hello，大家好啊，今天给大家带来一篇在统信UOS服务器操作系统上迁移docker目录的文章，在工作中我们会发现，当我们没有将/var目录单独分区的时候，运行docker容器后，会将根目录挤压，因此我们可以通过迁移docker目录的方式，释放根路径的磁盘空间，文章内容仅供参考，生产环境请根据实际情况调整，话不多说，让我们开始吧。
1、查看系统版本
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/os-version
[Version]
SystemName=UnionTech OS Server
SystemName[zh_CN]=统信服务器操作系统
ProductType=Server
ProductType[zh_CN]=服务器
EditionName=e
EditionName[zh_CN]=e
MajorVersion=20
MinorVersion=1050
OsBuild=12038.101
[root@localhost ~]#
2、安装docker-ce
[root@localhost ~]# yum install docker-ce -y
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:46 ago on 2023年06月20日 星期二 14时48分41秒.
Dependencies resolved.
===================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repo Size
===================================================================================
Installing:
docker-ce x86_64 20.10.7-3.uel20 repo 23 M
Installing dependencies:
container-selinux noarch 2:2.138.0-1.uel20 repo 36 k
containerd.io x86_64 1.5.5-1.uel20 repo 35 M
docker-ce-cli x86_64 20.10.7-3.uel20 repo 30 M
docker-ce-rootless-extras x86_64 20.10.7-3.uel20 repo 4.5 M
docker-scan-plugin x86_64 0.7.0-3.uel20 repo 3.7 M
libcgroup x86_64 0.42.2-3.uel20 repo 95 k
Transaction Summary
===================================================================================
Install 7 Packages
Total size: 96 M
Installed size: 400 M
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : docker-scan-plugin-0.7.0-3.uel20.x86_64 1/7
Installing : docker-ce-cli-20.10.7-3.uel20.x86_64 2/7
Running scriptlet: docker-ce-cli-20.10.7-3.uel20.x86_64 2/7
Running scriptlet: libcgroup-0.42.2-3.uel20.x86_64 3/7
Installing : libcgroup-0.42.2-3.uel20.x86_64 3/7
Running scriptlet: libcgroup-0.42.2-3.uel20.x86_64 3/7
Installing : docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.7-3.uel20.x86_64 4/7
Installing : containerd.io-1.5.5-1.uel20.x86_64 5/7
Running scriptlet: containerd.io-1.5.5-1.uel20.x86_64 5/7
Installing : container-selinux-2:2.138.0-1.uel20.noarch 6/7
Running scriptlet: container-selinux-2:2.138.0-1.uel20.noarch 6/7
Deprecated, use selabel_lookup
Installing : docker-ce-20.10.7-3.uel20.x86_64 7/7
Running scriptlet: docker-ce-20.10.7-3.uel20.x86_64 7/7
Verifying : container-selinux-2:2.138.0-1.uel20.noarch 1/7
Verifying : containerd.io-1.5.5-1.uel20.x86_64 2/7
Verifying : docker-ce-20.10.7-3.uel20.x86_64 3/7
Verifying : docker-ce-cli-20.10.7-3.uel20.x86_64 4/7
Verifying : docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.7-3.uel20.x86_64 5/7
Verifying : docker-scan-plugin-0.7.0-3.uel20.x86_64 6/7
Verifying : libcgroup-0.42.2-3.uel20.x86_64 7/7
Installed:
container-selinux-2:2.138.0-1.uel20.noarch
containerd.io-1.5.5-1.uel20.x86_64
docker-ce-20.10.7-3.uel20.x86_64
docker-ce-cli-20.10.7-3.uel20.x86_64
docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.7-3.uel20.x86_64
docker-scan-plugin-0.7.0-3.uel20.x86_64
libcgroup-0.42.2-3.uel20.x86_64
Complete!
