Vagrantfile - 自定义配置

1、Vagrantfile参数说明：

# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  ################# Box配置 ################# 
  config.vm.box = "debian_buster"
  config.vm.box_version = "3.4.00"
  config.vm.box_url = "https://vagrantcloud.com/debian/buster"


  ################# 网络配置 ################# 
  # 端口转发配置
  config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080
  config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"
  
  config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 2004, host: 33214, protocol: "tcp"
  config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 2004, host: 33214, protocol: "udp"

  config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 2004, host: 8080, auto_correct: true
  config.vm.usable_port_rage = 8000..8999
  
  config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 22, host: 2222, id: "ssh", disabled: "true"
  config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 22, host: 22222
  
  # NAT 网络
  # 启动时会默认起 1 个 NAT 网络，保证了虚机可以上互联网
  
  # 主机网络配置
  config.vm.network "private_network", type: "dhcp" # DHCP获取IP地址（不推荐）
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.56.10" # 保证了宿主机和虚机，以及虚机和虚机之间的通信
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "fea3:4442:82f1::c3", netmask: "48"
  
  # 桥接网络配置
  config.vm.network "public_network"
  config.vm.network "public_network", auto_config: false
  
  config.vm.network "public_network", ip: 192.168.56.100
  
  config.vm.network "public_network", bridge: "en1: Wi-Fi (AirPort)"
  config.vm.network "public_network", bridge: [
	  "en1: Wi-Fi (AirPort)",
	  "en2: Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet Controller",
  ]

  # config.vm.network "public_network", auto_config: false
  # config.vm.provision "shell",
  # 	  run: "always",
  # 	  inline: "ifconfig eth1 192.168.56.100 network 255.255.255.0 up"
  # config.vm.provision "shell",
  # 	  run: "always",
  # 	  inline: "ifconfig eth1 inet6 f303::100/48"

  # config.vm.network "public_network", ip: "192.168.56.100"
  # config.vm.provision "shell",
  #    run: "always",
  #    inline: "route add default gw 192.168.56.1"
  # config.vm.provision "shell",
  #    run: "always",
  #    inline: "route -A inet6 add default gw fc00::1 eth1"
  # config.vm.provision "shell",
  #    run: "always",
  #    inline: "eval `route -n | awk '{ if ($8 ==\"eth0\" && $2 != \"0.0.0.0\") print \"route del default gw \" $2; }'`"

  ################# SSH配置 ################# 
  config.ssh.username = "vagrant"
  config.ssh.password = "vagrant"
  config.ssh.insert_key = false  # 以后创建出来的虚拟机都是用统一的 insecure_private_key 来登录
  # 默认每个虚拟机会生成自己的 key

  ################# 虚拟机主机名称 ################# 
  config.vm.hostname = "deb"

  ################# 同步目录配置 ################# 
  config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant",create: true
  config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data",create: true,owner: "root",group: "root"
  #第一个参数是主机上共享的目录，第二个参数是vagrant虚拟机的挂载目录，第三个参数在虚拟机里面没有挂载目录则创建挂载目录，第四个参数所属用户，第五个参数所属用户组
  
  ################# Virtualbox 配置 ################# 
  config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
       vb.gui = false # 启动虚拟机时不启用GUI界面，节省宿主机资源
       vb.name = "Debian_11" # Virtuablbox主机名称
       vb.memory = "1024" # 虚拟机内存
       vb.cpus = "2" # 虚拟机CPU
       # 磁盘设置需要安装插件
  end
  
  ################# Provision 配置 #################  
  # 启动虚拟机运行的脚本
  config.vm.provision "shell", path: "DNS.sh"
  # 在与Vagrantfile同级的目录下创建一个`bootstrap.sh`文件
  
  config.vm.provision "shell", "echo hello-world!"
  
  config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
	   apt-get update
	   apt-get install -y apache2
  SHELL
end

2、Vagrantfile配置案例 单个虚拟机配置（这个创建后的虚拟机装默认关闭防火墙、Selinux、SWAP分区以及安装curl软件包）

Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
  config.vm.box = "centos"
  config.vm.box = "ling218"

  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.56.10"

  config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant",create: true

  config.ssh.username = "vagrant"
  config.ssh.password = "vagrant"
  config.ssh.insert_key = false

  config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
     vb.gui = false
     vb.name = "CentOS7"
     vb.memory = "1024"
     vb.cpus = "2" 
  end

  config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
     # 安装curl软件
     yum clean all
     yum makecache fast
     yum install -y curl
     # 关闭防火墙
     systemctl stop firewalld
     systemctl disable firewalld
     # 关闭Selinux
     setenforce 0
     sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
     # 关闭swap
     swapoff -a
     sed -i 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
  SHELL
end

多个虚拟机配置(执行 vagrant up 命令后将创建两个虚拟机 web和db)

Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
  config.vm.box = "centos"
  config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", create: true

  config.vm.define "web-server" do |web|
    web.vm.hostname = "web"
    web.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.56.10"
    web.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
      vb.name = "web"
      vb.cpus = "2"
      vb.memory = "1024"
      vb.gui = false
    end

  config.vm.define "db-server" do |web|
    web.vm.hostname = "db"
    web.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.56.11"
    web.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
      vb.name = "db"
      vb.cpus = "2"
      vb.memory = "1024"
      vb.gui = false
    end