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六.SpringMVC执行流程

时间：2023-02-12 22:09:09浏览次数：33  
标签：执行 SpringMVC wac 流程 request mappedHandler null response processedRequest

1、SpringMVC常用组件

  • DispatcherServlet:.前端控制器，不需要工程师开发，由框架提供
    作用：统一处理请求和响应，整个流程控制的中心，由它调用其它组件处理用户的请求
  • HandlerMapping:处理器映射器，不需要工程师开发，由框架提供
    作用：根据请求的url、method等信息查找Handler,即控制器方法
  • Handler:处理器，需要工程师开发
    作用：在DispatcherServlet的控制下Handlerx对具体的用户请求进行处理
  • HandlerAdapter:处理器适配器，不需要工程师开发，由框架提供
    作用：通过HandlerAdapter对处理器（控制器方法）进行执行
  • ViewResolver:视图解析器，不需要工程师开发，由框架提供
    作用：进行视图解析，得到相应的视图，例如：ThymeleafView、InternalResourceView、RedirectView
  • View:视图，不需要工程师开发，由框架或视图技术提供
    作用：将模型数据通过页面展示给用户

2、DispatcherServlet初始化过程

DispatcherServlet本质上是一个Servlet,所以天然的遵循Servlet的生命周期。所以宏观上是Servlet生命周期来进行调度。

2.1初始化WebApplicationContext

所在类：org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet

protected WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext() {
    WebApplicationContext rootContext = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(this.getServletContext());
    WebApplicationContext wac = null;
    if (this.webApplicationContext != null) {
        wac = this.webApplicationContext;
        if (wac instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
            ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext)wac;
            if (!cwac.isActive()) {
                if (cwac.getParent() == null) {
                    cwac.setParent(rootContext);
                }

                this.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac);
            }
        }
    }

    if (wac == null) {
        wac = this.findWebApplicationContext();
    }

    if (wac == null) {
        //创建WebApplicationContext
        wac = this.createWebApplicationContext(rootContext);
    }

    if (!this.refreshEventReceived) {
        synchronized(this.onRefreshMonitor) {
            //刷新WebApplicationContext
            this.onRefresh(wac);
        }
    }

    if (this.publishContext) {
        //将IOC容器在应用域共享
        String attrName = this.getServletContextAttributeName();
        this.getServletContext().setAttribute(attrName, wac);
    }

    return wac;
}

2.2创建WebApplicationContext

所在类：org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet

protected WebApplicationContext createWebApplicationContext(@Nullable ApplicationContext parent) {
        Class<?> contextClass = this.getContextClass();
        if (!ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.class.isAssignableFrom(contextClass)) {
            throw new ApplicationContextException("Fatal initialization error in servlet with name '" + this.getServletName() + "': custom WebApplicationContext class [" + contextClass.getName() + "] is not of type ConfigurableWebApplicationContext");
        } else {
            //通过反射创建IOC容器对象
            ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext)BeanUtils.instantiateClass(contextClass);
            wac.setEnvironment(this.getEnvironment());
            //设置父容器
            wac.setParent(parent);
            String configLocation = this.getContextConfigLocation();
            if (configLocation != null) {
                wac.setConfigLocation(configLocation);
            }

            this.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(wac);
            return wac;
        }
    }

2.3DispatcherServlet初始化策略

FrameworkServlet创建WebApplicationContext后，刷新容器，调用onRefresh(Wac),此方法在DispatcherServlet中进行了重写，调用了initStrategies(context)方法，初始化策略，即初始化DispatcherServlet的各个组件

所在类：org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet

protected void initStrategies(ApplicationContext context) {
        this.initMultipartResolver(context);
        this.initLocaleResolver(context);
        this.initThemeResolver(context);
        this.initHandlerMappings(context);
        this.initHandlerAdapters(context);
        this.initHandlerExceptionResolvers(context);
        this.initRequestToViewNameTranslator(context);
        this.initViewResolvers(context);
        this.initFlashMapManager(context);
    }

3、DlspatcherServleti调用组件处理请求

3.1processRequest()

