（1）前言
训练集05：（题量适中，难度适中）
7-5：多个类的互相调用对于日期类的整体优化，聚合初体验。
7-6：对7-5 的优化，加强聚合训练。
训练集06：（题量少，难度大）
7-1：多需求的实现。
（完成的不好，编程能力还不够）
（2）设计与分析
7-5：
类图：
源码：
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
int year = 0;
int month = 0;
int day = 0;
int choice = input.nextInt();
if (choice == 1) { // test getNextNDays method
int m = 0;
year = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
month = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
day = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
DateUtil date = new DateUtil(year, month, day);
if (!date.checkInputValidity()) {
System.out.println("Wrong Format");
System.exit(0);
}
m = input.nextInt();
if (m < 0) {
System.out.println("Wrong Format");
System.exit(0);
}
System.out.println(date.getNextNDays(m).showDate());
} else if (choice == 2) { // test getPreviousNDays method
int n = 0;
year = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
month = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
day = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
DateUtil date = new DateUtil(year, month, day);
if (!date.checkInputValidity()) {
System.out.println("Wrong Format");
System.exit(0);
}
n = input.nextInt();
if (n < 0) {
System.out.println("Wrong Format");
System.exit(0);
}
System.out.println(date.getPreviousNDays(n).showDate());
} else if (choice == 3) { //test getDaysofDates method
year = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
month = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
day = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
int anotherYear = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
int anotherMonth = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
int anotherDay = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
DateUtil fromDate = new DateUtil(year, month, day);
DateUtil toDate = new DateUtil(anotherYear, anotherMonth, anotherDay);
if (fromDate.checkInputValidity() && toDate.checkInputValidity()) {
System.out.println(fromDate.getDaysofDates(toDate));
} else {
System.out.println("Wrong Format");
System.exit(0);
}
}
else{
System.out.println("Wrong Format");
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
class Year{
private int value;
Year(){
}
Year(int value){
this.value=value;
}
public int getValue(){
return value;
}
public void setValue(int value){
this.value=value;
}
public boolean isLeapYear(){
if(value%400==0||(value%4==0&&value%100!=0)){
return true;
}else{
return false;
}
}
public boolean validate(){
if(value<1900||value>2050){
return false;
}else{
return true;
}
}
public void yearIncrement(){
this.value++;
}
public void yearReduction(){
this.value--;
}
}
class Month{
private int value;
private Year year;
Month(){
}
Month(int yearValue,int monthValue){
this.year=new Year(yearValue);
this.value=monthValue;
}
public int getValue(){
return value;
}
public void setValue(int value){
this.value=value;
}
public Year getYear(){
return year;
}
public void setYear(Year year){
this.year=year;
}
public void resetMin(){
this.value=1;
}
public void resetMax(){
this.value=12;
}
public boolean validate(){
if(value<1||value>12){
return false;
}else{
return true;
}
}
public void monthIncrement(){
this.value++;
}
public void monthReduction(){
this.value--;
}
}
class Day{
private int value;
private Month month;
private int[] mon_maxnum=new int[]{31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
Day(int yearValue,int monthValue,int dayValue){
this.month=new Month(yearValue,monthValue);
this.value=dayValue;
}
public int getValue(){
return value;
}
public void setValue(int value){
this.value=value;
}
public Month getMonth(){
return month;
}
public void setMonth(Month value){
this.month=value;
}
public void resetMin(){
month.setValue(1);
}
public void resetMax(){
if(month.getYear().isLeapYear()){
this.mon_maxnum[1]=29;
}else{
this.mon_maxnum[1]=28;
}
this.value=mon_maxnum[month.getValue()-1];
}
public boolean validate(){
if(value<1||value>mon_maxnum[month.getValue()-1]){
return false;
}else{
return true;
}
}
public void dayIncrement(){
