到2p轨道上',5:'如果再增加一个电子呢？',6:'它会填充到原来的2p轨道还是新的2p轨道呢？',7:'电子会填充到新的2p轨道，因为这样电子间的排斥力会更小',
8:'这就是 Hund 规则'})
s = ImageMobject(r"C:\Users\86158\Music\s.png").set_z_index(2)
e1=Circle(radius=0.15, fill_opacity=1).set_color_by_gradient([PURPLE,RED]);e2=Circle(radius=0.15, fill_opacity=1).set_color_by_gradient([PURPLE,RED]);e3=Circle(radius=0.15, fill_opacity=1).set_color_by_gradient([PURPLE,RED]);
s2=s.copy().set_z_index(2);sc(s2,1.4);sh(s2,0.1*l)
p = ImageMobject(r"C:\Users\86158\Music\pz.png").set_z_index(2).scale(1.2);
p2 = ImageMobject(r"C:\Users\86158\Music\px.png").set_z_index(3).scale(0.9);
sh(e1,0.7*l+0.3*d,e2,0.8*r+0.4*u,e3,4*r);e4=e3.copy();e5=e4.copy();e6=e5.copy()
xxp([afi(t1),afii(s,s2,e1,e2,e3)],amt(e3,[1.8,-1.8,0]),at(t1,t2),w(),at(t2,t3),agf(e4),amt(e4,[2.2,1.5,0]),w(0.5),[at(t3,t4),afoo(s,s2,e1,e2,e3,e4),afii(p)],agf(e5),amt(e5,[0.3,2,0]),at(t4,t5),agf(e6),at(t5,t6),afii(p2),at(t6,t7),amt(e6,[2.3,0.7,0]),[at(t7,t8),afoo(p,p2,e5,e6)])
def playscene5():
ext({1:'这就是 Hund 规则',2:'因此，再增加一个电子，它会以自旋相同的方式占据新的2p轨道'})
hund=autograph(r"C:\Users\86158\Music\hund.png",'Friedrich Hund','1896-2-4—1997-3-31')
r1=xn2('电子分布到能量简并的原子轨道时').scale(0.8);r2=xn2('优先以自旋相同的方式分别占据不同的轨道').scale(0.8);r3=xn('Hund 规则').scale(1.3);rule=mvg(r1,r2,r3)
sh(r1,2.5*r+3*u);r2.next_to(r1,d);r3.next_to(r1,5*u);
p = ImageMobject(r"C:\Users\86158\Music\pz.png").set_z_index(2).scale(1.2);
p2 = ImageMobject(r"C:\Users\86158\Music\px.png").set_z_index(3).scale(0.9);
p3 = ImageMobject(r"C:\Users\86158\Music\py.png").set_z_index(4).scale(0.9);
e1=Circle(radius=0.15, fill_opacity=1).set_color_by_gradient([PURPLE,RED]).move_to([0.3,2,0]);e2=e1.copy().move_to([2.3,0.7,0]);e3=e1.copy().move_to([4,0,0])
sa(t1);xxp(afii(hund,rule),w(1.5),[at(t1,t2),afoo(hund,rule)],afii(e1,e2,p,p2),agf(e3),afii(p3),amt(e3,[1.8,-0.7,0]),afoo(t2,p,p2,p3,e1,e2,e3))
View Code
scene 6~
def playscene6():
ext({1:'up主楼上工具人举了一个很形象的例子来理解核外电子的排布',2:'原子就像一座食堂，桌子代表原子轨道',3:'同学在座位上就餐代表电子填充进原子轨道',4:'在食堂就餐时一般不愿意多爬楼',5:'这就是能量最低原理：电子优先填充能量低的轨道',
6:'一张桌子只能坐两个人，且两人的朝向相反',7:'这就是 Pauli 不相容原理：一个原子轨道只能容纳两个自旋相反的电子',8:'如果有多张桌子可供选择，陌生人一般会刻意避免坐同一张桌子',9:'这就是 Hund 规则：在能量相等的轨道上，电子优先自旋平行地占据不同的轨道'})
f1=msm('f1').scale(0.7);f2=msm('f2').scale(0.7);f3=f2.copy();sh(f1,1.8*d,f3,1.8*u);fall=mvg(f1,f2,f3);l1=xn('1s').move_to(f1[1]);l2=xn('2s').move_to(f2[1]);l3=xn('2p').move_to(f2[8]);l4=xn('3s').move_to(f3[1]);l5=xn('3p').move_to(f3[8]);lall=mvg(l1,l2,l3,l4,l5).set_z_index(10);c(lall,bb)
sh(lall,0.1*u);
haha=ImageMobject(r"C:\Users\86158\Music\haha.png");name=xn('楼上工具人').scale(1.6).next_to(haha,DOWN);person=Group(haha,name).move_to(ORIGIN)
p1=msm('p1').scale(0.6).shift(1.8*d+5.8*l);p2=msm('p2').scale(0.6).shift(1.8*d+5.8*l);setz(2,f1[0],f2[0],f2[2:7]);setz(3,p1);setz(4,f1[1],f2[1],f2[7:10]);setz(5,p2)
p3=p1.copy();p4=p2.copy();p5=p1.copy();p6=p1.copy();p7=p1.copy();p8=p2.copy()
xxp([agf(haha),adb(name),afi(t1)],w(0.5))
xxp([at(t1,t2),afoo(person),afii(f1[0],f2[0],f2[2:7],f3[0],f3[2:7])],xal(0.1,bounce(f1[1]),bounce(f2[7]),bounce(f2[1]),bounce(f2[9]),bounce(f2[8]),bounce(f3[9]),bounce(f3[7]),bounce(f3[1]),bounce(f3[8])),xal(0.3,agf(l1),agf(l2),agf(l3),agf(l4),agf(l5)))
