Android图像处理实例解析

一、概述
本篇文章介绍的是关于Android图像处理相关的，主要有动态修改图像的色相、饱和度及亮度，颜色矩阵，图像像素点调整、图像矩阵实现图像的平移缩放等，Xfermode相关知识点，渐变相关，图像倒影，像素块的坐标变化等等。

二、实例演示

1.色相、饱和度、亮度

实现效果图如下：

核心代码：

/**
     * 调整图像的色相、饱和度、亮度
     * @param bm 需要处理的图像
     * @param hue 色相
     * @param saturation 饱和度
     * @param lum 亮度
     * @return
     */
    public static Bitmap handleImageEffect(Bitmap bm, float hue, float saturation, float lum){

        Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(bm.getWidth(), bm.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bmp);//创建和原图像一样大小的画布
        Paint paint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);

        ColorMatrix hueMatrix = new ColorMatrix();
        hueMatrix.setRotate(0, hue);
        hueMatrix.setRotate(1, hue);
        hueMatrix.setRotate(2, hue);

        ColorMatrix saturationMatrix = new ColorMatrix();
        saturationMatrix.setSaturation(saturation);

        ColorMatrix lumMatrix = new ColorMatrix();
        lumMatrix.setScale(lum, lum, lum, 1);//1：全部透明

        //将之前的设置融合
        ColorMatrix imageMatrix = new ColorMatrix();
        imageMatrix.postConcat(hueMatrix);
        imageMatrix.postConcat(saturationMatrix);
        imageMatrix.postConcat(lumMatrix);

        paint.setColorFilter(new ColorMatrixColorFilter(imageMatrix));
        canvas.drawBitmap(bm, 0, 0, paint);//绘制到画布

        return bmp;

    }

2.颜色矩阵

实现效果图如下：

核心代码：

package com.czhappy.imagedemo.activity;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.ColorMatrix;
import android.graphics.ColorMatrixColorFilter;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.GridLayout;
import android.widget.ImageView;

import com.czhappy.imagedemo.R;

/**
 * Description:颜色矩阵
 * User: chenzheng
 * Date: 2016/12/20 0020
 * Time: 17:42
 */
public class ColorMatrixActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ImageView imageview;
    private GridLayout gridlayout;
    private Bitmap bitmap;
    private int mEtWidth, mEtHeight;

    private EditText[] mEts = new EditText[20];
    private float[] mColorMatrix = new float[20];


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_color_matrix);

        bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.test1);
        imageview = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview);
        gridlayout = (GridLayout) findViewById(R.id.gridlayout);

        //在控件绘制完毕调用
        gridlayout.post(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                mEtWidth = gridlayout.getWidth()/5;
                mEtHeight = gridlayout.getHeight()/4;
                addEt();
                initMatrix();
                getMatrix();
                setImageMatrix();

            }
        });
    }

    private void addEt(){
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            EditText et = new EditText(this);
            mEts[i] = et;
            gridlayout.addView(et, mEtWidth, mEtHeight);


        }
    }

    private void initMatrix(){
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {

            if(i%6==0){
                mEts[i].setText("1");
            }else{
                mEts[i].setText("0");
            }
        }
    }

    private void getMatrix(){
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            mColorMatrix[i] = Float.parseFloat(mEts[i].getText().toString());

        }
    }

    private void setImageMatrix(){
        Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        ColorMatrix colorMatrix = new ColorMatrix();
        colorMatrix.set(mColorMatrix);

        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bmp);
        Paint paint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
        paint.setColorFilter(new ColorMatrixColorFilter(colorMatrix));
        canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, paint);
        imageview.setImageBitmap(bmp);
    }

    public void btnChange(View view){
        getMatrix();
        setImageMatrix();

    }

    public void btnReset(View view){
        initMatrix();
        getMatrix();
        setImageMatrix();