this.value++;
}
public void dayReduction(){
this.value--;
}
}
class DateUtil{
private Day day;
DateUtil(){
}
DateUtil(int y,int m,int d){
day=new Day(y,m,d);
}
public Day getDay(){
return day;
}
public void setDay(Day d){
this.day=d;
}
public boolean checkInputValidity(){
if(day.getMonth().getYear().validate()&&day.getMonth().validate()&&day.validate()){
return true;
}else{
return false;
}
}
public boolean compareDates(DateUtil date){
if(day.getMonth().getYear().getValue()<date.day.getMonth().getYear().getValue()){
return true;
}else if(day.getMonth().getYear().getValue()==date.day.getMonth().getYear().getValue()){
if(day.getMonth().getValue()<date.day.getMonth().getValue()){
return true;
}else if(day.getMonth().getValue()==date.day.getMonth().getValue()){
if(day.getValue()<date.day.getValue()){
return true;
}else{
return false;
}
}else{
return false;
}
}else{
return false;
}
}
public boolean equalTwoDays(DateUtil date){
if(day.getValue()==date.day.getValue()&&day.getMonth().getYear().getValue()==date.day.getMonth().getYear().getValue()&&day.getMonth().getValue()==date.day.getMonth().getValue()){
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
public String showDate(){
return day.getMonth().getYear().getValue() + "-" + day.getMonth().getValue()+ "-" + day.getValue();
}
public DateUtil getNextNDays(int n){
long newday=(long)day.getValue()+(long)n;
day.resetMax();
while(newday>day.getValue()){
newday-=(long)day.getValue();
day.getMonth().monthIncrement();
if(day.getMonth().validate()==false){
day.getMonth().resetMin();
day.getMonth().getYear().yearIncrement();
}
day.resetMax();
}
DateUtil last=new DateUtil(day.getMonth().getYear().getValue(), day.getMonth().getValue(), (int)newday);
return last;
}
public DateUtil getPreviousNDays(int n){
int newday=day.getValue() -n;
day.getMonth().monthReduction();
while(newday<=0){
day.resetMax();
newday+=day.getValue();
day.getMonth().monthReduction();
if(day.getMonth().validate()==false){
day.getMonth().resetMax();
day.getMonth().getYear().yearReduction();
}
day.resetMax();
}
day.getMonth().monthIncrement();
DateUtil before=new DateUtil(day.getMonth().getYear().getValue(), day.getMonth().getValue(), newday);
return before;
}
public int getDaysofDates(DateUtil date){
int dayflag=0;
if(equalTwoDays(date)==true){
dayflag=0;
}else{
dayflag+=Math.abs(day.getValue()-date.day.getValue());
if(compareDates(date)==true){
//date大
while(day.getMonth().getValue()!=date.day.getMonth().getValue()||day.getMonth().getYear().getValue()!=date.day.getMonth().getYear().getValue()){
day.resetMax();
dayflag+=day.getValue();
day.getMonth().monthIncrement();
if(day.getMonth().validate()==false){
day.getMonth().resetMin();
day.getMonth().getYear().yearIncrement();
}
}
}else{
while(day.getMonth().getValue()!=date.day.getMonth().getValue()||day.getMonth().getYear().getValue()!=date.day.getMonth().getYear().getValue()){
date.day.resetMax();
dayflag+=date.day.getValue();
date.day.getMonth().monthIncrement();
if(date.day.getMonth().validate()==false){
date.day.getMonth().resetMin();
date.day.getMonth().getYear().yearIncrement();
}
}
}
}
return dayflag;
}
}
7-6：
类图：
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
int year = 0;
int month = 0;
int day = 0;
int choice = input.nextInt();
if (choice == 1) { // test getNextNDays method
int m = 0;
year = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
month = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
day = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
DateUtil date = new DateUtil(year, month, day);
if (!date.checkInputValidity()) {
System.out.println("Wrong Format");
System.exit(0);
}
m = input.nextInt();
if (m < 0) {
System.out.println("Wrong Format");
System.exit(0);
}
System.out.print(date.getYear() + "-" + date.getMonth() + "-" + date.getDay() + " next " + m + " days is:");
System.out.println(date.getNextNDays(m).showDate());
} else if (choice == 2) { // test getPreviousNDays method
int n = 0;
year = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
month = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
day = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
DateUtil date = new DateUtil(year, month, day);
if (!date.checkInputValidity()) {
System.out.println("Wrong Format");
System.exit(0);
}
n = input.nextInt();
if (n < 0) {
System.out.println("Wrong Format");
System.exit(0);
}
System.out.print(
date.getYear() + "-" + date.getMonth() + "-" + date.getDay() + " previous " + n + " days is:");
System.out.println(date.getPreviousNDays(n).showDate());
} else if (choice == 3) { //test getDaysofDates method
year = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
month = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
day = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
int anotherYear = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
int anotherMonth = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
int anotherDay = Integer.parseInt(input.next());
DateUtil fromDate = new DateUtil(year, month, day);
DateUtil toDate = new DateUtil(anotherYear, anotherMonth, anotherDay);
if (fromDate.checkInputValidity() && toDate.checkInputValidity()) {
System.out.println("The days between " + fromDate.showDate() +
" and " + toDate.showDate() + " are:"
+ fromDate.getDaysofDates(toDate));
} else {
System.out.println("Wrong Format");
System.exit(0);
}
}
else{
System.out.println("Wrong Format");
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
class DateUtil{
private int year;
private int month;
private int day;
int[] mon_maxnum=new int[]{31,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
DateUtil(int year,int month,int day){
this.year=year;
this.month=month;
this.day=day;
}
//检测输入的年、月、日是否合法
public boolean checkInputValidity(){
if(isLeapYear(year)==true){
if((year<1820||year>2020)||(month<1||month>12)||(day<1||day>31)){
return false;
}else if(month==2&&day>29){
return false;
}else{
return true;
}
}else{
if((year<1820||year>2020)||(month<1||month>12)||(day<1||day>31)){
return false;
}else if(month==2&&day>28){
return false;
}else{
return true;
}
}
}
//判断year是否为闰年
public boolean isLeapYear(int year){
if(year%400==0||(year%4==0&&year%100!=0)){
return true;
}else{
return false;
}
}
//取得year-month-day的下n天日期
public DateUtil getNextNDays(int n){
long newday=(long)this.day+(long)n;
int newmonth=this.month;
int newyear=this.year;
if(isLeapYear(year)==true){
mon_maxnum[2]=29;
while(newday>mon_maxnum[newmonth]){
newday-=mon_maxnum[newmonth];
newmonth++;
if(newmonth==13){
newmonth=1;
newyear++;
if(isLeapYear(newyear)==false){
mon_maxnum[2]=28;
}
if(isLeapYear(newyear)==true){
mon_maxnum[2]=29;
}
}
}
}else{
mon_maxnum[2]=28;
while(newday>mon_maxnum[newmonth]){
newday-=mon_maxnum[newmonth];
newmonth++;
if(newmonth==13){
newmonth=1;
newyear++;
if(isLeapYear(newyear)==true){
mon_maxnum[2]=29;
}
if(isLeapYear(newyear)==false){
mon_maxnum[2]=28;
}
}
}
}
DateUtil last=new DateUtil(newyear, newmonth, (int)newday);
return last;
}
//取得year-month-day的前n天日期
public DateUtil getPreviousNDays(int n){
int newday=this.day-n;
int newmonth=this.month;
int newyear=this.year;
if(isLeapYear(year)==true){
mon_maxnum[2]=29;
while(newday<=0){
newday+=mon_maxnum[newmonth-1];
newmonth--;
if(newmonth==0){
newmonth=12;
newyear--;
if(isLeapYear(newyear)==false){
mon_maxnum[2]=28;
}
if(isLeapYear(newyear)==true){
mon_maxnum[2]=29;
}
}
}
}else{
mon_maxnum[2]=28;
while(newday<=0){
newday+=mon_maxnum[newmonth-1];
newmonth--;
if(newmonth==0){
newmonth=12;
newyear--;
if(isLeapYear(newyear)==true){
mon_maxnum[2]=29;
}
if(isLeapYear(newyear)==false){
mon_maxnum[2]=28;
}
}
}
}
DateUtil before=new DateUtil(newyear, newmonth, newday);
return before;
}
//比较当前日期与date的大小（先后）
public boolean compareDates(DateUtil date){
// date大返回true
if(this.year<date.getYear()){
return true;
}else if(this.year==date.getYear()){
if(this.month<date.getMonth()){
return true;
}else if(this.month==date.getMonth()){
if(this.day<date.getDay()){
return true;
}else{
return false;
}
}else{
return false;
}
}else{
return false;
}
}
//判断两个日期是否相等