3、启动docker查看状态
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; disabled; vendor preset>
Active: active (running) since Tue 2023-06-20 14:51:27 CST; 3s ago
Docs: https://docs.docker.com
Main PID: 36834 (dockerd)
Tasks: 10
Memory: 44.0M
CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
└─36834 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --cnotallow=/run/containerd/containe>
6月 20 14:51:26 localhost.localdomain dockerd[36834]: time="2023-06-20T14:51:26.51>
6月 20 14:51:26 localhost.localdomain dockerd[36834]: time="2023-06-20T14:51:26.51>
6月 20 14:51:26 localhost.localdomain dockerd[36834]: time="2023-06-20T14:51:26.57>
6月 20 14:51:27 localhost.localdomain dockerd[36834]: time="2023-06-20T14:51:27.22>
6月 20 14:51:27 localhost.localdomain dockerd[36834]: time="2023-06-20T14:51:27.35>
6月 20 14:51:27 localhost.localdomain dockerd[36834]: time="2023-06-20T14:51:27.53>
6月 20 14:51:27 localhost.localdomain dockerd[36834]: time="2023-06-20T14:51:27.58>
6月 20 14:51:27 localhost.localdomain dockerd[36834]: time="2023-06-20T14:51:27.58>
[root@localhost ~]#
4、配置阿里云docker镜像加速器
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /etc/docker
[root@localhost ~]# tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
> {
> "registry-mirrors": ["https://xxxxxx.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
> }
> EOF
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://xxxxxxxx.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart docker
[root@localhost ~]#
5、拉取nginx镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
a2abf6c4d29d: Pull complete
a9edb18cadd1: Pull complete
589b7251471a: Pull complete
186b1aaa4aa6: Pull complete
b4df32aa5a72: Pull complete
a0bcbecc962e: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:0d17b565c37bcbd895e9d92315a05c1c3c9a29f762b011a10c54a66cd53c9b31
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest
[root@localhost ~]#
6、查看nginx镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 605c77e624dd 17 months ago 141MB
[root@localhost ~]#
7、启动nginx
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d --name nginx -p 80:80 nginx
dcb11489260306d89e54608e0de1cc7efcce6c444b7f9c85b4018c3bef08a783
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
dcb114892603 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 4 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp nginx
[root@localhost ~]#
8、访问nginx网站，可以看到网站访问成功
[root@localhost ~]# curl http://192.168.122.236
Welcome to nginx!
If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.
For online documentation and support please refer to
nginx.org.
Commercial support is available at
nginx.com.
Thank you for using nginx.
[root@localhost ~]#
9、停止docker服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop docker
Warning: Stopping docker.service, but it can still be activated by:
docker.socket
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop docker.socket
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; disabled; vendor preset>
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: https://docs.docker.com
6月 20 14:59:15 localhost.localdomain dockerd[37327]: time="2023-06-20T14:59:15.26>
6月 20 14:59:15 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Conta>
6月 20 14:59:15 localhost.localdomain dockerd[37327]: time="2023-06-20T14:59:15.30>
6月 20 15:03:52 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Stopping Docker Application Cont>
6月 20 15:03:52 localhost.localdomain dockerd[37327]: time="2023-06-20T15:03:52.29>
6月 20 15:03:52 localhost.localdomain dockerd[37327]: time="2023-06-20T15:03:52.52>
6月 20 15:03:52 localhost.localdomain dockerd[37327]: time="2023-06-20T15:03:52.91>
6月 20 15:03:52 localhost.localdomain dockerd[37327]: time="2023-06-20T15:03:52.91>
6月 20 15:03:52 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: docker.service: Succeeded.
6月 20 15:03:52 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Stopped Docker Application Conta>
[root@localhost ~]#
10、同步/var/lib/docker/目录到/home/docker
[root@localhost ~]# rsync -aP /var/lib/docker/ /home/docker/
runtimes/
swarm/
tmp/
trust/
volumes/
volumes/backingFsBlockDev
volumes/metadata.db
32,768 100% 41.29kB/s 0:00:00 (xfr#4432, to-chk=0/6359)
11、重新编辑docker服务配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.bak
[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
[root@localhost ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
mentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service containerd.service
Wants=network-online.target
Requires=docker.socket containerd.service
[Service]