xxp([at(t2,t3),agf(p1)],[afo(lall),afo(f3,shift=UP),f1.animate.scale(1.7).move_to([0,-1.3,0]),f2.animate.scale(1.7).move_to([0,1.7,0])],w(0.5))
pos1=f1[1].get_center()+0.7*u;pos2=f1[1].get_center()+0.1*d;pos5=f2[7].get_center()+0.9*u;xxp(at(t3,t4),vmove(p1,pos1),at(t4,t5),w(0.5),at(t5,t6),agf(p2),vmove(p2,pos2),at(t6,t7),w(1.5),[afo(t7),agf(p3)])
pos3=f2[1].get_center()+0.7*u;pos4=f2[1].get_center()+0.1*d;pos6=f2[8].get_center()+0.9*u;pos7=f2[9].get_center()+0.9*u;pos8=f2[7].get_center()+0.4*d;
xxp(vmove(p3,pos3),agf(p4),vmove(p4,pos4),agf(p5),vmove(p5,pos5),agf(p6),afi(t8),w(),vmove(p6,pos6),at(t8,t9),w(1.5),[afo(t9),agf(p7)],vmove(p7,pos7),agf(p8),vmove(p8,pos8),afo(f1,f2,p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6,p7,p8));
def playscene7():
ext({1:'需要注意的是，由于屏蔽效应和钻穿效应的影响',2:'原子轨道的能量不仅与n有关，也与l有关',3:'我国化学家徐光宪教授提出了一个定量的近似规则',4:'原子轨道的n+0.7l值越大，能级越高',5:'因此会产生能级交错现象，例如4s轨道的能量低于3d轨道',6:'因此填充电子时4s轨道优先于3d轨道',
7:'另外，电子填充时也有某些特殊情况',8:'例如，能量相等的轨道全充满、半满或全空的状态比较稳定',9:'称为 Hund 第二规则，典型的例子是 Cr 和 Cu',10:'此时并没有先填满4s轨道再填充3d轨道',11:'因为半满或全满的3d轨道能量更低'})
q1=mylist(['1s','2s','2p','3s','3p','3d','4s','4p','4d','4f'],['1','2','2.7','3','3.7','4.4','4','4.7','5.4','6.1'])
xu=autograph(r"C:\Users\86158\Music\xu.png",'徐光宪','1920-11-7—2015-4-28');text=xn('n + 0.7l').scale(2).move_to([3,0,0])
p1=mmt('Cr').scale(1.3);p2=mmt('Cu').scale(1.3);p3=mmt('[Ar]3d^54s^1').scale(1.3);p4=mmt('[Ar]3d^{10}4s^1').scale(1.3);p5=mmt('[Ar]3d^44s^2').scale(1.3);p6=mmt('[Ar]3d^94s^2').scale(1.3);psay=xn2('而不是：').scale(1.2).move_to(ORIGIN)
sh(p3,2.6*l,p4,2.6*r,p5,2.6*l+1.5*d,p6,2.6*r+1.5*d,psay,5.5*l+1.5*d,p1,2.6*l+1.5*u,p2,2.6*r+1.5*u);c(p5,bb,p6,bb,psay,bb)
xxp(afi(t1),afii(q1[0]),at(t1,t2),w(0.5),[at(t2,t3),afoo(q1[0]),afii(xu,text)],w(0),at(t3,t4),w(0),[afoo(xu,text),afii(q1[0])],afii(q1[1]),at(t4,t5),w(0),[Swap(q1[0][5],q1[0][6]),Swap(q1[1][5],q1[1][6])],at(t5,t6),afoo(q1))
xxp(at(t6,t7),w(0.5),at(t7,t8),w(1.5),[at(t8,t9),afii(p1,p2,p3,p4)],w(),at(t9,t10),afii(p5,p6,psay),w(),at(t10,t11),w(0),[afoo(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6,psay),afo(t11)])
def playscene0():
title = mt('本期视频BGM及推荐者',font='YouYuan').scale(0.8).to_edge(UP)
m1 = ImageMobject(r'C:\Users\86158\Music\qq1.png').scale(2);n1=xn('nian_fa').set_color(color=['#FFE4E1','#FFC1C1']).scale(1.1).next_to(m1);v1=Group(m1,n1);xpp(v1,'ur')
m2 = ImageMobject(r'C:\Users\86158\Music\qq2.png').scale(2);n2=xn('Slimer-').set_color(color=['#EE6363','#FFD39B']).scale(1.1).next_to(m2);v2=Group(m2,n2);xpp(v2,'dr')
t1 = mt('同じ高みへ',font='STFangsong').scale(0.6).scale(1.3);xpp(t1,'ul')
t2 = mt('星茶会',font='STFangsong').scale(0.6).scale(1.3);xpp(t2,'dl')
sw(0.5);sp(adb(title));sp(xal(0.3,agf(m1),agf(m2)));sp(xal(0.3,agf(n1),agf(n2)));sp(afi(t1,t2));sw(2);sp(afo(title,v1,v2,t1,t2));sw(0.5)
View Code
标签：Multi,set,return,color,args,electron,structure,kwargs,def From： https://www.cnblogs.com/daxiangcai/p/16739399.html