FrameworkServlet重写HttpServlet中的service(0和doXxx(0,这些方法中调用了processRequest(request,. response) 所在类：org.springframework..web.servlet.FrameworkServlet

protected final void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    Throwable failureCause = null;
    LocaleContext previousLocaleContext = LocaleContextHolder.getLocaleContext();
    LocaleContext localeContext = this.buildLocaleContext(request);
    RequestAttributes previousAttributes = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
    ServletRequestAttributes requestAttributes = this.buildRequestAttributes(request, response, previousAttributes);
    WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);
    asyncManager.registerCallableInterceptor(FrameworkServlet.class.getName(), new FrameworkServlet.RequestBindingInterceptor());
    this.initContextHolders(request, localeContext, requestAttributes);

    try {
        this.doService(request, response);
    } catch (IOException | ServletException var16) {
        failureCause = var16;
        throw var16;
    } catch (Throwable var17) {
        failureCause = var17;
        throw new NestedServletException("Request processing failed", var17);
    } finally {
        this.resetContextHolders(request, previousLocaleContext, previousAttributes);
        if (requestAttributes != null) {
            requestAttributes.requestCompleted();
        }

        this.logResult(request, response, (Throwable)failureCause, asyncManager);
        this.publishRequestHandledEvent(request, response, startTime, (Throwable)failureCause);
    }

}

3.2doService()

所在类：org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet

protected void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
    this.logRequest(request);
    Map<String, Object> attributesSnapshot = null;
    if (WebUtils.isIncludeRequest(request)) {
        attributesSnapshot = new HashMap();
        Enumeration attrNames = request.getAttributeNames();

        label116:
        while(true) {
            String attrName;
            do {
                if (!attrNames.hasMoreElements()) {
                    break label116;
                }

                attrName = (String)attrNames.nextElement();
            } while(!this.cleanupAfterInclude && !attrName.startsWith("org.springframework.web.servlet"));

            attributesSnapshot.put(attrName, request.getAttribute(attrName));
        }
    }

    request.setAttribute(WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, this.getWebApplicationContext());
    request.setAttribute(LOCALE_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.localeResolver);
    request.setAttribute(THEME_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.themeResolver);
    request.setAttribute(THEME_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE, this.getThemeSource());
    if (this.flashMapManager != null) {
        FlashMap inputFlashMap = this.flashMapManager.retrieveAndUpdate(request, response);
        if (inputFlashMap != null) {
            request.setAttribute(INPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, Collections.unmodifiableMap(inputFlashMap));
        }

        request.setAttribute(OUTPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, new FlashMap());
        request.setAttribute(FLASH_MAP_MANAGER_ATTRIBUTE, this.flashMapManager);
    }

    RequestPath previousRequestPath = null;
    if (this.parseRequestPath) {
        previousRequestPath = (RequestPath)request.getAttribute(ServletRequestPathUtils.PATH_ATTRIBUTE);
        ServletRequestPathUtils.parseAndCache(request);
    }

    try {
        this.doDispatch(request, response);
    } finally {
        if (!WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).isConcurrentHandlingStarted() && attributesSnapshot != null) {
            this.restoreAttributesAfterInclude(request, attributesSnapshot);
        }

        if (this.parseRequestPath) {
            ServletRequestPathUtils.setParsedRequestPath(previousRequestPath, request);
        }

    }

}

3.3doDispatch()

所在类：org.springframework.web.servlet..DispatcherServlet

protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
        HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
        boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;
        WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);

        try {
            try {
                ModelAndView mv = null;
                Object dispatchException = null;

                try {
                    processedRequest = this.checkMultipart(request);
                    multipartRequestParsed = processedRequest != request;
                    mappedHandler = this.getHandler(processedRequest);
                    if (mappedHandler == null) {
                        this.noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
                        return;
                    }