public boolean equalTwoDates(DateUtil date){
if(this.day==date.getDay()&&this.year==date.getYear()&&this.month==date.getMonth()){
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
//求当前日期与date之间相差的天数
public int getDaysofDates(DateUtil date){
int dayflag=0;
int newday=this.day;
int newmonth=this.month;
int newyear=this.year;
int myday=date.getDay();
int mymonth=date.getMonth();
int myyear=date.getYear();
if(equalTwoDates(date)==true){
dayflag=0;
}else{
if(compareDates(date)==true){//date大
while(myyear>newyear){
if(isLeapYear(myyear)==true){
dayflag+=366;
}else{
dayflag+=365;
}
myyear--;
}
while(mymonth!=newmonth){
if(isLeapYear(newyear)==true){
mon_maxnum[2]=29;
}else{
mon_maxnum[2]=28;
}
if(mymonth>newmonth){
dayflag+=mon_maxnum[mymonth-1];
mymonth--;
}else{
dayflag+=mon_maxnum[newmonth-1];
newmonth--;
}
}
dayflag=dayflag+myday-newday;
}else{
while(myyear<newyear){
if(isLeapYear(newyear)==true){
dayflag+=366;
}else{
dayflag+=365;
}
newyear--;
}
while(mymonth!=newmonth){
if(isLeapYear(newyear)==true){
mon_maxnum[2]=29;
}else{
mon_maxnum[2]=28;
}
if(mymonth>newmonth){
dayflag+=mon_maxnum[mymonth-1];
mymonth--;
}else{
dayflag+=mon_maxnum[newmonth-1];
newmonth--;
}
}
dayflag=dayflag-myday+newday;
}
}
return dayflag;
}
//以“year-month-day”格式返回日期值
public String showDate(){
return year + "-" + month + "-" + day;
}
public int getYear(){
return year;
}
public int getMonth(){
return month;
}
public int getDay(){
return day;
}
}
7-1：
类图：
源码：
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.HashSet;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
Menu menu=new Menu();
Order order=new Order();
Scanner in=new Scanner(System.in);
String Line=in.nextLine();
int i=0;
while (!Line.equals("T")) {
String[] thelineArray = Line.split(" ");
if(thelineArray.length==3) {
// 特色菜
String dishName=thelineArray[0];
int unit_price=Integer.parseInt(thelineArray[1]);
// menu.addDish(dishName, unit_price, i);
menu.dishs[i].dishpriceError(menu.dishs[i]);
menu.ifdeleteDish(menu.dishs[i]);
menu.dishs[i].setflag("T");
}else {
String dishName=thelineArray[0];
int unit_price=Integer.parseInt(thelineArray[1]);
menu.addDish(dishName, unit_price);
menu.dishs[i].dishpriceError(menu.dishs[i]);
menu.ifdeleteDish(menu.dishs[i]);
menu.dishs[i].setflag("P");
}
i++;
Line=in.nextLine();
}
i=0;
Line=in.nextLine();
String[] date=Line.split(" |/");
int[] tableNum=new int[500];
Table[] table=null;
if(date.length==4) {
tableNum[i]=Integer.parseInt(date[1]);
String year=date[2];
int[] time=new int[5];
for(int j=0,k=3;j<5;j++) {
time[j]=Integer.parseInt(date[k]);
k++;
}
table[i]=new Table(tableNum[i],year,time);
table[i].iftableNumerror(tableNum[i]);
table[i].deleteTable(table[i]);
table[i].theTime.check();
i++;
}
i=0;
int[] orderNum=new int[500];
while (!Line.equals("end")) {
String[] lineArray = Line.split(" ");
for(int j=0;j<orderNum.length;j++) {
orderNum[j]=Integer.parseInt(lineArray[0]);
}
if (lineArray.length ==3) {
int orderNum1=Integer.parseInt(lineArray[0]);
String dishName = lineArray[1];
int parseInt = Integer.parseInt(lineArray[2]);
int parseInt1 = Integer.parseInt(lineArray[3]);
order.addARecord(orderNum1, dishName, parseInt, parseInt1);
if(order.records[i].d.flag==1) {
order.records[i].checkTPortion(order.records[i]);
}else {
order.records[i].checkPortion(order.records[i]);
}
} else if ("delete".equals(lineArray[1])) {
int deleteNum=Integer.parseInt(lineArray[0]);
int flage=0;
for(int j=0;j<orderNum.length-1;j++) {
if(orderNum[j]==deleteNum) {
flage=1;
break;
}else {
flage=0;
}
}
if(flage==0) {
System.out.println("delete error");
}
order.delARecordByOrderNum(Integer.parseInt(lineArray[0]));
}
Line=in.nextLine();
}
System.out.println("wrong format");
}
// public static boolean theSametime(Table table1,Table table2) {
// int time1;
// int time2;
//
// if(table1.tableNum==table2.tableNum) {
// if
// }else {
// return false;
// }
// }
// public static void dishMerge(boolean timeResult) {
//
// }
}
class Dish {
String name;//菜品名称
int unit_price; //单价
int flag;
Dish(){
}