    }
}

3.图像像素点

实现效果图如下：

核心代码：

/**
     * 底片效果
     * @param bm
     * @return
     */
    public static Bitmap handleImageNegative(Bitmap bm){
        int width = bm.getWidth();
        int height = bm.getHeight();
        int color;
        int r, g, b ,a;

        Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);

        int [] oldPx = new int[width*height];//新建像素点数组
        int [] newPx = new int[width*height];//新建像素点数组
        bm.getPixels(oldPx, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height);
        for (int i = 0; i < width*height; i++) {
            color = oldPx[i];
            r = Color.red(color);
            g = Color.green(color);
            b = Color.blue(color);
            a = Color.alpha(color);

            r = 255-r;
            g = 255-g;
            b = 255-b;

            if(r>255){
                r=255;
            }else if(r<0){
                r=0;
            }

            if(g>255){
                g=255;
            }else if(g<0){
                g=0;
            }

            if(b>255){
                b=255;
            }else if(b<0){
                b=0;
            }
            newPx[i] = Color.argb(a, r, g, b);//生成新的像素点
        }
        bmp.setPixels(newPx, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height);//将新像素点数组赋值给bitmap
        return bmp;

    }

    /**
     * 怀旧效果
     * @param bm
     * @return
     */
    public static Bitmap handleImageOldPhoto(Bitmap bm){
        int width = bm.getWidth();
        int height = bm.getHeight();
        int color;
        int r, g, b ,a, r1, g1, b1;

        Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);

        int [] oldPx = new int[width*height];//新建像素点数组
        int [] newPx = new int[width*height];//新建像素点数组
        bm.getPixels(oldPx, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height);
        for (int i = 0; i < width*height; i++) {
            color = oldPx[i];
            r = Color.red(color);
            g = Color.green(color);
            b = Color.blue(color);
            a = Color.alpha(color);

            r = (int)(0.393*r + 0.769*g + 0.189*b);
            g = (int)(0.349*r + 0.686*g + 0.168*b);
            b = (int)(0.272*r + 0.534*g + 0.131*b);

            if(r>255){
                r=255;
            }

            if(g>255){
                g=255;
            }

            if(b>255){
                b=255;
            }
            newPx[i] = Color.argb(a, r, g, b);//生成新的像素点
        }
        bmp.setPixels(newPx, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height);//将新像素点数组赋值给bitmap
        return bmp;

    }

    /**
     * 浮雕效果
     * @param bm
     * @return
     */
    public static Bitmap handleImageRelief(Bitmap bm){
        int width = bm.getWidth();
        int height = bm.getHeight();
        int color=0, colorBefore=0;
        int r, g, b ,a, r1, g1, b1;

        Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);

        int [] oldPx = new int[width*height];//新建像素点数组
        int [] newPx = new int[width*height];//新建像素点数组
        bm.getPixels(oldPx, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height);
        for (int i = 1; i < width*height; i++) {
            colorBefore = oldPx[i-1];
            r = Color.red(colorBefore);
            g = Color.green(colorBefore);
            b = Color.blue(colorBefore);
            a = Color.alpha(colorBefore);

            color = oldPx[i];
            r1 = Color.red(color);
            g1 = Color.green(color);
            b1 = Color.blue(color);

            r = (r - r1 + 127);
            g = (g - g1 + 127);
            b = (b - b1 + 127);

            if(r>255){
                r=255;
            }

            if(g>255){
                g=255;
            }

            if(b>255){
                b=255;
            }
            newPx[i] = Color.argb(a, r, g, b);//生成新的像素点
        }
        bmp.setPixels(newPx, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height);//将新像素点数组赋值给bitmap
        return bmp;

    }

4.图像矩阵

实现效果图如下：

核心代码：

package com.czhappy.imagedemo.activity;

import android.graphics.Matrix;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.GridLayout;

import com.czhappy.imagedemo.R;
import com.czhappy.imagedemo.view.ImageMatrixView;