                    HandlerAdapter ha = this.getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());
                    String method = request.getMethod();
                    boolean isGet = HttpMethod.GET.matches(method);
                    if (isGet || HttpMethod.HEAD.matches(method)) {
                        long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
                        if ((new ServletWebRequest(request, response)).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
                            return;
                        }
                    }

                    if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
                        return;
                    }

                    mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());
                    if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                        return;
                    }

                    this.applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv);
                    mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
                } catch (Exception var20) {
                    dispatchException = var20;
                } catch (Throwable var21) {
                    dispatchException = new NestedServletException("Handler dispatch failed", var21);
                }

                this.processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, (Exception)dispatchException);
            } catch (Exception var22) {
                this.triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, var22);
            } catch (Throwable var23) {
                this.triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, new NestedServletException("Handler processing failed", var23));
            }

        } finally {
            if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                if (mappedHandler != null) {
                    mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
                }
            } else if (multipartRequestParsed) {
                this.cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
            }

        }
    }

3.4processDispatchResult()

所在类：org.springframework.web.servlet..DispatcherServlet

private void processDispatchResult(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler, @Nullable ModelAndView mv, @Nullable Exception exception) throws Exception {
    boolean errorView = false;
    if (exception != null) {
        if (exception instanceof ModelAndViewDefiningException) {
            this.logger.debug("ModelAndViewDefiningException encountered", exception);
            mv = ((ModelAndViewDefiningException)exception).getModelAndView();
        } else {
            Object handler = mappedHandler != null ? mappedHandler.getHandler() : null;
            mv = this.processHandlerException(request, response, handler, exception);
            errorView = mv != null;
        }
    }

    if (mv != null && !mv.wasCleared()) {
        this.render(mv, request, response);
        if (errorView) {
            WebUtils.clearErrorRequestAttributes(request);
        }
    } else if (this.logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
        this.logger.trace("No view rendering, null ModelAndView returned.");
    }

    if (!WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
        if (mappedHandler != null) {
            mappedHandler.triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, (Exception)null);
        }

    }
}

4、SpringMVC的执行流程

1)用户向服务器发送请求，请求被SpringMVC前端控制器DispatcherServlet捕获。

2)DispatcherServlet对请求URL进行解析，得到请求资源标识符(URI),判断请求URI对应的映射：

a)不存在 Ⅰ.再判断是否配置了mvc:default-servlet-handler Ⅱ.如果没配置，则控制台报映射查找不到，客户端展示404错误

Ⅲ.如果有配置，则访问目标资源（一般为静态资源，如：JS,CSS,HTML)，找不到客户端也会展示404错误

b)存在则执行下面的流程 3)根据该URl,调用HandlerMapping获得该Handleri配置的所有相关的对象（包括Handleri对象以及Handleri对象对应的拦截器)，最后以HandlerExecutionChain:执行链对象的形式返回。

4)DispatcherServlet根据a获得的Handler,选择一个合适的HandlerAdapter.。

5)如果成功获得HandlerAdapter,此时将开始执行拦截器的preHandler(.)方法【正向】

6)提取Requesti中的模型数据，填充Handler入参，开始执行Handler(Controller)方法，处理请求。在填充HandlerE的入参过程中，根据你的配置，Spring将帮你做一些额外的工作：

a)HttpMessageConveter：将请求消息（如son、Xml等数据）转换成一个对象，将对象转换为指定的响应信息

b)数据转换：对请求消息进行数据转换。如String转换成nteger、Double等

c)数据格式化：对请求消息进行数据格式化。如将字符串转换成格式化数字或格式化日期等

d)数据验证：验证数据的有效性（长度、格式等），验证结果存储到BindingResult或Error中

7)Handler执行完成后，向DispatcherServlet返回一个ModelAndView对象。

8)此时将开始执行拦截器的oostHandle(.)方法【逆向】。

9)根据返回的ModelAndView(此时会判断是否存在异常：如果存在异常，则执行HandlerExceptionResolveri进行异常处理)选择一个适合的ViewResolveri进行视图解析，根据Modelz和View,来渲染视图。

10)渲染视图完毕执行拦截器的afterCompletion(…)方法【逆向】。

11)将渲染结果返回给客户端。

标签：执行,SpringMVC,wac,流程,request,mappedHandler,null,response,processedRequest
From： https://blog.51cto.com/u_15915681/6052205

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