一、实验目的
能够对Open vSwitch进行基本操作;
能够通过命令行终端使用OVS命令操作Open vSwitch交换机,管理流表;
能够通过Mininet的Python代码运行OVS命令,控制网络拓扑中的Open vSwitch交换机
二、实验环境
Ubuntu 20.04 Desktop amd64
三、实验要求
(一)基本要求
1、ovs-vsctl基础操作实践:创建OVS交换机,以ovs-xxxxxxxxx命名,其中xxxxxxxxx为本人学号。在创建的交换机上增加端口p0和p1,设置p0的端口号为100,p1的端口号为101,类型均为internal;为了避免网络接口上的地址和本机已有网络地址冲突,需要创建虚拟网络空间(参考命令netns)ns0和ns1,分别将p0和p1移入,并分别配置p0和p1端口的ip地址为190.168.1.100、192.168.1.101,子网掩码为255.255.255.0;最后测试p0和p1的连通性。
点击查看代码
# 创建名为 ovs-212006158 的ovs交换机
sudo ovs-vsctl add-br ovs-212006116
# 创建端口 p0 ,设置编号为 100 ,类型为 internal
sudo ovs-vsctl add-port ovs-212006158 p0
sudo ovs-vsctl set Interface p0 ofport_request=100 type=internal
# 创建一个虚拟网络空间 ns0 , 把 p0 接口移入网络空间 ns0 ,并配置 IP 地址为192.168.1.100
sudo ip netns add ns0
sudo ip link set p0 netns ns0
sudo ip netns exec ns0 ip addr add 192.168.1.100/24 dev p0
sudo ip netns exec ns0 ifconfig p0 promisc up
# 创建端口 p1 ,设置编号为 101 ,类型为 internal
sudo ovs-vsctl add-port ovs-212006158 p1
sudo ovs-vsctl set Interface p1 ofport_request=101 type=internal
# 创建一个虚拟网络空间 ns1 , 把 p1 接口移入网络空间 ns1 ,并配置 IP 地址为192.168.1.101
sudo ip netns add ns1
sudo ip link set p1 netns ns1
sudo ip netns exec ns1 ip addr add 192.168.1.101/24 dev p1
sudo ip netns exec ns1 ifconfig p1 promisc up
# 测试
sudo ip netns exec ns0 ping 192.168.1.101
#查询 p0 网口的相关信息
sudo ethtool -i p0
2、使用Mininet搭建的SDN拓扑,如下图所示,要求支持OpenFlow 1.3协议,主机名、交换机名以及端口对应正确。
使用miniedit生成如下拓扑,并保存为fattree_1.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.node import Controller, RemoteController, OVSController
from mininet.node import CPULimitedHost, Host, Node
from mininet.node import OVSKernelSwitch, UserSwitch
from mininet.node import IVSSwitch
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info
from mininet.link import TCLink, Intf
from subprocess import call
def myNetwork():
net = Mininet( topo=None,
build=False,
ipBase='10.0.0.0/8')
info( '*** Adding controller\n' )
c0=net.addController(name='c0',
controller=Controller,
protocol='tcp',
port=6633)
info( '*** Add switches\n')
s1 = net.addSwitch('s1', cls=OVSKernelSwitch)
s2 = net.addSwitch('s2', cls=OVSKernelSwitch)
info( '*** Add hosts\n')
h1 = net.addHost('h1', cls=Host, ip='10.0.0.1', defaultRoute=None)
h2 = net.addHost('h2', cls=Host, ip='10.0.0.2', defaultRoute=None)
h3 = net.addHost('h3', cls=Host, ip='10.0.0.3', defaultRoute=None)
h4 = net.addHost('h4', cls=Host, ip='10.0.0.4', defaultRoute=None)
info( '*** Add links\n')
net.addLink(h1, s1,1,1)
net.addLink(h2, s1,1,2)
net.addLink(h3, s2,1,1)
net.addLink(h4, s2,1,2)
net.addLink(s1, s2,3,3)
info( '*** Starting network\n')
net.build()
info( '*** Starting controllers\n')
for controller in net.controllers:
controller.start()
info( '*** Starting switches\n')
net.get('s1').start([c0])
net.get('s2').start([c0])
info( '*** Post configure switches and hosts\n')
CLI(net)
net.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
myNetwork()
3、通过命令行终端输入“ovs-ofctl”命令,直接在s1和s2上添加流表,划分出所要求的VLAN。
VLANid | host |
---|---|
0 | h1 h3 |
1 | h2 h4 |
主机连通性要求:h1 – h3互通、h2 – h4互通、其余主机不通
点击查看代码
清空流表
sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 del-flows s1
sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 del-flows s2
S1
sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 add-flow s1 priority=1,in_port=1,actions=push_vlan:0x8100,set_field:4096-\>vlan_vid,output:3
sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 add-flow s1 priority=1,in_port=2,actions=push_vlan:0x8100,set_field:4097-\>vlan_vid,output:3
sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 add-flow s1 priority=1,dl_vlan=0,actions=pop_vlan,output:1
sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 add-flow s1 priority=1,dl_vlan=1,actions=pop_vlan,output:2