/**
 * Description:
 * User: chenzheng
 * Date: 2016/12/21 0021
 * Time: 14:54
 */
public class ImageMatrixActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private GridLayout gridlayout;
    private ImageMatrixView imageMatrixView;

    private int mEtWidth, mEtHeight;

    private EditText[] mEts = new EditText[9];
    private float[] mImageMatrix = new float[9];

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_image_matrix);

        imageMatrixView = (ImageMatrixView) findViewById(R.id.myview);
        gridlayout = (GridLayout) findViewById(R.id.gridlayout);

        //在控件绘制完毕调用
        gridlayout.post(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                mEtWidth = gridlayout.getWidth()/3;
                mEtHeight = gridlayout.getHeight()/3;
                addEts();
                initMatrix();

            }
        });
    }

    private void initMatrix() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {

            if(i%4==0){
                mEts[i].setText("1");
            }else{
                mEts[i].setText("0");
            }
        }
    }

    private void addEts() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
            EditText et = new EditText(this);
            et.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
            mEts[i] = et;
            gridlayout.addView(et, mEtWidth, mEtHeight);
        }
    }

    public void btnChange(View view){
        getMatrix();
        Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
        matrix.setValues(mImageMatrix);
        imageMatrixView.setImageMatrix(matrix);
        imageMatrixView.invalidate();//刷新

        //使用系统api
        //doApi();

    }

    public void btnReset(View view){
        initMatrix();
        getMatrix();
        Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
        matrix.setValues(mImageMatrix);
        imageMatrixView.setImageMatrix(matrix);
        imageMatrixView.invalidate();//刷新

    }

    private void getMatrix(){
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
            mImageMatrix[i] = Float.parseFloat(mEts[i].getText().toString());

        }
    }

    private void doApi(){
        getMatrix();
        Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
        matrix.setScale(2, 2);//将图像变为原来的来2倍
        matrix.postTranslate(200, 200);//平移，顺序显示

        imageMatrixView.setImageMatrix(matrix);
        imageMatrixView.invalidate();//刷新

    }
}

5.Xfermode

实现效果图如下：

核心代码：

package com.czhappy.imagedemo.view;

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.PorterDuff;
import android.graphics.PorterDuffXfermode;
import android.graphics.RectF;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;

import com.czhappy.imagedemo.R;

/**
 * Description:圆角图片
 * User: chenzheng
 * Date: 2016/12/22 0022
 * Time: 10:19
 */
public class RoundRectXfermodeView extends View {

    private Bitmap mBitmap, mOut;
    private Paint mPaint;

    public RoundRectXfermodeView(Context context) {
        super(context);
        initView();
    }

    public RoundRectXfermodeView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        initView();
    }

    public RoundRectXfermodeView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        initView();
    }

    private void initView(){
        setLayerType(LAYER_TYPE_SOFTWARE, null);//禁用硬件加速
        mBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.test1);
        mOut = Bitmap.createBitmap(mBitmap.getWidth(), mBitmap.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(mOut);
        mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
        //绘制圆角矩形----dst
        canvas.drawRoundRect(new RectF(0, 0, 300, 300), 50, 50, mPaint);
        mPaint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_IN));
        //绘制图片----src
        canvas.drawBitmap(mBitmap, 0, 0, mPaint);
        mPaint.setXfermode(null);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        canvas.drawBitmap(mOut, 0, 0, null);
    }
}

6.BitmapShader

实现效果图如下：

核心代码：

package com.czhappy.imagedemo.view;

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.BitmapShader;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Shader;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;

import com.czhappy.imagedemo.R;

/**
 * Description:
 * User: chenzheng
 * Date: 2016/12/22 0022
 * Time: 11:03
 */
public class BitmapShaderView extends View {
    private Bitmap mBitmap;
    private Paint mPaint;
    private BitmapShader mBitmapShader;


    public BitmapShaderView(Context context) {
        super(context);
    }

    public BitmapShaderView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    public BitmapShaderView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        mPaint = new Paint();
        mBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.mipmap.ic_launcher);