Type=notify
# the default is not to use systemd for cgroups because the delegate issues still
# exists and systemd currently does not support the cgroup feature set required
# for containers run by docker
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --data-root /home/docker
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
TimeoutSec=0
RestartSec=2
Restart=always
# Note that StartLimit* options were moved from "Service" to "Unit" in systemd 229.
# Both the old, and new location are accepted by systemd 229 and up, so using the old location
# to make them work for either version of systemd.
StartLimitBurst=3
# Note that StartLimitInterval was renamed to StartLimitIntervalSec in systemd 230.
# Both the old, and new name are accepted by systemd 230 and up, so using the old name to make
# this option work for either version of systemd.
StartLimitInterval=60s
# Having non-zero Limit*s causes performance problems due to accounting overhead
# in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting.
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
# Comment TasksMax if your systemd version does not support it.
# Only systemd 226 and above support this option.
TasksMax=infinity
# set delegate yes so that systemd does not reset the cgroups of docker containers
Delegate=yes
# kill only the docker process, not all processes in the cgroup
KillMode=process
OOMScoreAdjust=-500
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
12、重新启动docker服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart docker
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; disabled; vendor preset>
Active: active (running) since Tue 2023-06-20 15:10:20 CST; 5s ago
Docs: https://docs.docker.com
Main PID: 38374 (dockerd)
Tasks: 9
Memory: 44.1M
CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
└─38374 /usr/bin/dockerd --data-root /home/docker
6月 20 15:10:19 localhost.localdomain dockerd[38374]: time="2023-06-20T15:10:19.38>
6月 20 15:10:19 localhost.localdomain dockerd[38374]: time="2023-06-20T15:10:19.63>
6月 20 15:10:19 localhost.localdomain dockerd[38374]: time="2023-06-20T15:10:19.67>
6月 20 15:10:19 localhost.localdomain dockerd[38374]: time="2023-06-20T15:10:19.94>
6月 20 15:10:20 localhost.localdomain dockerd[38374]: time="2023-06-20T15:10:20.05>
6月 20 15:10:20 localhost.localdomain dockerd[38374]: time="2023-06-20T15:10:20.19>
6月 20 15:10:20 localhost.localdomain dockerd[38374]: time="2023-06-20T15:10:20.21>
6月 20 15:10:20 localhost.localdomain dockerd[38374]: time="2023-06-20T15:10:20.21>
[root@localhost ~]#
13、查看docker是否启用新的数据目录
[root@localhost ~]# docker info |grep "Docker Root Dir"
Docker Root Dir: /home/docker
[root@localhost ~]#
14、查看并清除历史的docker容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
dcb114892603 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 10 minutes ago Exited (0) 8 minutes ago nginx
[root@localhost ~]# docker rm nginx
nginx
15、重新启动nginx容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d --name nginx -p 80:80 nginx
e7f77c08ed3705dabe8a4c8a21ab71f754ee8c5792aef139a7f089e12235c5c2
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e7f77c08ed37 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 6 seconds ago Up 5 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp nginx
[root@localhost ~]#
16、访问nginx网站，发现访问正常
[root@localhost ~]# curl http://192.168.122.236
Welcome to nginx!
If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.
For online documentation and support please refer to
nginx.org.
Commercial support is available at
nginx.com.
Thank you for using nginx.
[root@localhost ~]#
17、查看磁盘空间，docker数据在/home/docker下
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs 1.7G 0 1.7G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.7G 0 1.7G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.7G 9.1M 1.7G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.7G 0 1.7G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/uos-root 70G 8.9G 62G 13% /
tmpfs 1.7G 28K 1.7G 1% /tmp
/dev/mapper/uos-home 125G 1.1G 124G 1% /home
/dev/sda1 1014M 191M 824M 19% /boot
tmpfs 343M 56K 343M 1% /run/user/0
/dev/loop0 522M 522M 0 100% /mnt
overlay 125G 1.1G 124G 1% /home/docker/overlay2/a1280bbc74922071fe57357fd7dc667e6821ca86ddce4edbb2b4619861cceae2/merged
[root@localhost ~]#
18、删除原有的/var/lib/docker目录，查看释放的磁盘空间大小
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/docker
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs 1.7G 0 1.7G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.7G 0 1.7G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.7G 9.1M 1.7G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.7G 0 1.7G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/uos-root 70G 8.7G 62G 13% /
tmpfs 1.7G 28K 1.7G 1% /tmp
/dev/mapper/uos-home 125G 1.1G 124G 1% /home
/dev/sda1 1014M 191M 824M 19% /boot
tmpfs 343M 56K 343M 1% /run/user/0
/dev/loop0 522M 522M 0 100% /mnt
overlay 125G 1.1G 124G 1% /home/docker/overlay2/a1280bbc74922071fe57357fd7dc667e6821ca86ddce4edbb2b4619861cceae2/merged
[root@localhost ~]#