S2
sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 add-flow s2 priority=1,in_port=1,actions=push_vlan:0x8100,set_field:4096-\>vlan_vid,output:3
sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 add-flow s2 priority=1,in_port=2,actions=push_vlan:0x8100,set_field:4097-\>vlan_vid,output:3
sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 add-flow s2 priority=1,dl_vlan=0,actions=pop_vlan,output:1
sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 add-flow s2 priority=1,dl_vlan=1,actions=pop_vlan,output:2
运行fattree_1.py时下发流表,pingall并抓包
查看流表
(二)进阶要求
阅读SDNLAB实验使用Mininet,编写Python代码,生成(一)中的SDN拓扑,并在代码中直接使用OVS命令,做到可以直接运行Python程序完成和(一)相同的VLAN划分。
点击查看代码
#!/usr/bin/env python
from mininet.net import Mininet
from mininet.node import Controller, RemoteController, OVSController
from mininet.node import CPULimitedHost, Host, Node
from mininet.node import OVSKernelSwitch, UserSwitch
from mininet.node import IVSSwitch
from mininet.cli import CLI
from mininet.log import setLogLevel, info
from mininet.link import TCLink, Intf
from subprocess import call
def myNetwork():
net = Mininet( topo=None,
build=False,
ipBase='10.0.0.0/8')
info( '*** Adding controller\n' )
c0=net.addController(name='c0',
controller=Controller,
protocol='tcp',
port=6633)
info( '*** Add switches\n')
s1 = net.addSwitch('s1', cls=OVSKernelSwitch)
s2 = net.addSwitch('s2', cls=OVSKernelSwitch)
info( '*** Add hosts\n')
h1 = net.addHost('h1', cls=Host, ip='10.0.0.1', defaultRoute=None)
h2 = net.addHost('h2', cls=Host, ip='10.0.0.2', defaultRoute=None)
h3 = net.addHost('h3', cls=Host, ip='10.0.0.3', defaultRoute=None)
h4 = net.addHost('h4', cls=Host, ip='10.0.0.4', defaultRoute=None)
info( '*** Add links\n')
net.addLink(h1, s1, 1, 1)
net.addLink(h2, s1, 1, 2)
net.addLink(h3, s2, 1, 1)
net.addLink(h4, s2, 1, 2)
net.addLink(s1, s2, 3, 3)
info( '*** Starting network\n')
net.build()
info( '*** Starting controllers\n')
for controller in net.controllers:
controller.start()
info( '*** Starting switches\n')
net.get('s1').start([c0])
net.get('s2').start([c0])
info( '*** Post configure switches and hosts\n')
s1.cmd("sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 add-flow s1 priority=1,in_port=1,actions=push_vlan:0x8100,set_field:4096-\>vlan_vid,output:3")
s1.cmd("sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 add-flow s1 priority=1,in_port=2,actions=push_vlan:0x8100,set_field:4097-\>vlan_vid,output:3")
s1.cmd("sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 add-flow s1 priority=1,dl_vlan=0,actions=pop_vlan,output:1")
s1.cmd("sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 add-flow s1 priority=1,dl_vlan=1,actions=pop_vlan,output:2")
s2.cmd("sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 add-flow s2 priority=1,in_port=1,actions=push_vlan:0x8100,set_field:4096-\>vlan_vid,output:3")
s2.cmd("sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 add-flow s2 priority=1,in_port=2,actions=push_vlan:0x8100,set_field:4097-\>vlan_vid,output:3")
s2.cmd("sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 add-flow s2 priority=1,dl_vlan=0,actions=pop_vlan,output:1")
s2.cmd("sudo ovs-ofctl -O OpenFlow13 add-flow s2 priority=1,dl_vlan=1,actions=pop_vlan,output:2")
CLI(net)
net.stop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
setLogLevel( 'info' )
myNetwork()
(三)个人感想
1、这次实验内容较少,也比较简单,主要是细节问题,当然啦,命令大部分都是复制粘贴,小修小改,有些ovs相关命令还是不明白其含义,有待加强。
2、遇到的问题及解决方法
1)
问题:无法正常运行.py文件
解决:可以执行sudo mn -clean 清除mininet缓存
2)
问题:下发流表出现错误
解决:可以新开一个Terminal页面,重新运行.py文件后保持拓扑网络运行即可。
3)
问题:ping之前,流表正常,但是下发流表划分VLAN后全网仍然互通,再次查看流表发现异常
解决:用miniedit生成的python代码,可能是控制器的问题,pingall之后自动会发流,再额外加两句流表项清空就可以实现实验目的
4)
学会使用wireshark抓包