        //REPEAT:重复，CLAMP:拉伸，MIRROR:镜像
        mBitmapShader = new BitmapShader(mBitmap, Shader.TileMode.MIRROR, Shader.TileMode.MIRROR);
        mPaint.setShader(mBitmapShader);
        canvas.drawCircle(200, 300, 300, mPaint);


    }
}

7.倒影

实现效果图如下：

核心代码：

package com.czhappy.imagedemo.view;

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.LinearGradient;
import android.graphics.Matrix;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.PorterDuff;
import android.graphics.PorterDuffXfermode;
import android.graphics.Shader;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;

import com.czhappy.imagedemo.R;

/**
 * Description:倒影
 * User: chenzheng
 * Date: 2016/12/22 0022
 * Time: 11:34
 */
public class ReflectView extends View{

    private Bitmap mSrcBitmap, mRefBitmap;
    private Paint mPaint;

    public ReflectView(Context context) {
        super(context);
        initView();
    }

    public ReflectView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        initView();
    }

    public ReflectView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        initView();
    }

    private void initView(){
        mSrcBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.test1);
        Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
        matrix.setScale(1, -1);//x轴对称
        mRefBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(mSrcBitmap, 0, 0, mSrcBitmap.getWidth(), mSrcBitmap.getHeight(), matrix, true);
        mPaint = new Paint();
        //透明度线性渐变
        mPaint.setShader(new LinearGradient(0, mSrcBitmap.getHeight(), 0, mSrcBitmap.getHeight()*1.4f,
                0xdd000000, 0x10000000, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP));
        mPaint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.DST_IN));

    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        canvas.drawColor(Color.BLACK);
        canvas.drawBitmap(mSrcBitmap, 0, 0, null);
        canvas.drawBitmap(mRefBitmap, 0, mSrcBitmap.getHeight(), null);
        canvas.drawRect(0, mRefBitmap.getHeight(), mSrcBitmap.getWidth(), mSrcBitmap.getHeight()*2, mPaint);

    }
}

8.像素块drawBitmapMesh

实现效果图如下：

核心代码：

package com.czhappy.imagedemo.view;

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;

import com.czhappy.imagedemo.R;

/**
 * Description:
 * User: chenzheng
 * Date: 2016/12/22 0022
 * Time: 14:13
 */
public class MeshView extends View {

    private int WIDTH = 200;//纵向线的条数
    private int HEIGHT = 200;//横向线的条数
    private int COUNT = (WIDTH+1)*(HEIGHT+1);
    private float[] verts = new float[COUNT*2] ;//改变后的坐标
    private float[] orig = new float[COUNT*2] ;//原始坐标
    private Bitmap mBitmap;

    private float k = 1f;

    public MeshView(Context context) {
        super(context);
        initView();
    }

    public MeshView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        initView();
    }

    public MeshView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        initView();
    }

    private void initView(){
        int index = 0;
        mBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.test1);
        float bmWidth = mBitmap.getWidth();
        float bmHeight = mBitmap.getHeight();
        for (int i = 0; i < HEIGHT+1; i++) {
            float fy = bmHeight*i/HEIGHT;
            for (int j = 0; j < WIDTH+1; j++) {
                float fx = bmWidth*j/WIDTH;
                orig[index*2+0] = verts[index*2+0] = fx;
                orig[index*2+1] = verts[index*2+1] = fy+50;
                index++;
            }
        }

    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        for (int i = 0; i < HEIGHT+1; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < WIDTH+1; j++) {
                verts[(i*(WIDTH+1)+j)*2+0] += 0;
                //偏移量
                float offsetY = (float) Math.sin((float)j/WIDTH*2*Math.PI + k * 2 * Math.PI);
                verts[(i*(WIDTH+1)+j)*2+1] = orig[(i*(WIDTH+1)+j)*2+1] + offsetY*50;
            }
        }
        k+=0.1f;
        canvas.drawBitmapMesh(mBitmap, WIDTH, HEIGHT, verts, 0, null, 0, null);
        invalidate();//重绘
    }
}