人，学生，教师类

设计一个类people,有保护数据成员:age(年龄,整型)，name(姓名，string)，行为成员：两个构造函数（一个默认，另一个有参数）；默认析构函数；void setValue(int m, string str)给age和name赋值；有一个void类型的纯虚函数display()。

设计一个学生类student,公有继承类people,有私有成员：studentID(学号,整型)，行为成员：两个构造函数（一个默认，另一个有参数）；默认析构函数；void setID(int m)给studentID赋值；display()函数输出学生的姓名，年龄，学号。

设计一个教师类teacher,公有继承类people,有私有成员：teacherID(工号,整型)，行为成员：两个构造函数（一个默认，另一个有参数）；默认析构函数；void setID(int m)给teacherID赋值； display()函数输出教师的姓名，年龄，工号。

在main函数定义学生对象和教师对象，给对象初始化赋值或调用setValue()和setID()赋值，并输出学生和老师的信息。

代码：

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class People {
protected:
int age;
string name;
public:
People() {};//默认构造函数
People(int a, string n) {//有参数的构造函数
age = a;
name = n;
}
~People() {};//析构函数
void setValue(int m, string str) {
age = m;
name = str;
}
virtual void display() const = 0;//纯虚函数
};

void fun(People* ptr) {//抽象类的指针和引用
ptr->display();
}

class Student : public People {
private:
int studentID;//
public:
Student() {};//默认构造
Student(int age, string name, int studentID) :People(age, name) {//含参构造
this->studentID = studentID;
}
~Student() {};//析构
void setID(int m) {//studentID赋值
this->studentID = m;
}
void display() const {//覆盖基类的虚函数，输出学生的姓名、年龄、学号
cout << name << "," << age << "," << studentID << endl;
}
};

class Teacher : public People {//Teacher类公有继承People类
private:
int teacherID;//teacherID(工号,整型)
public:
Teacher() {};//默认构造
Teacher(int age, string name, int teacherID) :People(age, name) {//含参构造
this->teacherID = teacherID;
}
~Teacher() {};//析构函数
void setID(int m) {//给teacherID赋值
this->teacherID = m;
}
void display() const {//输出教师的姓名、年龄、工号
cout << name << "," << age << "," << teacherID << endl;
}
};

int main() {
//定义对象
People* people;
Student student;
Teacher teacher;
int age;
string name;
int id;
cout << "请输入年龄age、姓名name" << endl;
cin >> age >> name;
people = &student;
people->setValue(age, name);
people = &teacher;
people->setValue(age, name);
cout << "请输入学号" << endl;
cin >> id;
student.setID(id);
cout << "请输入工号" << endl;
cin >> id;
teacher.setID(id);
fun(&student);
fun(&teacher);
return 0;
}