Dish(String name,int unit_price){
this.name=name;
this.unit_price=unit_price;
}
public void setflag(String T) {
if(T=="T") {
flag=1;
}else {
flag=0;
}
}
public int getPrice(int portion){
//计算菜品价格的方法，输入参数是点菜的份额（输入数据只能是1/2/3，代表小/中/大份） }
int price=0;
if(portion==1) {
price=unit_price;
}else if(portion==2) {
price=(int)(1.5*unit_price);
}else if (portion==3) {
price=unit_price*2;
}
return price;
}
public boolean checkPrice(Dish D) {
if(D.unit_price<=0||D.unit_price>=300) {
return false;
}else {
return true;
}
}
public void dishpriceError(Dish D) {
if(!checkPrice(D)) {
System.out.println(" price out of range ");
}
}
}
//菜谱类：对应菜谱，包含饭店提供的所有菜的信息。
class Menu {
Dish[] dishs ;//菜品数组，保存所有菜品信息
public Menu() {
}
public Dish searthDish(String dishName){
//根据菜名在菜谱中查找菜品信息，返回Dish对象。
Dish D=null;
for(int i=0;i<dishs.length;i++) {
if(dishs[i].name==dishName) {
D=dishs[i];
break;
}
}
return D;
}
public Dish addDish(String dishName,int unit_price){
//添加一道菜品信息
dishs=new Dish(dishName,unit_price);
return dishs;
}
public void ifdeleteDish(Dish D) {
if(!D.checkPrice(D)) {
D=null;
}
}
}
//点菜记录类：保存订单上的一道菜品记录
class Record {
int orderNum;//序号
Dish d;//菜品\\
int portion;//份额（1/2/3代表小/中/大份）
int num;
Menu menu;
Record(){
}
Record(int orderNum,String dishName,int portion,int num){
this.orderNum=orderNum;
this.d=menu.searthDish(dishName);
this.portion=portion;
this.num=num;
}
public int getPrice(){
//计价，计算本条记录的价格
int price=0;
for(int i=0;i<num;i++) {
price+=d.unit_price;
}
return price;
}
public void checkPortion(Record R) {
if(R.portion!=1||R.portion!=2||R.portion!=3) {
System.out.println(orderNum+" portion out of range "+portion);
}
}
public void checkTPortion(Record R) {
if(R.portion!=1||R.portion!=3) {
System.out.println(orderNum+" portion out of range "+portion);
}
}
}
//订单类：保存用户点的所有菜的信息。
class Order {
Record[] records;//保存订单上每一道的记录
Order(){
}
int price=0;
public int getTotalPrice(){
//计算订单的总价
for(int i=0;i<records.length;i++) {
price+=records[i].getPrice();
}
return price;
}
public Record addARecord(int orderNum,String dishName,int portion,int num){
//添加一条菜品信息到订单中。
records[orderNum]=new Record(orderNum,dishName,portion,num);
return records[orderNum];
}
public Record delARecordByOrderNum(int orderNum){
//根据序号删除一条记录
Record R=this.findRecordByNum(orderNum);
R=null;
return R;
}
public Record findRecordByNum(int orderNum){
//根据序号查找一条记录
Record R=records[orderNum];
return R;
}
}
class Table{
int tableNum;
Time theTime;
Record records;
Table(){
}
Table(int tableNum,String year,int[] time){
this.tableNum=tableNum;
theTime=new Time(year,time);
}
public void iftableNumerror(int tableNum) {
if(!checktableNum(tableNum)) {
System.out.println(" table num out of range");
}
}
private boolean checktableNum(int tableNum) {
if(tableNum<1||tableNum>55) {
return false;
}else {
return true;
}
}
public void deleteTable(Table table) {
if(!checktableNum(table.tableNum)) {
table=null;
}
}
}
class Time{
String year;
int[] time;
Time(){
}
Time(String year,int[] time){
this.year=year;
this.time=time;
}
public void check() {
if(!Datejudg(year,time)) {
System.out.println("date error");
}
if(!checkDate()) {
System.out.println("not a valid time period");
}
}
private boolean Datejudg(String year,int[] time) {
if(year.length()!=4||checkInputValidity(year,time)==false) {
return false;
}else{
return true;
}
}
private boolean checkInputValidity(String year,int[] time){
int month=time[0];
int day=time[1];
int hour=time[2];
int min=time[3];
int second=time[4];
int[] mon_max=new int[] {0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
if((day>mon_max[month])||(hour<1||hour>24)||(min<1||min>60)||(second<1||second>60)) {
return false;
}else {
return true;
}
}
private boolean checkDate() {
if((year!="2022"||year!="2023")||checkInputValidity(year,time)==false) {
return false;
}else {
return true;
}
}
}
（3）踩坑心得：
关于多个类的时候对类与类之间的关系的理解还要加强
（4）改进建议：
需要增强对编程的训练。
（5）总结：
7-1的pta训练没有完成的很好原因是编程能力不够，不能攻坚克难，对于编程能力的训练有懈怠。
标签：06,05,int,System,pta,public,year,return,day From： https://www.cnblogs.com/guanguanshuibuzhao/p/17363916.html